Ukubalwa okuningi kungaba khona emzimbeni, kwesinye isikhathi kutholakala ngengozi ngesikhathi se-x-ray. Azihlali ziluphawu lokugula okuyisisekelo, kepha kwesinye isikhathi zidinga uphenyo olwengeziwe lapho umongo womtholampilo usikisela lokho. Izincazelo.

Ukubalwa okungaphakathi komzimba kungamakristalu amancane kasawoti we-calcium akhona ezingxenyeni ezahlukahlukene zomzimba, eduze kwemithambo, imisipha, imisipha, esifubeni, ukhalo oluncane. Kubonakala ku-radiography, axhumene ne-microtrauma, ukucasuka okungapheli noma ukuvuvukala, ukukhiqizwa ngokweqile kwe-calcium ngumzimba, inqubo yokuphulukisa engajwayelekile noma ukuguga okulula kwezicubu. Akubona bonke abafakazela isifo futhi kaningi abubuhlungu futhi batholwa ngengozi ngesikhathi sokucabanga njenge-x-ray, i-CT scan noma iMagnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). 

I-Microcalcifications ingachaza ubuhlungu obungapheli obufana nalokhu:

• ubuhlungu lapho uhambisa ihlombe (tendonitis);
• ube uphawu lomdlavuza webele (kodwa hhayi njalo);
• bonisa i-atherosclerosis yemithambo (imithambo yegazi yenhliziyo, i-aorta, i-carotids);
• ukuhlukumezeka kwemisipha endala noma kwethenda.

Abanye abananhloso ethile yokugula, ngaphandle kokuguga kwezicubu. Ubukhona babo bungaba buhlungu, kepha kaningi kunalokho, ama-microcalcization awabuhlungu.

Ukuba khona kokubalwa ehlombe kuvamile, ngoba kuthinta i-10% yabantu. Akuhlali kuhlotshaniswa nobuhlungu, kepha lapho kukhona ubuhlungu behlombe ngesikhathi sokunyakaza nokubala, ukuxilongwa kwe-tendonitis yokubala kungenziwa. 

Ubuhlungu buhlobene nokucasuka kwethenda ngesikhathi sokunyakaza nge-microcalcification, leyo ye-bursa ngenhla kwethenda lehlombe (iphakethe le-fluid) noma ukungqubuzana kwethenda kumigqa kanye nethambo kule ndawo. (i-acromion). 

Le tendonitis yokubala ingaphola ngokuzenzekelayo ezinyangeni eziyi-12 noma eziyi-16. Kepha ngemuva kokuhlola ngomfanekiso, kwesinye isikhathi kudinga ukungenelela kwasendaweni ukususa ukubala (ukushaqeka kwamagagasi ukwahlukanisa ukubalwa, ukungenelela kokuhlangana kwehlombe ngokuchoboza nokususa ukubala).

Ukubalwa kwesifuba (kwamabele) kujwayelekile futhi iningi alihlobene nomdlavuza. Zibonakala njengezinqwaba ezimhlophe ezincane noma amachashazi amancane amhlophe (ama-microcalcification) ezithombeni ze-X-ray. Kujwayelekile kubantu besifazane abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-50, bangaxhunyaniswa nezici eziningana.

Ukubalwa kwesibalo esimhlophe, esingajwayelekile esimhlophe

Lokhu kungahlotshaniswa:

• Ukuguga kwemithambo;
• Ukuphulukiswa kokuminyaniswa kwamabele ngesikhathi sengozi ngokwesibonelo;
• Ukwelashwa komdlavuza webele kubandakanya ukuhlinzwa nokwelashwa ngemisebe
• Ukutheleleka kwezicubu zesifuba (i-mastitis);
• Uquqaba olungenawo umdlavuza njenge-adenofibroma noma ama-cysts.

Okwenziwe nge-microcalcification: umdlavuza webele ongaba khona, ikakhulukazi uma uvela ngendlela yamaqoqo.

Udokotela anga-oda i-mammogram entsha ngokucindezelwa okwenziwe endaweni, i-biopsy noma i-mammogram entsha ezinyangeni eziyisithupha.

Ukuba khona kwama-calcification emithanjeni kukhombisa idiphozi ye-calcium kuma-atheromatous plaque akhona odongeni lwemithambo (i-atherosclerosis). Lokhu kufakazela ukuguga kwezindonga zomgogodla, la macwecwe azokwakha ukuvuvukala kwasendaweni okukhuthaza ukufakwa kwe-calcium. Imithambo ethintekayo yile atherosclerosis ebaliwe ingaba yimithambo yegazi (imithambo yenhliziyo), i-aorta, imithambo ye-carotid, kepha nayo yonke imithambo (i-atheroma ejwayelekile). 

Izingozi zokutholakala kwale atheroma ebalwayo ikakhulukazi zenhliziyo (i-infarction, i-coronary insufficiency, ukuqhekeka kwe-aortic aneurysm, njll.) Kanye ne-neurological (cerebrovascular accident stroke). 

Lokhu kubalwa okubonakalayo kuma-x-ray kuyindlela yamadiphozithi amhlophe eceleni kwemithambo. I-Angina pectoris (ubuhlungu esifubeni ngesikhathi sokuzivocavoca umzimba) ngesinye sezimpawu.

Ngenhlanhla, kunesifo esingavamile kakhulu sezakhi zofuzo, isifo samadoda, esitholwe eFrance kubantu abangama-2500 futhi namuhla sithinta abantu abangaba ngu-89. Ikhubaza kakhulu, ngoba ibangela ukuqhuma okuqhubekayo kwezicubu ezithile (imisipha, imisipha, njll.). 

Ukuxilongwa kwenziwa ekuhloleni ngokomzimba naku-x-ray okukhombisa ukungajwayelekile kwethambo.

Okwamanje azikho ezinye izindlela zokwelapha ngaphandle kwalezo zezimpawu, kepha ithemba lilele ekwakhiweni nasekugcwalisekeni kwezindlela zokwelapha zofuzo ngokuzayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, okwamanje akukho ukuhlolwa kwesifo ngaphambi kokubeletha.

Ekugcineni, ukubalwa kungabonwa ku-radiography imvamisa kulandela ukungenelela kokuhlinzwa kuthumbu nesisu ngaphandle kokukhathazeka.