I-Urticaria ithinta cishe ingane eyodwa kweziyishumi. Isizathu esivame kakhulu salokhu kuqubuka kungazelelwe ukutheleleka ngegciwane, kodwa kunezinye izimbangela zokuqubuka kwezingane. 

I-Urticaria ukwenzeka kungazelelwe kwamaqhubu amancane abomvu noma apinki akhule abe neziqephu, afana nokulunywa kwe-nettle. Iyaluma futhi ivamise ukuvela ezingalweni, emilenzeni nasesiqwini. Ngezinye izikhathi ama-Hives abangela ukuvuvukala noma ukuvuvukala kobuso namaphethelo. 

Kwenziwa umehluko phakathi kwe-acute urticaria kanye ne-urticaria engapheli. I-urticaria ebukhali noma ekha phezulu ibonakala ngokuvela okungazelelwe kwama-papules abomvu alumayo abese enyamalala emizuzwini embalwa noma emahoreni ambalwa (ubuningi bezinsuku ezimbalwa) ngaphandle kokushiya isibazi. Ku-urticaria engapheli noma ejulile, ama-rashes aphikelela ngaphezu kwamaviki angu-6.

Phakathi kuka-3,5 no-8% wezingane kanye ne-16 kuya ku-24% yentsha ihlaselwe yi-urticaria.

Enganeni

Isizathu esivame kakhulu sokuhogela ezinsaneni ukungezwani nokudla, ikakhulukazi ukungezwani namaprotheni obisi lwenkomo. 

Ezinganeni

Amagciwane

Ezinganeni, izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane kanye nokuthatha imithi ethile yizona zimbangela eziyinhloko zokuqunjelwa. 

Amagciwane avame ukubangela i-urticaria ezinganeni igciwane lomkhuhlane (elibhekene nomkhuhlane), i-adenovirus (izifo zepheshana lokuphefumula), i-enterovirus (i-herpangina, i-aseptic meningitis, isifo sonyawo, isandla nesomlomo), i-EBV (ebhekene ne-mononucleosis) kanye ne-coronavirus. Ngokwezinga elincane, amagciwane abangela isifo sokusha kwesibindi kohlobo angadala i-urticaria (engxenyeni yesithathu yezimo i-hepatitis B). 

Imithi

Imithi engase ivuse i-urticaria ezinganeni ama-antibiotics athile, i-nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), i-paracetamol noma izidakamizwa ezisekelwe ku-codeine. 

Ukwelashwa kokudla

E-urticaria ebangelwa ukungezwani kokudla, ukudla okunomthwalo wemfanelo kuvame ubisi lwenkomo (ngaphambi kwezinyanga ezingu-6), amaqanda, amantongomane namantongomane, izinhlanzi namagobolondo, izithelo ezingavamile kanye nokudla okungeziwe. 

Ukulunywa izinambuzane

I-Urticaria ezinganeni ingavela futhi ngemva kokulunywa yizinambuzane, okuhlanganisa umuvi, izinyosi, izintuthwane, nezintuthwane. Okungavamile kakhulu, i-urticaria imvelaphi ye-parasitic (ezindaweni ezihlala njalo). 

Amazinga okushisa

Okokugcina, isikhumba esibandayo nesizwelayo singaholela ekuqubukeni kwezinye izingane.  

Izifo

Okungavamile kakhulu, izifo ze-autoimmune, ukuvuvukala noma zesistimu kwesinye isikhathi zibangela isifuba ezinganeni.

Ukwelashwa kwe-urticaria eyingozi 

I-urticaria ebukhali iyamangalisa kodwa ngokuvamile imnene. Amafomu e-Alergic azixazulula ngokuzenzekelayo phakathi namahora ambalwa kuya kwangu-24. Lezo ezihlobene nokutheleleka ngegciwane zingahlala izinsuku ezimbalwa, ngisho namasonto ambalwa ngenxa yezifo ezibangelwa amagciwane. Uma izidleke zihlala amahora angaphezu kwama-24, ingane kufanele inikezwe i-antihistamine cishe izinsuku eziyishumi (kuze kube yilapho isifuba sihamba). I-Desloratadine ne-levocetirizine ama-molecule asetshenziswa kakhulu ezinganeni. 

Uma ingane ine-angioedema ephawulekayo noma i-anaphylaxis (ukusabela okweqile okubangelwa ukungezwani nokuphefumula, ukugaya nokuvuvukala kobuso), ukwelashwa kuhlanganisa umjovo ophuthumayo we-epinephrine we-intramuscular. Qaphela ukuthi izingane esezivele zihlangabezane nesiqephu sokuqala sokushaqeka kwe-anaphylactic kufanele zihlale ziphethe idivayisi evumela ukuzijova kwe-adrenaline uma kwenzeka kuphindeka. Ngenhlanhla, izingxenye ezimbili kwezintathu zezingane ezike zaba nesiqephu se-hives ngeke zibe nesinye isiqephu. 

Ukwelashwa kwe-urticaria engapheli kanye / noma ephindaphindayo

I-urticaria engapheli ixazulula ngokuzenzakalelayo ezimeni eziningi ngemva kwesilinganiso sesikhathi esiyizinyanga eziyi-16. Ubudala (ngaphezulu kweminyaka eyi-8) kanye nobulili besifazane yizici ezithuthukisa i-urticaria engapheli. 

Ukwelashwa kusekelwe kuma-antihistamine. Uma i-urticaria isahambisana nokutheleleka ngegciwane noma ngokuthatha imithi, i-antihistamine kufanele ithathwe ingane ezimweni eziyingozi. Uma i-urticaria engapheli yansuku zonke ingenayo imbangela eyaziwayo, i-antihistamine kufanele ithathwe isikhathi eside (izinyanga ezimbalwa, iphindwe uma i-urticaria iphikelela). Ama-Antihistamine asiza ukuyeka ukulunywa.