Okuqukethwe
I-Balm iyi-concentrated alcohol infusion esekelwe ezimpandeni namakhambi. Amandla alesi siphuzo semifino afinyelela ku-40-45%. Cishe wonke ama-balms asetshenziswa kwezokwelapha, hhayi embonini ye-gastronomic. Athengiswa ngamabhodlela e-ceramic aminyene avikela uketshezi emisebeni ye-ultraviolet nomoya. Ukugxila okuncane kwe-balm kwengezwa kuma-cocktails otshwala, amakhekhe, ukudla okulula noma izitsha ezinkulu. Kubalulekile ukuthi ungayidluli ngengxenye ye-balm, ngaphandle kwalokho isidlo sizothatha isici "somuthi" wokunambitha.
Odinga ukukwazi mayelana ne-balm, yiziphi izindlela zokupheka ezizofaneleka kuzo, yikuphi ukubaluleka kwalesi siphuzo ekhadini lotshwala futhi njengomuthi?
Izici ezijwayelekile zomkhiqizo
I-Balm - i-tincture yotshwala esekelwe kumakhambi owodwa noma amaningi okwelapha [1]. Izithako zezilwane zengezwa kwezinye izinhlobo ze-balm (isibonelo, izimpondo zenyamazane noma uju lwezinyosi). Umkhiqizo uhlukaniswa njengeziphuzo ezidakayo ezinamandla, njengoba ukuhlushwa kotshwala kuwo kungamaphesenti angama-40-45. [2]. Uketshezi lunokunambitheka okukhethekile "kwe-balsamic", okuqukethe amafutha aphunga, amakhambi kanye nembewu. Kunezithako ezingaphezu kuka-40 kuzindlela zokupheka zakudala ze-balm. Ukuhlanganisa ngokulinganayo ishumi nambili lamakhambi okwelapha ahlukene, imbewu nezimpande kunzima impela, ngakho-ke iresiphi yesiphuzo ngokuvamile igcinwa iyimfihlo.
I-assortment kanye nenani lokukhiqizwa kweziphuzo zemithi yemithi mincane. Umuntu akakuthandi ukunambitheka okugxilile kotshwala, kuyilapho abanye bengabaza amakhono abo okwelapha futhi bakhetha imithi yendabuko. Njengoba wazi, isidingo sidala ukunikezwa, ngakho-ke i-balm ithatha ingxenye encane yemakethe.
Inothi le-Etymological: igama lithuthele kwisiRashiya lisuka eJalimane. Igama lesiJalimane elithi "das Balsam" lisuka kude lisuka kwelesiLatini elithi "Balsamum" nelesiGrikhi elithi "βάλσαμον", elibolekwe emthonjeni wesi-Arabhu.
Imininingwane yomlando
Kunezinguqulo eziningana zemvelaphi ye-balm. Enye yazo ixhumene kakhulu nempilo yamaqaba. Kukholakala ukuthi i-prototype ye-alcohol liquid yesimanje "suriya". Lesi yisiphuzo sasendulo samaqaba, esenziwe abathakathi namagi avela emakhambi akhethekile okwelapha. Nokho, le nguqulo iphikiswa amaqiniso omlando anokwethenjelwa. Iziphuzo ezigxiliswe kakhulu ezisekelwe otshwaleni nezithako zemithi zavela e-Rus kamuva kakhulu.
Umlando we-balm waqala kuphela phakathi nekhulu le-1752. Ngalesi sikhathi, usokhemisi waseRiga u-Abraham Kunze wadala "i-balm yesimangaliso". Usokhemisi wathatha izindlela zokupheka ezindala zama-herbal tinctures njengesisekelo. Wathuthukisa kancane iresiphi, wafuna inhlanganisela evumelanayo yezitshalo zokwelapha isikhathi eside, ngemva kwalokho wadala inhlanganisela ephelele yokunambitheka, amandla kanye nezakhiwo eziwusizo. I-balm ithole igama le-autobiographical - "Kunze". Ngo-XNUMX, uketshezi lokwelapha lwethulwa ku-Empress Catherine II. UCatherine wawazisa amabhalsamu ngokufaneleka kwawo kwangempela futhi wayala ukuba lenze ngezinga lezimboni.
Kamuva, Kunze yashintshwa yaba Riga Black Ibhalsamu, nakuba iresiphi yayo yahlala cishe ingashintshiwe. Inguqulo yesimanje ye-balm yavela ngo-1874 ngenxa yemizamo yemboni yaseRiga u-Albert Wolfschmidt. Eminyakeni embalwa kamuva (ngo-1900) kwakhiwa imboni edumile yaseLatvijas Balzams. [3]. Ngo-1939, ukukhiqizwa kweRiga Balsam kwamiswa ngokuphelele: umndeni, owathatha ukukhiqizwa futhi wagcina iresiphi yomkhiqizo, waya eJalimane.
Ochwepheshe beSoviet bazama ukubuyisela iresiphi elahlekile. Ekusesheni, baphendukela ekuphekeni kwesintu futhi bakha ukuhlukahluka okuningana okusha koketshezi lotshwala lokwelapha. [4]. Ngo-1950, iresiphi yendabuko yabuyiselwa, futhi inqwaba yezinhlobonhlobo ze-balm yethulwa ekusetshenzisweni kwezimboni. Izinga lama-balms angaziwa ngaphambilini labuzwa, kodwa i-Riga balm yendabuko yayiyingxenye enkulu yokuthengisa.
Izinhlobo zomkhiqizo ezaziwayo:
- I-Riga emnyama [5];
- Ussuri
- I-balm ye-Bittner;
- "Eyingqayizivele";
- I-Fernet Stoke;
- "Krasnaya Polyana";
- I-Becherovka
- UFernet Branca.
Izici eziwusizo zesiphuzo esidakayo
Lokhu ukumnika utshwala kuyinqolobane yangempela yezinto eziwusizo. Iqukethe ama-organic acid, amavithamini, amaminerali, amaprotheni, amafutha, ama-carbohydrates nama-tannins avela emakhambi okwelapha. [6]. I-balm ibhekwa njengohlobo lwamandla e-herbal. Kuyasiza ukukhulula ukukhathala, ukuvumelanisa umsebenzi womzimba ngesikhathi sokucindezeleka okukhulu ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo. Kwesinye isikhathi uketshezi lusetshenziswa njenge-aperitif ukuze kwandiswe amathe kanye nesifiso sokudla ngaphambi kwesidlo esikhulu.
Njenge-prophylaxis yezifo ezibangelwa amagciwane kanye nezifo ezithathelwanayo, ukumnika okudakayo kusetshenziswa kanye netiye noma uju. Izinkezo ezimbalwa zanele ukuqinisa isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela ezifweni, ukuthuthukisa imfihlo yokujuluka kanye ne-expectoration ye-sputum kusuka ku-bronchi.
Emisebenzini yezokwelapha yendabuko, i-balm ayisetshenziswa, kodwa emithini yesintu, i-balm ibhekwa njengenye yemithi esebenza kakhulu yezinto eziphilayo. Ngosizo lwayo, bavikela umzimba esifweni se-gallstone, bapholise futhi baqinise izinhlelo zezinzwa nezenhliziyo, bathuthukise ukusebenza kwepheshana lesisu futhi bavumelanise izinqubo ze-metabolic. [7].
Ezinye izinhlobo ze-balm zisiza ukuqeda ukuphazamiseka kokulala, i-hyperexcitability kanye nokuntuleka kwamandla. [8]. Ngokuvamile, isiphuzo sinqunyelwe isikhathi se-postoperative ukuze kuncishiswe umthwalo emzimbeni futhi kusize ukubuyisela izinga elivamile lokusebenza.
Njengendlela yokuvimbela, lokhu kufakwa kwe-herbal alcohol kunqunyelwe:
- isisu;
- isifo se-peptic ulcer;
- i-dyskinesia;
- ukuphazamiseka kwamathumbu;
- ubuhlungu bemisipha kanye nobuthakathaka emalungeni;
- izakhiwo eziphansi zokuvikela amasosha omzimba;
- izifo ezinzima zokuphefumula, i-tonsillitis.
Umthamo onconywayo wokuvimbela womuntu omdala onempilo ungamamililitha angama-20-30 otshwala ngosuku. Ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukuyisebenzisa ngezinjongo zokwelapha, kungcono ukubonana nodokotela ukuze ungalimazi umzimba.
Ukulimala okungenzeka ku-tincture ye-herbal
Ukwakhiwa kwesiphuzo kungabandakanya izingxenye ezingaphezu kuka-40. Ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi awuguquki kunoma yiziphi izingxenye ze-balm, ngaphandle kwalokho imiphumela yobunzima obuhlukahlukene ayikwazi ukugwenywa.
Umthetho oyinhloko - ungasebenzisi kabi i-tincture [9]. Uma uphuza ngezinhloso zokwelapha noma ze-prophylactic, qiniseka ukuthi uthintana nodokotela. Uma uyiphuzela ukuzijabulisa, bese uqondiswa imizwa yakho noma umane uthembele ku-bartender onolwazi.
Utshwala bunqatshelwe kwabesifazane abakhulelwe nabancelisayo, intsha engaphansi kweminyaka engu-18, kanye nabantu abadala abanenkinga yezinso / isibindi.
Izici zokuqamba
I-Balm ngokuvamile iyisiphuzo esinezingxenye eziningi. Cishe zonke izithako zayo ziwumsuka wezitshalo, ngakho-ke kunzima kakhulu ukukhetha ukwakheka okuvumelanayo: kuningi kakhulu ukunambitheka okuphinyisiwe namaphunga.
Ibhalsamu alibizwa nje ngokuthi isiphuzo esinezingxenye eziningi, kodwa futhi izingxenye zalo ngazinye. I-resin enephunga elimnandi evela ezinhlotsheni ezithile zezihlahla noma amafutha emifino aminyene abizwa ngaleli gama. Ukucaciswa kwesiphuzo kunquma ukwakheka kwaso, nokuthi, futhi, izinzuzo. Yini evame ukungezwa kuma-balms?
| Uphiko | Izici nezakhiwo eziwusizo |
|---|---|
| Badian | Isithelo esomisiwe sesitshalo esiqhakaza, esisetshenziswa njengesinongo. Isiza ukubhekana ne-pathologies yesistimu yokuphefumula, imfiva, izifo zepheshana lesisu. |
| I-anise eluhlaza | Imbewu eyomile yesitshalo sonyaka. Zinezinto zokubulala amagciwane, zithuthukisa ukuphuma kwamathumbu / ukuhambahamba, futhi zisule imigudu yomoya. Kunconywa ukuthi kusetshenziselwe ukuncelisa, i-colic, i-flatulence, i-gastritis kanye ne-pathologies ye-pancreas. |
| cardamom | Izithelo zesitshalo se-herbaceous, ezibhekwa njengesinye sezinongo ezibiza kakhulu emhlabeni. I-Cardamom isusa kahle i-mucus emzimbeni, ngakho-ke isetshenziselwa kakhulu i-bronchitis, isifuba somoya, ukukhwehlela kanye nemikhuhlane. I-spice ingasetshenziswa njengendlela yokuhlanzeka emgodini womlomo nokuphefumula: inciphisa i-microflora ye-pathogenic kanye nephunga elibi. |
| Ukukhonkotha kwe-Oak | Khipha egxolweni lezinkuni. Ngosizo lwayo, baphatha ulwelwesi lwamafinyila lomlomo womlomo (ngokwesibonelo, nge-stomatitis) futhi baqede ukuphazamiseka kwamathumbu. |
| Rosemary | I-Rosemary ijwayele ukugaya, iqinise ukufinyela kwenhliziyo futhi ikhuphule umfutho wegazi kafushane. Ingxenye inomphumela we-tonic ne-choleretic, ikhulula ukungezwani kwemizwa nokucindezeleka. Inemiphumela enenzuzo ekujikelezeni kwe-cerebral, umbono kanye nenkumbulo. |
| liqhakaze | Kufakwe ohlwini lwezinongo ezibiza kakhulu emhlabeni. Ulwazi seluvele emphakathini wesayensi mayelana nokusetshenziswa kwesafroni ekwelapheni izinhlobo ezibulalayo zomdlavuza. I-asidi ethile ihlukanisiwe nesipayisi, ebulala ngamabomu amangqamuzana omdlavuza esimila se-pancreatic. Futhi, izinongo ziyasiza ekubhekaneni nokucindezeleka. |
| zokhuni | Isitshalo sisiza ukuvimba ubuhlungu, siqinise imisebenzi yokuzivikela yomzimba futhi sivumelanise umsebenzi wezinso. Ijunipha isiza futhi ukukhulula ukuvuvukala futhi iqale inqubo yokuvuselelwa kwezicubu. |
| Eminyaka Eyinkulungwane | Inomphumela we-bactericidal, anti-inflammatory kanye ne-hemostatic. Isitshalo sisetshenziselwa ukulahleka kwegazi okuncane, i-pathologies yesisu kanye ne-biliary tract. |
| Angelica | Isitshalo somuthi esivusa isifiso sokudla, ukuvuthwa kwamathe, sisiza ukudla ukuthi kugaywe ngokushesha futhi kungene kangcono. Isetshenziswa njenge-diuretic ne-antispasmodic. |
| I-Peppermint | Lesi sitshalo sinomphumela we-vasodilating kanye ne-analgesic. Inomphumela we-choleretic, ivuselela ukugaya futhi isiza ukubuyisela ukuvumelana kwengqondo-ngokomzwelo. Isetshenziswa kakhulu njengomuthi we-herbal odambisayo. |
| I-Cinnamon | Isetshenziswa emithini yesintu neyendabuko. Amafutha abalulekile e-Cinnamon asiza ukubhekana nomkhuhlane kanye nezifo zemithambo. |
Ukusetshenziswa kwesiphuzo ekuphekeni
I-Balm ingasetshenziswa kuzo zonke izindlela zokupheka eziqukethe utshwala. Ngokuvamile, lezi ziphuzo zotshwala ezinephunga elimnandi zengezwa kuma-marinades, amasoso, ama-gravies, uketshezi lokubhaka, ukuthosa, ukupheka nokugcoba.
I-balm ihambisana kahle nezitsha zenyama nezinhlanzi, ungenza isoso noma i-marinade enhle kakhulu kubo. Into esemqoka ukuqapha ngokucacile umthamo wotshwala, ngoba akuwona wonke umuntu ozothanda ukunambitheka kwayo kwe-herbal-medicinal.
Futhi, lesi siphuzo esithile singafakwa kuma-pastries - kokubili okumnandi nosawoti. I-balm ayifaneleki kuphela ama-muffin noma ophaya, kodwa futhi nama-dessert abandayo. I-tiramisu yendabuko kanye ne-sabayon cream izobenyezela ngezici ezintsha ngokuphelele ngenxa ye-herbal tincture. Qala ukuhlola futhi uguqule ama-dessert ajwayelekile nokudla okulula kube ubuciko obusha be-gastronomic. Esinye isidlo esingahlukaniswa ne-alcohol tincture isobho. Utshwala kufanele bufakwe ekupheleni kokupheka, futhi ukugxila kwabo kufanele kuhluke ukunambitha.
Indlela yokuphuza i-balm njengesiphuzo esidakayo?
Ngendlela efanele yokusebenzisa i-balm, ukunambitheka kwayo okukhethekile kanye nomphumela wokumboza kuma-receptors kufihliwe. Isiphuzo kufanele sipholiswe kahle ngaphambi kokuphuza. Izinga lokushisa lapho ibhodlela lengilazi le-balm limbozwe nge-ice coating libhekwa njengento enhle, futhi isakhiwo sesiphuzo siba yi-viscous futhi sigcwele. Utshwala kufanele buthululelwe ezingilazini ezincane futhi buphuzwe ngama-sips amancane, bujabulele ukukhonza ngakunye, buhlukanise izingxenye zayo. Utshwala bemifino akudingekile ukuba buphucwe: ukudla kuzobulala umbono nokuhlanzeka kokunambitha, kodwa ugwayi uzoba umngane omuhle kakhulu wezingilazi ezimbalwa ze-balm.
Enye indlela evamile yokuphuza isiphuzo ihlanganiswe netiye noma ikhofi. Izinkezo ezimbalwa ze-balm (ezingasekho) zizosiza ukuthola izici ezintsha zeziphuzo ezijwayelekile. Kulesi simo, uzogwema ukudakwa, kodwa ulethe umzimba ube yithoni futhi uvuselele ngamandla engeziwe.
Emazweni aseNtshonalanga, ibhalsamu ngokuvamile isetshenziswa nezinhlobo eziningana zotshwala. Iklayenti linquma ukuthi lihlanganisa kanjani ukunambitheka, amandla kanye nokwakheka. Isibonelo, ungathela amaconsi ambalwa oketshezi lwemifino ku-vodka ukuze uhlukanise ukunambitheka kwayo, noma ku-whisky ukuze wengeze amagama amasha nakhanyayo.
Ukumnika utshwala bemifino kuvame ukungezwa kuma-cocktails. Okudume kakhulu yi-Black Night Dancer. Ilungiselelwe ngesisekelo se-Riga black balsam, isiraphu ye-blackcurrant, i-cola namaconsi ambalwa kalamula. Zonke izithako zixutshwe ku-shaker, zithululelwe engilazini ekhethekile futhi zihlotshiswe ngama-cherry.
- Imithombo ye
- ↑ Umagazini “Ubhiya neziphuzo”. - I-Nomenclature yezakhiwo zabathengi zama-balms.
- ↑ Isikhwama se-elekthronikhi semibhalo yezomthetho neyokulawula neyobuchwepheshe. – Imithethonqubo yezobuchwepheshe yeziphuzo ezidakayo.
- ↑ Iwebhusayithi esemthethweni yeLatvijas Balzams. – Ibhalsamu Elimnyama Elimnyama.
- ↑ Ijenali yesayensi ye-elekthronikhi “Izinkinga zanamuhla zesayensi nemfundo”. - Ukuthola ama-balms e-phytoadaptogenic asekelwe ezintweni ezingavuthiwe zemifino.
- ↑ Iwebhusayithi esemthethweni yeRiga Black Balsam. - Imvelaphi yebhalsamu emnyama yaseRiga.
- ↑ Ijenali yesayensi yezolimo yamazwe ngamazwe “Intsha Nesayensi”. – Amafutha, izakhiwo zokwelapha. Ikhwalithi yokulawula.
- ↑ Ijenali “Chemistry of plant raw materials”. - Izakhiwo ze-Antioxidant zemikhiqizo yezitshalo.
- ↑ Inethiwekhi yokuxhumana nososayensi i-ResearchGate. - Ocwaningweni lwe-antidepressant, anti-anxiety kanye ne-anti-migraine izakhiwo zenani lezingxenye ze "Riga Black Balsam".
- ↑ Ijenali “Umsebenzi Wosokhemisi”. – Amafutha: umuthi noma isikhumbuzo?