Okuqukethwe
Ama-Mackerel umndeni omkhulu, ongawodwa wezinhlanzi zasolwandle ze-oda elifana ne-perch. Umndeni wonke uvalelwe ezizukulwaneni eziyi-15, okukhona kuzo okungenani izinhlobo ezingama-40. Ngaphambi kokuchaza izici ezijwayelekile zomndeni kanye nezinhlanzi ezithandwa kakhulu, kufanelekile ukuphawula ukuthi kunezinhlobo eziningana zezinhlanzi, izici zazo ezichazwe kwezinye, izihloko ezihlukene. Eziningi ziyizindebe ezinhle kakhulu futhi ngokuvamile abantu baya ngaphesheya koMhlaba ngenjongo yokudoba olwandle kuzo. Kukhona umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwezinhlanzi ezithile zomndeni, kodwa ngenxa yokuba khona kwezinhlobo eziphakathi, zihlanganiswa zibe umndeni owodwa. Lesi sihloko sinikeza izici nezindlela zokudoba izinhlobo eziningana ezifanayo, ezibizwa ngokuthi ama-mackerel. Zihlala ezindaweni ezehlukene, kodwa izindawo zokusabalalisa zingase zidlulelane. Iqembu le-mackerel livame ukuhlanganisa izinhlobo ezimbili ezihlobene eduze: ama-mackerel ashisayo kanye namaqiniso. Wonke ama-mackerel anezici ezibonakalayo - lokhu kungumzimba we-valky one-peduncle ye-caudal emincane, ecindezelwe eceleni. Ukuma kwemizimba, amaphiko kanye nokuba khona kwama-keels kubonisa ukuthi ama-mackerel amaningi angababhukudi abahle kakhulu. Kuyiqiniso elaziwayo ukuthi kwezinye izinhlobo izinga lokushisa lomzimba liphakeme kancane kunelendawo ezungezile. Umlomo uphakathi, ufakwe amazinyo amancanyana, ahlanganisa nalawo asolwangeni kanye ne-vomer. Ubukhulu bezinhlobo eziningi ze-mackerel bufika ku-70 cm. Lezi yizinhlanzi ze-pelargic, ezifunda esikoleni ezingahlotshaniswa nephansi kukho konke ukuphila kwazo.
Izindlela zokubamba i-mackerel
Izinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobo zezinhlanzi, ubukhulu kanye nezindlela zokuphila zisho izindlela ezahlukene zokudoba. Cishe wonke ama-mackerel ayizinhlobo zentengiso. Izinhlanzi ezifana ne-king mackerel, i-tuna nezinye izinhlobo zezilwane zibanjwa izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zokudoba olwandle okuzilibazisa, okufana ne-trolling, i-spinning tackle yokudoba i-“plumb” kanye ne-“cast”, ukukhukhuleka nokunye. Kuyafaneleka ukucacisa futhi ukuthi lesi sihloko sixoxa ngezinhlobo ze-mackerel ezinobukhulu obuncane. I-mackerel encane, evamile ngasogwini lwaseRussia, njenge-bonito, ingabanjwa nge-multi-hook tackle isebenzisa izinduku "ezine-running rig" ngisho nangezintambo ezilula kakhulu zokuntanta. Njengoba kunikezwe izimo zokuba khona kwama-mackerel, izinhlanzi eziningi zalolu hlobo zibanjwa eduze kwamanzi. Kubalandeli be-fly-fishing mackerel i-mackerel nayo iyinto ethakazelisayo kakhulu yokudoba.
Ukubamba i-mackerel ngokuphotha
Uma ukhetha igiya lokudoba ku-classic spinning rod yokudoba i-mackerel, kuhle ukuthi uqhubeke nomgomo "wosayizi we-bait + usayizi we-trophy". Ukwengeza, okuhamba phambili kufanele kube indlela - "olwandle" noma "ukudoba ogwini". Imikhumbi yasolwandle ilungele ukudoba ngokusonta, kodwa kungase kube nemikhawulo lapha. Lapho ubamba izinhlobo zobukhulu obuphakathi, izinto zasolwandle “ezingathi sína” azidingeki. Nakuba kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi ngisho nezinhlanzi ezisezingeni eliphakathi zimelana ngokuqinile futhi lokhu kunikeza injabulo enkulu kubadobi. Ama-mackerel agcinwa ezingxenyeni ezingaphezulu zamanzi, ngakho-ke, ukudoba ngezicucu zakudala kuthakazelisa kakhulu izinduku zokuphotha ezivela emanzini olwandle: ama-spinner, ama-wobblers, njalonjalo. Ama-reels kufanele abe nokutholakala okuhle kwentambo yokudoba noma intambo. Ngaphandle kwe-braking system engenazinkinga, ikhoyili kufanele ivikelwe emanzini anosawoti. Ezinhlotsheni eziningi zemishini yokudoba olwandle, izintambo ezisheshayo ziyadingeka, okusho isilinganiso esiphezulu segiya lomshini wokusonga. Ngokomgomo wokusebenza, amakhoyili angaba kokubili kokuphindaphinda futhi angabi ne-inertial. Ngokuvumelana nalokho, izinduku zikhethwa ngokuya ngesistimu ye-reel. Ukukhethwa kwezinduku kuhluke kakhulu, okwamanje abakhiqizi banikeza inombolo enkulu "yezikhala" ezikhethekile ezimweni ezihlukahlukene zokudoba kanye nezinhlobo ze-bait. Uma udoba ngezinhlanzi zasolwandle eziphothayo, indlela yokudoba ibaluleke kakhulu. Ukuze ukhethe i-wiring efanele, kuyadingeka ukuthintana nabadobi abanolwazi noma abaqondisi.
Ukudoba i-mackerel ku-"self-righteous"
Ukudoba "umashiqela", naphezu kwegama, okusobala ukuthi livela eRussia, kusakazeke kakhulu futhi kusetshenziswa abadobi emhlabeni wonke. Kukhona umehluko omncane wesifunda, kodwa isimiso sokudoba siyefana yonke indawo. Futhi, kufanelekile ukuqaphela ukuthi umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwama-rigs kunalokho uhlobene nobukhulu benyamazane. Ekuqaleni, ukusetshenziswa kwanoma yiziphi izinduku akuzange kunikezwe. Inani elithile lentambo lilinyazwa ku-reel yokuma okungahleliwe, kuye ngokujula kokudoba, kungaba amamitha angamakhulu amaningana. I-sinker enesisindo esifanele esingafika ku-400 g ilungiswa ekugcineni, ngezinye izikhathi nge-loop ngezansi ukuze kuvikeleke i-leash eyengeziwe. Ama-leashes agxiliwe entanjeni, ngokuvamile, ngenani lezicucu ezingaba ngu-10-15. Ama-leashes angenziwa ngezinto zokwakha, kuye ngokuthi kuhloswe ukubamba. Kungaba i-monofilament noma impahla yokuhola yensimbi noma ucingo. Kufanele kucaciswe ukuthi izinhlanzi zasolwandle “azinasici” ebukhulu bemishini, ngakho-ke ungasebenzisa ama-monofilaments aqinile (0.5-0.6 mm). Mayelana nezingxenye zensimbi zemishini, ikakhulukazi izingwegwe, kufanelekile ukukhumbula ukuthi kufanele zimbozwe nge-anti-corrosion coating, ngoba amanzi olwandle agqwala izinsimbi ngokushesha okukhulu. Enguqulweni "yakudala", "umashiqela" uhlome izinti, ezinezimpaphe ezinemibala enamathiselwe, izintambo zoboya noma izingcezu zezinto zokwenziwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-spinners amancane, ubuhlalu obumisiwe ngaphezu kwalokho, ubuhlalu, njll. Ezinguqulweni zanamuhla, lapho uxhuma izingxenye zemishini, ama-swivel ahlukahlukene, izindandatho, nokunye kuyasetshenziswa. Lokhu kwandisa ukuguquguquka kwe-tackle, kodwa kungalimaza ukuqina kwayo. Kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa izinto ezinokwethenjelwa, ezibizayo. Emikhumbini eyisipesheli yokudoba “kumashiqela”, kungase kuhlinzekwe amathuluzi akhethekile angaphakathi ebhodini emishini yokudoba. Lokhu kuyasiza kakhulu lapho udoba ekujuleni okukhulu. Uma ukudoba kwenzeka eqhweni noma esikebheni, emigqeni emincane, khona-ke ama-reels ajwayelekile anele, angasebenza njengezinduku ezimfushane. Uma usebenzisa ama-side rods anezindandatho zokufinyelela noma izinti zokuphotha zamanzi anosawoti amafushane, inkinga ivela kuwo wonke ama-hook ama-multi-hook amathuluzi aphumayo lapho edlala inhlanzi. Lapho ubamba izinhlanzi ezincane, le nkinga ixazululwa ngokusebenzisa izinduku ezinamasongo angama-6-7 m ubude, futhi lapho ubamba izinhlanzi ezinkulu, ngokunciphisa inani lezintambo "zokusebenza". Kunoma yikuphi, lapho ulungiselela i-tackle yokudoba, i-leitmotif eyinhloko kufanele ibe lula futhi ibe lula ngesikhathi sokudoba. "I-Samodur" ibizwa nangokuthi imishini ye-multi-hook esebenzisa i-nozzle yemvelo. Umgomo wokudoba ulula kakhulu: ngemva kokwehlisa i-sinker endaweni eqondile ukuze ifinyelele ekujuleni okunqunywe kusengaphambili, i-angler yenza ama-twitches wokudonsa ngezikhathi ezithile, ngokomgomo wokukhanya okuqondile. Endabeni yokulunywa okusebenzayo, lokhu, ngezinye izikhathi, akudingekile. "Ukuhlaliswa" kwezinhlanzi ezingwegweni kungenzeka lapho wehlisa izinto zokusebenza noma ekujikeni komkhumbi.
Amahubo
Izinhlobo eziningi ze-mackerel zidla kakhulu, nakuba zingezona izilwane ezidla ezinye. Ukudoba okuhlukahlukene kusetshenziselwa ukudoba, ikakhulukazi, ama-wobblers, ama-spinner, ukulingiswa kwe-silicone asetshenziselwa ukudoba ukuphotha. Kusuka ku-baits yemvelo, ukusikwa kwezinhlanzi nenyama ye-shellfish, ama-crustaceans nokunye kuyasetshenziswa. Ukudoba ngamagiya e-multi-hook ngokuvamile kuhilela ukusetshenziswa "kwamaqhinga" alula avela ezintweni ezithuthukisiwe. Uma usebenzisa imishini yokudoba impukane, kusetshenziswa i-arsenal enkulu yezimpukane nemifudlana yobukhulu obuncane naphakathi.
Izindawo zokudoba kanye nezindawo zokuhlala
Njengoba sekushiwo kakade, kunezinhlanzi eziningi nezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene emndenini. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yikuphi, futhi kusukela kumagama endawo, ezincwadini zesayensi, inani eliphawulekayo lezinhlobo zezilwane zibizwa ngokuthi i-mackerel enenkomba yokubophezela kwesifunda, isibonelo, i-mackerel yaseJapane, i-mackerel yase-Atlantic, njalonjalo. Ukwehlukahlukana okukhulu kunakho konke kubonwa emanzini afudumele asezindaweni ezishisayo nezishisayo e-World Ocean. Kodwa, isibonelo, i-mackerel yase-Atlantic ihlala emanzini apholile oLwandle iMedithera noLwandle Olumnyama, njll. Ngaphezu kwalokho, indawo yokusabalalisa le nhlanzi ifinyelela eNyakatho neBaltic Seas.
Ukuzalela
Isikhathi sokuzala kwe-mackerel singahluka kakhulu hhayi kuphela esifundeni, kodwa futhi kuye ngezimo zemvelo. Abantu basenyakatho babonakala ngesikhathi sokuzala kwentwasahlobo-ehlobo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuye ngezimo zezulu zonyaka othile, izinhlanzi zingafudukela ezindaweni ezinomoya ofudumele. Lapho kubanda, shintshela ekujuleni okukhulu. Njengoba sekushiwo kakade, izinhlanzi "aziboshiwe phansi", ngakho-ke zonke izinqubo zokuphila zixhomeke kuphela ekushiseni kwamanzi, kuhlanganise nemisinga olwandle lwendawo yokuhlala. Ogwini, izinhlanzi zifika ngesikhathi sangaphambi kokuzala kanye nesikhathi sokuzala, ngenjongo yokukhuluphalisa, njengasendaweni yolwandle ehlalwa ngenkuthalo izinhlobo zefolishi. Ama-mackerel avuthwa ngokocansi eneminyaka engu-2-4. Kwezinye izinhlobo zezilwane, izinsikazi zingazala kabili ngonyaka, okuvumela lezi zinhlobo ukuba zigcine umlingiswa omkhulu ngokwanele.