Ukuphazamiseka kokuziphatha kubonakala ngesenzo noma ukusabela, okungesona isimo sengqondo esifanele. Angavezwa ngezindlela ezihlukene (ngokweqile noma ngokuzenzakalelayo) futhi abheke imikhakha eyahlukene: ukudla, imizwa, ucansi ...

Ukuziphatha kungachazwa njengendlela yokwenza noma indlela yokuziphatha ekuphileni kwansuku zonke. Ngakho-ke yigama elivame kakhulu elingenayo incazelo “yesayensi”. “Ukuphazamiseka kokuziphatha kuhlotshaniswa nezimo zenhlalo noma zamasiko futhi kufakazela ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo,” kuchaza uDkt Marion Zami, onguchwepheshe bokulutha. Kungase kubangele ukungahlaliseki, ulaka, ukuphazamiseka kokuphoqeleka (OCD), ukuphazamiseka kokudla (i-anorexia, i-bulimia, njll.), ukuba matasa ngokweqile, ukuba umlutha (utshwala, ugwayi, ezinye izidakamizwa, njll. ukudlala, umsebenzi, ucansi, izikrini…) noma ama-phobias."

Ukuze kutholakale ukuthi kunjalo, ngakunye kwalokhu okudidayo kufanele kubangele ushintsho olubalulekile emtholampilo ekusebenzeni komphakathi, kwezemfundo noma kochwepheshe. Lezi zinkinga zingavela nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sokuphila, kusukela ebuntwaneni kuze kube umuntu omdala.

kwemikhuba yokudla

Ukuphazamiseka kokuziphatha kokudla (noma i-TCA) kubonakaliswa ngokuziphatha okuphazamisayo kokudla. Izinhlobo ezimbili zakudala zalezi TCA ziyi-bulimia ne-anorexia.

I-bulimia ibonakala ngokuzumayo, isifiso esingalawuleki sokudla inani elikhulu kakhulu lokudla ngaphandle kokukwazi ukuyeka. “Uma abantu bezama ukugcina isisindo sabo njalo, ukudla ngokweqile kungahambisana nokuhlanza. Sizobe sesikhuluma nge-bulimia evimbelayo noma i-bulimia yokuhlanza, ukuphikisana ne-hyperphagic bulimia lapho ingekho khona indlela yokubuyisela ”, kucacisa udokotela.

Endabeni ye-anorexic disorder (ebuye ibizwe ngokuthi i-anorexia nervosa), abantu, ngokuvamile abaneminyaka ephakathi kwe-14 ne-17, baxakeke ngomqondo wokukhuluphala futhi bazibekele imingcele eqinile nehlala njalo yokudla. "Lesi sifo singahlala izinyanga ezimbalwa noma iminyaka", kunezela uchwepheshe. Ngokungafani nabantu abane-bulimic disorders, abanesifo sokuzincisha ukudla banciphisa umzimba njalo baze bafake ukuphila kwabo engozini.

Izikhathi ze-bulimia ne-anorexia zingashintshana kumuntu ofanayo. Lezi zinkinga, ngokuvamile ezibangelwa ukungakhululeki okujulile, zinakekelwa amaqembu ahlukahlukene ngaphakathi kwezinsizakalo zezifo zengqondo.

Izinkinga zemizwelo

Ukuphazamiseka kwemizwa (okubuye kubizwe ngokuthi ukuphazamiseka kwemizwa noma ukuphazamiseka kwemizwelo) kubonakala ngokuyinhloko ukuphazamiseka kwesimo. Umuntu onenkinga yemizwa uzwa imizwa engemihle kakhulu futhi isikhathi eside kunabantu abaningi. Unobunzima bokufeza izibopho zakhe zomsebenzi, zomndeni kanye nezenhlalo.

Izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu zalesi sifo yilezi:

• I-Depression (noma i-depressive disorder): Umuntu onokucindezeleka ubhekana nemizwa engemihle kakhulu futhi isikhathi eside kunabantu abaningi. Ukuthola kunzima ukulawula imizwelo yakhe futhi angase abe nomuzwa wokuthi ukuphila kwakhe kulinganiselwe ebuhlungwini obungapheli. Umuntu uzithola esenkingeni ngokuzibophezela kwakhe emsebenzini, emndenini nakwezenhlalo.

Izinkinga zokuziphatha ngokocansi

Ukukhathazeka kuwumzwelo ovamile, kodwa esimweni sokuphazamiseka kokukhathazeka, kungenza kube nzima ukuphila ngendlela evamile. “Ukukhathazeka ngokusebenza kocansi noma izinkinga zobudlelwane obuhlobene, njengokusondelana noma ukwaliwa umlingani, kungabangela ukuphazamiseka kwezocansi nokugwema ubulili,” kusho uDkt. Zami.

Okunye ukuphazamiseka kokuziphatha ngokocansi: ukulutha ngokocansi. “Kubonakala ngokuziphatha ocansini okuphindaphindwayo nokuhluleka ukuzibamba, ukufisa ukubaphazamisa ngaphandle kwempumelelo nemiphumela engemihle kumuntu nasezihlotsheni zakhe. Abantu abathintekayo baningi abesilisa, amadoda amathathu kuya kwayisihlanu kowesifazane, osezingeni eliphezulu lemfundo, iningi elishadile ”, uqhubeka.

Ama-Paraphilias nawo ayingxenye yokuphazamiseka kokuziphatha kocansi. "Zibonakala ngemicabango evusa imicabango yokuya ocansini, izinkanuko zocansi noma isimilo esenzeka ngokuphindaphindiwe nangokujula, futhi okubandakanya izinto ezingaphili, ukuhlupheka noma ukuhlazeka wena noma umlingani womuntu, izingane noma abanye abantu abangavumeli," kuchaza umlamuli wethu. Izifo ezivame kakhulu ze-paraphilic yi-pedophilia, i-voyeurism, i-exhibitionism, i-frotteurism, i-masochism yocansi, i-sadism yocansi, i-fetishism, i-transvestism.

Izinkinga zokuziphatha zingaba zabathile (ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo okuguquguqukayo…) okuxhunyaniswe nokuqagela komndeni okuqinile okuholela ekubeni sengozini kwemizwa nokungakwazi ukulawula imizwa yakhe. Kungase futhi kubangele ukushaqeka ngokomzwelo (ukuhlukana, ukuchayeka odlameni, izinkinga zezezimali), ukuhlukumezeka ekhanda noma kube uphawu lwesinye isifo njengesibonelo isifo se-febrile (umalaleveva, i-sepsis), i-Alzheimer's noma isimila sobuchopho.

Imvamisa kungudokotela wezifo zengqondo yengane (uma kuyingane) noma udokotela wezifo zengqondo (wabantu abadala) ozohlola izinkinga zokuziphatha ngemuva kokwenza ukuhlolwa okuphelele. “Ngaphandle kwalezi zimpawu, udokotela uzophinde acabangele umlando wesiguli wezempilo nowomndeni, nezici zemvelo yaso,” kusho uDkt. Zami.

Eminye imithi ingaba usizo. Kuzo zonke izimo, ukulandelwa kwengqondo noma nokugula kwengqondo kuyadingeka. Amanye amasu anjenge-hypnosis, i-cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), i-naturopathy, ukuzindla kunganikeza impumuzo.