Ukuqunjelwa isilonda esikhumbeni ngaphandle kwesilonda. Kuwumphumela wokushaqeka, ukushaywa, ukuwa noma ukuhlukumezeka. Isikhathi esiningi, akubi bucayi.

Ukuqunjelwa kuwumphumela wokushaywa, ukushaqeka, ukuwa noma ukucindezelwa. Kuyisilonda esikhumbeni, ngaphandle kokudabuka kwesikhumba noma isilonda. Siphinde sikhulume ngokulimala noma ukulimaza, uma kwenzeka ukopha ngaphansi kwesikhumba; noma i-hematoma uma isikhwama segazi sakha, okubangela ukuvuvukala. Kuyenzeka uthole inxeba noma kuphi emzimbeni. Kodwa-ke, izindawo ezithile zivame ukuthinteka kakhulu: amadolo, ama-shins, izindololwane, izandla, izingalo, njll.

Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zemihuzuko:

• ukuqunjelwa kwemisipha okuthinta imisipha yemisipha futhi imele izimo eziningi;
• ukuqubuka kwethambo okuwukulimala kwethambo ngaphandle kokuphuka, okuvame ukuhlotshaniswa nokopha okuncane kwangaphakathi;
• ukuqubuka kwamaphaphu okuthinta amaphaphu, ngaphandle kokubhobozwa, ngemva kokulimala kanzima esifubeni;
• i-cerebral contusion ebangela ukucindezelwa kobuchopho, kulandela ukushaqeka okukhulu ekhanda.

Ezimweni eziningi, lokhu kungukuhlangana kwemisipha noma kwamathambo. Ngokuvamile ukulimala ngaphandle kobunzima obubonakalayo. Angase athathwe ngokungathi sína kuye ngendawo kanye nokuqina kokushaqeka. Ezimweni ezingavamile, kulandela ukushaqeka okunobudlova ikakhulukazi, i-sprain noma ukuphuka kungase kuhlotshaniswe nokuphazamiseka. Endabeni ye-pulmonary or cerebral contusion, ukungenelela kwezokwelapha kuyadingeka.

Izimbangela eziyinhloko zokuqunjelwa yilezi:

• ukushaqeka (umthelela entweni, ukuwa kwento onyaweni, njll.);
• imivimbo (iqembu lezemidlalo, ukulwa nemidlalo, ukulwa, njll);
• ukuwa (izingozi zasekhaya, umzuzu wokunganakwa, njll.).

Umthelela ubangela ukulimala ezithweni zesifunda esilimele:

• imicu yemisipha;
• imisipha;
• imithambo yegazi emincane;
• iziphetho zezinzwa;
• njll

Ukungqubuzana kungenzeka noma nini. Abanye abantu basengozini yokuquleka, njengabasubathi abashaya amagalelo kanye nokushaqeka noma asebekhulile, abangaba sengozini yokuwa.

Ukuxubana kwemisipha kungadala lezi zimpawu ezilandelayo:

• indawo ezwela ukuthinta, ngisho nobuhlungu;
• ubuhlungu obungenzeka ngesikhathi sokunyakaza;
• ukuvuvukala okuncane;
• ukungabi khona kwesilonda;
• Ukuguqulwa kwesikhumba okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, uma kukhona noma kungekho ukopha ngaphansi kokuhlangana.

Ukuqunjelwa kwamathambo kungaba buhlungu kakhulu uma ulwelwesi oluvale ithambo (periosteum) luvuvukala.

Ukuqunjelwa kwamaphaphu kungabangela ukuphelelwa umoya, ukuphefumula kanzima, ubuhlungu besifuba, ukukhwehlela nokukhwehlela igazi.

Ukuxakaniseka kobuchopho kuvame ukufaka ukopha kanye ne-edema. Ubunzima bawo buncike ezingeni nendawo yesilonda.

Ezikhathini eziningi, ukuquleka kuyisifo esibuhlungu esizipholisa ngokwaso ezinsukwini ezimbalwa, ngaphandle kokubangela izinkinga. Kungadinga ukunakekelwa kwasendaweni okufana nokubulala amagciwane nokuthatha imithi yezinhlungu. Isikhathi esiningi, akudingi ukungenelela kukadokotela. Ukuzilapha kungenzeka ngeseluleko sikasokhemisi. Uma kungekho ngcono ngemva kwezinsuku ezintathu zokuzilapha, kubalulekile ukubonana nodokotela.

Kungenzeka ukubeka izinyathelo zokukhulula izimpawu ngenkathi isilonda sixazulula. Ukwelashwa kufanele kwenziwe ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka (amahora angama-24 kuye kwangama-48 ngemuva kokuquleka) futhi kuzosuselwa ku:

• yonke imisipha ethintekile: asikho isisindo ejoyintini elithintekile, izinduku noma izilingi uma ukukhubazeka kudinga lokho;
• ukusetshenziswa kwamakhaza ukuze kuncishiswe ubuhlungu nokuvuvukala: ukufakwa kwe-compress ebandayo ehlanganiswe ngendwangu imizuzu engu-20 izikhathi eziningana phakathi nosuku olulandela ukushaqeka;
• ukuminyanisa: ukugoqa indawo ebuhlungu ngebhandeshi, i-splint noma i-orthosis;
• ukuphakamisa indawo elimele ngaphezu kwezinga lenhliziyo ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala;
• ukusetshenziswa okungenzeka kwe-analgesic yomlomo noma ukusetshenziswa kwejeli le-analgesic;
• ukuthatha izidakamizwa zomlomo noma zendawo zokuqeda ukuvuvukala nokuvimbela ukuvuvukala.

Kuyadingeka ukubonisana uma:

• uma ukuhamba noma ukunyakaza kunzima noma kungenakwenzeka;
• uma kwenzeka kwakhiwa isikhwama segazi;
• uma indawo elimele iba bomvu, ishisa futhi ibuhlungu;
• uma isitho sivuvukele noma sikhubazekile;
• uma kukhona ukushaya kweso noma indawo yayo, kungaholela ekopheni kwangaphakathi noma ukuhlukaniswa kwe-retina;
• esimweni sokuhlangana kwamaphaphu noma kobuchopho;
• uma kwenzeka ungabaza ngokuthi kungenzeka yini i-sprain noma ukuphuka;
• uma kungekho ngcono ngemva kwezinsuku ezintathu zokuzilapha.

Amacala achazwe ngenhla awawona ajwayelekile. Isikhathi esiningi, ukungqubuzana akudingi ukungenelela kukadokotela.