Okuqukethwe
Ama-stingrays yiqembu elibaluleke kakhulu lezilwane zasolwandle ngokwezinhlobo zezinhlobo. Ama-stingray abizwa ngokuthi i-superorder of cartilaginous fish, ehlanganisa imindeni engaba ngu-15 kanye nenqwaba yezizukulwane. Bonke bahlanganiswe ukubukeka okungavamile nendlela yokuphila. Izinhlobo eziningi ziphila olwandle, kodwa kukhona namanzi ahlanzekile. Izinhlanzi zibonakala ngomzimba oyisicaba kanye nomsila omude ofana nesiswebhu. Ohlangothini olungenhla kunamehlo nama-spritzes - izimbobo zokuphefumula ezifakwe ama-valve lapho izinhlanzi zidonsa amanzi emanzini. Ama-gill plate ngokwawo, umlomo namakhala angaphansi kwenhlanzi, evame ukuba mhlophe ngombala. Uhlangothi lwangaphandle lwezinhlanzi lunemibala evikelayo ehambisana nezimo zokuphila. Izikali kuma-stingrays ziyancishiswa noma ziguqulwe zibe uhlobo oluthile olubizwa ngokuthi i-placoid. Ngaphandle, ifana namapuleti ane-spike, eyenza isakhiwo esingavamile, kuyilapho isikhumba sinokuthungwa okungavamile. Ngokuvamile ukukhishwa kwale nhlanzi kuhlotshaniswa nokusetshenziswa kwesikhumba se-stingray emikhiqizweni ehlukahlukene. Ubukhulu bezinhlanzi, ngokulandelana, buhluka kakhulu kusuka kumasentimitha ambalwa kuya ku-6-7 m ubude. Njengazo zonke izinhlanzi ze-cartilaginous, ama-stingray anesimiso sezinzwa esithuthuke kakhulu esixhunywe ngokuqondile nezitho zezinzwa. Ezinye izinhlobo zama-stingray zingaba yingozi kubantu ngenxa yokuba khona kwe-spike ebukhali emsileni. Futhi umndeni wemisebe kagesi unesitho abangakhubaza ngaso ngokukhishwa kukagesi. Indawo yokuhlala yama-stingray ithatha amanzi azo zonke izilwandle, kusukela e-Arctic nase-Antarctic kuya olwandle olushisayo. Ama-stingray amaningi aphila impilo ye-benthic, kodwa kukhona nezinhlobo ze-pelargic. Badla izilwane ezingaphansi: ama-mollusks, ama-crustaceans nezinye, i-pelargic - plankton. Abadobi baseRussia abahlala engxenyeni yaseYurophu baziwa kakhulu ngezinhlobo ezimbili zama-stingrays ahlala emanzini esifundeni sase-Azov-Black Sea: i-stingray (ikati lasolwandle) kanye ne-sea fox.
Izindlela zokubamba ama-stingrays
Ngokucabangela indlela yokuphila, indlela eyinhloko yokubamba ama-stingray igiya eliphansi. Isici esibalulekile ekukhethweni kwemishini ubukhulu bezinto ezidliwayo kanye nezimo zokudoba. Ukuze ubambe izinhlanzi zasolwandle Olumnyama ezinosayizi ophakathi, kusetshenziswa i-tackle, amandla ayo ahlotshaniswa, kunalokho, nebanga lokuphonsa nokusebenza. Ngokuvamile, wonke "amadonki" alula kakhulu futhi aklanyelwe ukubamba izinhlobo eziningana zezinhlanzi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-stingrays ayizilwane ezizingelayo futhi ngesikhathi sokuzingela okusebenzayo asabela emithonjeni yokuphotha kanye nama-fly-fishing streamer.
Ukubamba ama-stingray egiyeni elingezansi
Ukuze ubambe ama-stingray, kuye ngesifunda, amagiya ahlukene angasetshenziswa. Kuya ngosayizi wokubamba. Ngokuqondene nokudoba eningizimu yeRussia, ama-anglers amaningi akhetha ukubamba ama-stingrays ogwini ngezinduku ezingaphansi "ezide". Ngamagiya aphansi, kusetshenziswa izinduku ezihlukahlukene ezine-"running rig", lezi zingaba yizinduku ezikhethekile "zokusefa" nezinduku ezihlukahlukene zokuphotha. Ubude nokuhlolwa kwezinduku kufanele kuhambisane nemisebenzi ekhethiwe nendawo. Njengezinye izindlela zokudoba olwandle, asikho isidingo sokusebenzisa izinsimbi ezintekenteke. Lokhu kungenxa yezimo zokudoba kanye nekhono lokubamba inhlanzi enkulu futhi ephilayo. Ezimweni eziningi, ukudoba kungenzeka ekujuleni okukhulu namabanga, okusho ukuthi kuba nesidingo sokuqeda intambo isikhathi eside, okudinga imizamo ethile ngokomzimba ngasohlangothini lomdobi kanye nezidingo ezikhulayo zamandla okubamba kanye nama-reels. , ngokuqondene. Ngokomgomo wokusebenza, amakhoyili angaba kokubili kokuphindaphinda futhi angabi ne-inertial. Ngokuvumelana nalokho, izinduku zikhethwa ngokuya ngesistimu ye-reel. Ukuze ukhethe indawo yokudoba, udinga ukuxhumana nabadobi bendawo abanolwazi noma abaqondisi. Ukudoba kwenziwa kangcono ebusuku, kodwa ama-stingray athambekele ekuzivikeleni, ngakho-ke ukuhlala eduze kwezinduku ubusuku bonke akudingekile. Lapho udoba, ikakhulukazi ebusuku, kufanelekile ukukhumbula ukuqaphela lapho ubamba izinhlanzi ngenxa yama-spikes.
Amahubo
Lapho udoba ngezinsimbi ezihlukahlukene ezingaphansi, isiyengo esihle kunazo zonke ogwini loLwandle Olumnyama sibhekwa njengesiyengo esibukhoma esivela ezinhlanzini ezincane zasogwini. Kulokhu, izinkunzi zendawo ezisezingeni eliphakathi zibanjwa kusenesikhathi njalo njalo. Kubalulekile ukugcina izinhlanzi ziphila kulo lonke uhambo lokudoba. Njengoba sekushiwo, ama-stingray angabanjwa “njenge-bycatch” ekudobeni ukuphotha nokundiza. Izici zokudoba okunjalo zincike kakhulu ezimweni zendawo kunakwinhlanzi ethile.
Izindawo zokudoba kanye nezindawo zokuhlala
Ukuhlukahluka kwezinhlobo ze-stingray kuqiniswa indawo yokuhlala ebanzi. Izinhlanzi zitholakala kuzo zonke izilwandle ngezinga elikhulu noma elincane. Inombolo enkulu yezinhlobo cishe ingeyezindawo ezishisayo nezishisayo. Izinhlanzi zihlala ekujuleni okuhlukene futhi ziphila impilo ehlukahlukene. Ngokuvamile sondela ngasogwini. Izinhlobo ze-pelargic zidla i-plankton, futhi, ngokuyizingela, ziphishekela ebubanzini bezilwandle. Izinhlobo zamanzi ahlanzekile zihlala emifuleni yase-Asia naseMelika.
Ukuzalela
Imisebe, njengoshaka, inezinhlobo ezihlukene zokuzalana. Abesifazane banezitho zangaphakathi zangasese ezinesibeletho sakudala. Ngokuvundiswa kwangaphakathi, izinhlanzi zibeka ama-capsules amaqanda noma zizala ama-fry asevele akhiwe.