I-bone metastasis iyithumba lesibili eliyingozi emathanjeni. Kubangelwa ukusabalala kwamaseli omdlavuza asuka kwenye indawo yomzimba. Ukuthuthukiswa kwama-metastases amathambo kudinga ukulawulwa ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka.

Incazelo ye-bone metastasis

I-metastasis ukukhula komdlavuza okukude nesimila sokuqala. Amaseli omdlavuza ahlukana nesimila esiyinhloko futhi aqoqe ezinye izicubu noma izitho zomzimba. Sikhuluma nge-metastasis yamathambo noma i-skeletal metastasis lapho amathambo ethintekayo.

I-metastasis yamathambo ingachazwa njengesimila esiyingozi sesibili ethanjeni. Ihlukaniswa nomdlavuza wamathambo wemvelaphi eyinhloko noma eyinhloko, ngokwencazelo, iqala emathanjeni. I-metastasis yamathambo kufanele ibhekwe njengenkinga yomunye umdlavuza emzimbeni.

Ama-metastases amathambo angathinta ithambo elilodwa noma ngaphezulu. Angabonakala kunoma yiliphi ithambo lohlaka lwamathambo. Nokho, amanye amathambo athinteka kakhulu. Ama-metastases amathambo avame ukubonakala kuma-vertebrae (amathambo omgogodla), izimbambo, ithambo le-hip, ithambo lesifuba kanye nogebhezi.

Ukuthuthukiswa kwama-metastases amathambo kuthinta impilo yamathambo. Njengesikhumbuzo, ithambo liyizicubu ezingaguquki ezihlale zimuncwa futhi zishintshwa. Emdlavuzeni wamathambo, lokhu kubhalansi kuyaphazamiseka. I-metastasis yamathambo ingabonakaliswa yizi:

• ukwakheka ngokweqile kwamangqamuzana amathambo, okuvame ukwenza amathambo aminyene kakhulu;
• ukubhujiswa ngokweqile kwamangqamuzana amathambo, okuthinta ukwakheka kwamathambo futhi kuwenze abe brittle.

Izinkinga ze-bone metastases

Ama-metastase amathambo ayi-foci yomdlavuza yesibili ekugxilweni okuyinhloko noma okuyinhloko. Ikakhulukazi zingalandelana ekukhuleni komdlavuza webele, wendlala yesinye, wamaphaphu, wezinso noma wegilo. 

Ukuxilongwa kwe-bone metastasis

Ebhekene nobuhlungu bamathambo kanye nokuba khona komdlavuza oyinhloko, udokotela angase asole ukuthuthukiswa kwama-metastases amathambo. Ukuxilongwa kungajula futhi kuqinisekiswe yilokhu:

• ukuhlolwa kwegazi;
• ukuhlolwa kwezithombe zezokwelapha;
• i-biopsy (ukuthatha izicubu ukuze zihlolwe).

Abantu abathintekayo yi-bone metastasis

Ama-metastases amathambo akhula kubantu abanomdlavuza oyinhloko noma oyinhloko kwenye indawo yomzimba.

Ubuhlungu be-Bone

Ubuhlungu emathanjeni kuwuphawu oluvame kakhulu lwe-bone metastasis futhi ngokuvamile uphawu lokuqala oluqaphelayo. Izici zobuhlungu ziyahlukahluka kuye kwelinye icala. Angase abe:

• okuqhubekayo noma okuphakathi;
• isithulu noma ephilayo;
• okwendawo noma ukusakazeka.

Ubuhlungu bethambo buvame ukuba bubi kakhulu ngobusuku obubodwa, futhi bungase buhambisane nokuvuvukala endaweni ethintekile.

Ezinye izimpawu ezingenzeka

Ubuhlungu bethambo bungabuye buhambisane nezinye izimpawu ezifana nalezi:

• ukulahlekelwa ibhalansi;
• ubuthakathaka nokuba ndikindiki;
• ukuphuka;
• ukuphazamiseka kokugaya ukudla (ukuqunjelwa, isicanucanu);
• ukulahlekelwa ukudla;
• ukoma okukhulu;
• isidingo sokuchama njalo.

Ukusekelwa kuyehluka kuye ngecala. Kuncike ikakhulukazi emathanjeni athintekile, ukuvela kwe-bone metastase kanye nesimo somuntu othintekayo. Umehluko ungenziwa phakathi kokwelashwa okuhloselwe ukulawula ukukhula komdlavuza kanye nokwelashwa okuhloselwe ukukhulula izimpawu ezibangelwa ama-metastases.

Ukwelashwa kwama-metastases

Izindlela zokwelapha eziningana zingacatshangelwa ukucekela phansi amangqamuzana omdlavuza:

• radiotherapy, ehlanganisa izimila irradiating;
• i-chemotherapy encike kumakhemikhali.

Sekela ukwelashwa

Izindlela zokwelapha ezimbalwa ezisekelayo zinganikezwa kuye ngecala:

• echaza ama-bisphosphonates noma i-denosumab, izidakamizwa ezinciphisa ukuwohloka kwamathambo;
• ukunquma imithi yobuhlungu njengezidakamizwa ezingezona ukuvuvukala kanye nama-opioid;
• ukuhlinzwa ngenxa yokuphuka noma lapho ithambo libuthakathaka kakhulu;
• usimende wethambo ukuvimbela ukuphuka kanye / noma ukukhulula ubuhlungu bokuphuka.

Ukuvimbela ama-metastase amathambo okokuqala futhi okubaluleke kakhulu mayelana nokunciphisa ingozi yokusabalalisa umdlavuza oyinhloko. Kulokhu, ukutholwa kusenesikhathi nokuphathwa ngokushesha kubalulekile.