Okuqukethwe
I-Mullet iyi-oda le-monotypic, ehlanganisa izizukulwane eziyi-18 nezinhlobo ezingama-81. Izinhlobo eziningi ze-thermophilic. Ama-mullet anomzimba oyisikwele, omude, ombozwe ngezikali ezinkulu, abamba ikhanda futhi. Isakhiwo se-mullets sinezici ezimbalwa, zingezezinhlanzi ezinesinye sokubhukuda esivaliwe kanye nesistimu yokugaya ukudla eyinkimbinkimbi, ehlotshaniswa nendlela yokuphila kanye ne-ecological niche ehlala izinhlanzi emvelweni. Umlomo mncane, ezinhlobonhlobo eziningi, unezindebe eziwugqinsi, ezisikhumba. Ngendlela yokondla, ama-mullet ahluke ezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlanzi eziningi, ezingabameleli be-ichthyofauna yendawo esogwini lolwandle. Ukudla okuyinhloko kwalezi zinhlanzi yi-detritus - izingxenye ezifile zezitshalo nezilwane, ingxenye yamaminerali, amafilimu e-organic ebusweni obuphansi, njalonjalo. Ngokuvamile, izinhlanzi zidla ama-benthos - izilwane ezingaphansi. Wonke ama-mullet ayizinhlanzi ze-pelargic, ezihamba kakhulu, ezihola impilo yesikole. Izinhlanzi zihlala endaweni esogwini lolwandle, ngokuvamile emanzini anosawoti ezichwebeni namachweba. Kunezinhlobo ezithanda amanzi ahlanzekile asezindaweni eziphansi zemifula. Ngenxa yendlela yokondla, ama-mullet cishe awalokothi aqhudelane nokudla kwezinye izinhlobo zezilwane, ngakho-ke, kunemiphumela emihle yokujwayela ezindaweni ezisogwini lolwandle kanye namadamu avaliwe. OLwandle lweCaspian, indawo yonke ye-mullet yaziwa ngaphansi kwegama - singil. Lapha kufanele sikhulume nge-pilengas, i-mullet yolwandle ye-Pacific basin, eyethulwa ngempumelelo esifundeni sase-Azov - Black Sea. Indawo yemvelo ihlanganisa indawo eshisayo neshisayo.
Izindlela zokubamba i-mullet
Ama-mullet athathwa njengenhlanzi emnandi futhi enempilo; ezifundeni eziningi, ukukhiqizwa kwezimboni kwenziwa ngegiya elinetha. Phakathi kwabadobi abayizimfundamakhwela, inhlanzi nayo iyintandokazi yokudoba. Izindlela zokudoba eziphumelela kakhulu amarigi amaningi akhethekile asebenzisa izinti ezingaphansi, ezintantayo zisebenzisa izinti zemvelo. Ama-mullet, ngokuya ngezinhlobo nesifunda, asabela kakhulu noma angaphansi kokuphotha ama-bait, njengomthetho, lawa angama-spinner amancane.
Ukudoba ngenduku yokuntanta
Emagiyeni okuntanta, imvamisa, ama-mullet abanjwa ezindaweni ezingashoni, emachibini nasemifuleni. I-float tackle isetshenziswa ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi ukudoba kusuka phezulu noma ngokujula okuncane. Kulokhu, amathuluzi akhethekile akhiwe. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ama-mullets anamahloni kakhulu, futhi ukudoba okuphumelelayo, naphezu kokulula kwangaphandle kwegiya, kudinga amakhono athile. Izici zokusebenzisa igiya le-float ekubambeni ama-mullets zincike ezimeni zokudoba kanye nolwazi lomdobi. Ukudoba ogwini lwe-mullet, izinduku zemishini "eyisithulu" engu-5-6 m ubude zivame ukusetshenziswa. Izinduku zokufanisa zisetshenziselwa ukulingisa ibanga elide. Ukukhethwa kwemishini kuhluke kakhulu futhi kunqunyelwe izimo zokudoba. Njengakunoma yikuphi ukudoba okuntantayo, into ebaluleke kakhulu i-bait ne-bait efanele.
Ukubamba i-mullet egiyeni elingezansi
Ama-mullet aphendula egiyeni elingezansi, uma kukhona amathuluzi athile, akhethekile. Isici esiyinhloko sigqamile, ama-pop-up montages, lapho izingwegwe ziphakama ngaphezu kwezansi. Kwezinye izimo, i-spot lure ingaba usizo kakhulu, ngakho-ke, kanye nezinduku ezijwayelekile ezingezansi, kungenzeka ukuthi usebenzise ama-feeder rigs, alungele iningi, ngisho nama-anglers angenalwazi. Bavumela umdobi ukuthi ahambe kancane echibini, futhi ngenxa yokuthi kungenzeka ukuthi athole amaphuzu, ngokushesha "qoqa" izinhlanzi endaweni ethile. Isiphakeli nesikhethi, njengezinhlobo ezihlukene zemishini, okwamanje zihluka kuphela ngobude benduku. Isisekelo siwukuba khona kwesitsha se-bait-sinker (i-feeder) kanye namathiphu aguquguqukayo entongeni. Iziqongo ziyashintsha kuye ngezimo zokudoba kanye nesisindo se-feeder esetshenzisiwe. I-nozzle yokudoba ingaba yimuphi umbhobho, kokubili imvelaphi yemifino noma yezilwane, kanye nokunamathisela. Le ndlela yokudoba itholakala kuwo wonke umuntu. I-Tackle ayifuni izisekeli ezengeziwe kanye nezinto zokusebenza ezikhethekile. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi udobe cishe kunoma iyiphi imizimba yamanzi. Kuyafaneleka ukunaka ukukhethwa kwama-feeders ngesimo nosayizi, kanye nezingxube ze-bait. Lokhu kungenxa yezimo ze-reservoir (umfula, i-bay, njll.) kanye nezintandokazi zokudla zezinhlanzi zendawo.
Amahubo
I-Mullet ibanjwa ngezinhlobonhlobo zezitshalo nezilwane, kuye ngokuthandwa yizinhlanzi zendawo. Kusukela phezulu, i-mullet icofa, ngisho nasoqweqweni lwesinkwa. Ezinhlobonhlobo zokudoba ogwini lolwandle, izikelemu zasolwandle nokunye zivame ukusetshenziswa. Izithako ezihlukahlukene, ngisho nezingavamile zisetshenziselwa ukudla. Kanye nokudla kwemifino, i-shellfish nenyama yenhlanzi kusetshenziswa.
Izindawo zokudoba kanye nezindawo zokuhlala
Ama-mullet asakazwa kabanzi emanzini afudumele olwandle. Indawo yokuhlala iphinde ithwebule indawo epholile. Izinhlanzi aziyi kude olwandle, ngakho kufanele zibanjwe eduze nogu. Ikakhulukazi izinhlobo eziningi zihlala esifundeni sase-Indo-Pacific. ERussia yaseYurophu, isifunda esithakazelisa kakhulu sokubamba i-mullet yi-Azov-Black Sea. Kunezimo ezaziwayo zokubamba izinhlanzi eBaltic, kodwa lokhu kuhlukile.
Ukuzalela
Ukuvuthwa kwezinhlanzi kwenzeka eminyakeni engu-6-8 ubudala. Ukuzala kwenzeka ngesikhathi esifudumele. Esifundeni seMedithera-Black Sea: ngoJuni-Septhemba. Ukuzala kwenzeka emathelweni esihlabathi ashisayo. I-pelargic caviar.