Ucabanga ukuthi kuzokwenzekani uma ungadli lutho ngaphandle kwazo zonke izinhlobo zenyama nemikhiqizo yobisi? Uzofa esikhathini esingangonyaka. Kwenzekani uma udla kuphela ukudla kwe-vegan noma imifino, imifino, izithelo, okusanhlamvu, okusanhlamvu, amantongomane, nembewu? Ngokuqinisekile uzoba nempilo enhle kakhulu kunabantu abaningi.
Leli qiniso kufanele libe yisiqalo sokuqonda ukuthi yikuphi ukudla okuhle nokungekona. Ngakho uma othile ekutshela ukuthi inyama ibalulekile, ungaqiniseka ukuthi lo muntu akazi ukuthi ukhuluma ngani. Uyazazi izimo lapho umuntu obhemayo obhema njengoshimula ngokuzumayo eba uchwepheshe omkhulu wezempilo uma kuziwa endabeni yokudla imifino. Impilo yiyona nto ebakhathaza kakhulu abazali abangadli imifino lapho izingane zabo zinquma ukuyeka ukudla inyama. Abazali bakholelwa ukuthi izingane zabo zizoba buthakathaka noma zigule ngenqwaba yezifo ngaphandle komthamo wansuku zonke wamaprotheni ezilwane ezifile. Eqinisweni, kufanele bajabule, ngoba bonke ubufakazi bubonisa ukuthi imifino ihlale inempilo kakhulu kunalabo abadla inyama. Ngokwemininingwane yakamuva, okuhlanganisa nombiko weWorld Health Organization, abantu abadla inyama badla ngokuphindwe kabili amnandi futhi kathathu ngaphezulu okunamafutha ukudla okudingwa ngumzimba. Uma sicabangela iminyaka yobudala kusukela eminyakeni engu-11 kuya ku-16, khona-ke kule minyaka izingane zidla ukudla okungenampilo okuphindwe kathathu. Isibonelo esihle sokudla okunamafutha kanye noshukela i-cola, i-hamburger, ama-chips и ukhilimu oyiqhwa. Uma lokhu kudla kuwukudla okuyinhloko, khona-ke kubi mayelana nokuthi izingane zidlani, kodwa futhi lokho abangakutholi ekudleni okunjalo. ake sicabangele i-hamburger nokuthi yiziphi izinto eziyingozi eziqukethe. Phezulu ohlwini kunamafutha ezilwane agcwele - wonke ama-hamburger aqukethe iphesenti eliphezulu kakhulu lala mafutha. Amafutha ahlanganiswe enyameni egayiwe ngisho noma inyama ibonakala ithambile. Ama-chips nawo avame ukuthoswa ngamafutha ezilwane futhi afakwe kuwo ngesikhathi sokupheka. Lokhu-ke akusho ukuthi wonke amafutha awukudla okungenampilo - konke kuncike ekutheni udla luphi uhlobo lwamafutha. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zamafutha - amafutha angagcwalisiwe, atholakala ikakhulukazi emifino, namafutha agcwele, atholakala emikhiqizweni yezilwane. Amafutha angagcotshisiwe Kunenzuzo kakhulu emzimbeni kunaleyo egcwele, futhi inani elithile lazo liyadingeka kunoma yikuphi ukudla. Amafutha aqinisiwe akudingekile, futhi mhlawumbe okunye okubaluleke kakhulu okutholakele okuhlobene nempilo yomuntu, yiqiniso lokuthi amafutha ezilwane agcwele athinta ukuthuthukiswa kwesifo senhliziyo. Kungani ibaluleke kangaka? Ngoba isifo senhliziyo siyisifo esibulala kakhulu emazweni aseNtshonalanga. Inyama nenhlanzi nakho kuqukethe into ebizwa nge-cholesterol, kanti le nto, kanye namafutha, iyimbangela yesifo senhliziyo. Amafutha angenayo i-unsaturated njengomnqumo, i-sunflower namafutha ommbila, ngokuphambene nalokho, asiza ukunciphisa ukuvala imithambo yegazi ngamafutha ezilwane. Ama-hamburger, cishe yonke imikhiqizo yenyama, aqukethe izinto eziningi eziyingozi, kodwa awanazo izinto eziningi ezibalulekile emzimbeni, njengefayibha namavithamini amahlanu abalulekile. Izicubu ziyizinhlayiya eziqinile zezithelo nemifino umzimba ongakwazi ukuzigaya. Aziqukethe izakhamzimba futhi zidlula emthonjeni zingashintshiwe, kodwa zibaluleke kakhulu emzimbeni. Imicu ivumela udoti wokudla ukuthi ukhishwe ngaphakathi. I-fiber yenza umsebenzi webhulashi elihlanza amathumbu. Uma udla ukudla okuncane okune-fibrous, khona-ke ukudla kuzohamba isikhathi eside ngaphakathi kwesistimu yokugaya ukudla, kuyilapho izinto ezinobuthi zingaba nomthelela omkhulu emzimbeni. Ukuntuleka kwe-fiber kuhlanganiswe nokusetshenziswa okukhulu amafutha ezilwane kuholela esifweni esibulalayo esinjengomdlavuza wamathumbu. Ucwaningo lwezokwelapha lwakamuva luphinde lwahlonza amavithamini amathathu asiza ukuvikela umzimba ezifweni ezicishe zibe ngu-60, okuhlanganisa nezifo ezibulalayo njengesifo senhliziyo, ukukhubazeka nomdlavuza. Ivithamini А (kuphela ekudleni kwezitshalo), amavithamini С и Е, ezibizwa futhi ama-antioxidants. Lawa mavithamini akhipha ama-molecule abizwa ngokuthi ama-radicals mahhala. Umzimba uhlale ukhiqiza ama-radicals mahhala ngenxa yokuphefumula, ukuzivocavoca, ngisho nokugaya ukudla. Ziyingxenye yenqubo ye-oxidation, inqubo efanayo eyenza insimbi igle. La ma-molecule awabangeli ukuthi umzimba ugle, kodwa asebenza njengama-hooligan angalawuleki, azulazula emzimbeni, agqekeze amangqamuzana futhi awabhubhise. Ama-Antioxidants akhipha ama-radicals mahhala futhi amise imiphumela yawo eyingozi emzimbeni, okungaholela ezifweni. Ngo-1996, izifundo ezingaba ngu-200 zaqinisekisa izinzuzo ze Antioxidants. Isibonelo, i-National Cancer Institute kanye ne-Harvard Medical School bathola ukuthi ukuthatha amavithamini A,C и Е ngezithelo nemifino emisha, singanciphisa ingozi yomdlavuza nesifo senhliziyo. Lawa mavithamini asiza ngisho nasekugcineni ukusebenza kobuchopho ekugugeni. Kodwa-ke, awekho kulawa ma-antioxidants amathathu atholakala enyameni. Inyama iqukethe ivithamini encane noma ayinawo Д, elawula amazinga e-calcium egazini, noma i-potassium, ethuthukisa ukujiya kwegazi. Okuwukuphela komthombo walezi zinto ezibalulekile empilweni izithelo, imifino nokukhanya kwelanga, kanye nebhotela. Eminyakeni edlule, kuye kwenziwa ucwaningo oluningi lwesayensi mayelana nendlela ukudla okuhlukahlukene okuthinta ngayo inhlalakahle yomuntu. Lezi zifundo zibonise ngaphandle kokungabaza ukuthi ukudla kwemifino noma i-vegan kungcono kakhulu empilweni yomuntu. Ezinye zalezi zifundo ziqhathanise ukudla kwamashumi ezinkulungwane zabantu ezindaweni ezikude njengaseShayina naseMelika, eJapan naseYurophu. Olunye lwezifundo ezibanzi kakhulu nolwakamuva lwenziwa e-UK yiNyuvesi yase-Oxford, futhi imiphumela yokuqala yanyatheliswa ngo-1995. Lolu cwaningo lwahlola abantu abangu-11000 abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-13 ubudala futhi lwafinyelela esiphethweni esimangalisayo sokuthi abantu abadla imifino bayabakha. 40% umdlavuza ambalwa futhi 30% babe nezifo zenhliziyo ezimbalwa futhi mancane amathuba okuba bafe ngokuzumayo ngemva kokuguga. Ngawo lowo nyaka e-United States, iqembu lodokotela elibizwa ngokuthi iKomiti Yabelaphi lavela nemiphumela emangalisayo nakakhulu. Baqhathanise cishe izifundo eziyikhulu ezehlukene ezenziwa ezingxenyeni ezihlukene zomhlaba, futhi ngokusekelwe emininingwaneni bafinyelela esiphethweni sokuthi abadla imifino 57% ingozi ephansi yesifo senhliziyo kanye 50 % okuqukethwe kwamanzi izifo zomdlavuza. Bathole nokuthi abantu abadla imifino mancane kakhulu amathuba okuthi babe nomfutho wegazi ophakeme, kodwa nalabo abanomfutho wegazi ophezulu basathanda ukwehla. Ukuze baqinisekise abazali, laba dokotela bathola nokuthi ubuchopho babantu abadla imifino abancane bukhula ngendlela evamile. Izingane zemifino, ezineminyaka eyishumi, zivame ukusheshisa ukukhula kwengqondo, ngokungafani nabadla inyama abaneminyaka efanayo. Izimpikiswano ezanikezwa i-Committee of Therapists zazikholisa kangangokuthi uhulumeni wase-US wavuma ukuthi “abadla imifino banempilo enhle kakhulu, bathola zonke imisoco edingekayo futhi ukudla imifino kuwukudla okufanele kwezakhamuzi zase-United States.” Ingxabano evame kakhulu yabantu abadla inyama ephikisana nalolu hlobo lokutholwa ukuthi abantu abadla imifino banempilo enhle ngoba bayaphuza futhi babheme kancane, yingakho ucwaningo luveze imiphumela emihle kangaka. Akulona iqiniso, njengoba izifundo ezinjalo ezibucayi zihlale ziqhathanisa amaqembu afanayo abantu. Ngamanye amazwi, abantu abangaphuzi bemifino kuphela nabadla inyama ababamba iqhaza ezifundweni. Kodwa awekho kulawa maqiniso angenhla angavimba imboni yenyama ekukhangiseni inyama njengokudla okunempilo emhlabeni. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi lokhu akulona iqiniso, konke ukukhangisa kwenza abazali bakhathazeke. Ngithembe, abakhiqizi benyama abayidayisi inyama ukuze benze abantu baphile, bakwenzela ukwenza imali eningi. Kulungile, yiziphi izifo ezitholwa abantu abadla inyama abangazitholi? Azikho ezinjalo! Kuyamangalisa, akunjalo? “Ngaphenduka umuntu odla imifino ngenxa yokukhathazeka ngezilwane, kodwa ngathola nezinye izinzuzo engangingazilindele. Ngaqala ukuzizwa ngingcono - ngaba nokuvumelana nezimo, okubaluleke kakhulu kumsubathi. Manje angisadingi ukulala amahora amaningi futhi ngiphaphame, manje ngizizwa ngiphumule futhi ngijabule. Isikhumba sami sesithuthukile futhi senginomdlandla kakhulu manje. Ngiyakuthanda ukudla imifino.” UMartina Navratilova, Umpetha Wethenisi Womhlaba.