Okuqukethwe
I-asthmatic bronchitis yisifo se-allergic esithinta izitho zokuphefumula ezitholakala kakhulu endaweni ephakathi nendawo enkulu. Lesi sifo sinesimo esithathelwanayo-sokungezwani komzimba, esibonakala ngokukhuphuka kwe-mucus, ukuvuvukala kwezindonga ze-bronchial kanye ne-spasm yabo.
Akulungile ukuhlobanisa i-asthmatic bronchitis ne-asthma ye-bronchial. Umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwe-bronchitis ukuthi isiguli ngeke sihlaselwe yisifuba somoya, njengesifuba somoya. Nokho, ingozi yalesi simo akufanele ithathwe kancane, njengoba izazi zamaphaphu ezihamba phambili zibheka i-asthmatic bronchitis njengesifo esandulela isifuba somoya.
Ngokwezibalo, izingane zasenkulisa kanye neminyaka yokuya esikoleni zisengozini yokungenwa yi-asthmatic bronchitis. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi kulezo ziguli ezinomlando wezifo zokungezwani komzimba. Kungaba i-rhinitis, i-diathesis, i-neurodermatitis yemvelo eguliswayo.
Izinkinga ze-Asthmatic Bronchitis
Izimbangela ze-bronchitis ye-asthmatic zihlukahlukene, lesi sifo singavusa kokubili izifo ezithathelwanayo kanye nezifo ezingezona ezithathelwanayo. Ukutheleleka ngamagciwane, amabhaktheriya kanye nesikhunta kungabhekwa njengezici ezithathelwanayo, futhi izifo ezihlukahlukene lapho umuntu othile anozwela zingabhekwa njengezici ezingatheleleki.
Kunamaqembu amabili amakhulu ezimbangela ze-asthmatic bronchitis:
I-etiology ethathelwanayo yesifo:
Ngokuvamile, i-staphylococcus aureus iba imbangela yokuthuthukiswa kwe-bronchial pathology kulokhu. Iziphetho ezifanayo zenziwa ngesisekelo sokuvama kokugonywa kwayo kusukela ekusithekeni okuhlukaniswe yi-trachea ne-bronchi.
Kungenzeka ukuthuthukisa lesi sifo ngokumelene nesizinda sokutheleleka ngegciwane lokuphefumula, ngenxa yomkhuhlane, isimungumungwane, ukukhwehlela, inyumoniya, emva kwe-tracheitis, i-bronchitis noma i-laryngitis.
Esinye isizathu sokuthuthukiswa kwe-asthmatic bronchitis ukuba khona kwesifo esifana ne-GERD.
I-etiology engatheleleki yesifo:
Njengoba i-allergener ecasula izindonga ze-bronchi, uthuli lwendlu, impova yasemgwaqweni, nokuhogela izinwele zezilwane zivame kakhulu.
Kungenzeka ukuthuthukisa lesi sifo lapho udla ukudla okuqukethe ama-preservatives noma ezinye izinto ezingase zibe yingozi.
Ebuntwaneni, i-bronchitis yemvelo ye-asthmatic ingakhula ngokumelene nesizinda sokugoma uma ingane inokungezwani nayo.
Kukhona ithuba lokubonakaliswa kwesifo ngenxa yemithi.
Isici sofuzo akufanele sikhishwe, ngoba sivame ukulandelwa ku-anamnesis yeziguli ezinjalo.
Ukuzwela kwe-Polyvalent kungenye into eyingozi yokuthuthukiswa kwesifo, lapho umuntu enokuzwela okwenyuka kwezifo eziningana.
Njengoba odokotela ababheka iziguli ezine-asthmatic bronchitis bephawula, ukwanda kwalesi sifo kwenzeka kokubili ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza kwezitshalo eziningi, okungukuthi, entwasahlobo nasehlobo, nasebusika. Imvamisa yokukhushulwa kwalesi sifo incike ngqo kusizathu esinomthelela ekuthuthukisweni kwe-pathology, okungukuthi, engxenyeni ehamba phambili ye-allergies.
Izimpawu ze-Asthmatic Bronchitis
Lesi sifo sithambekele ekubuyeleni njalo, ngezikhathi zokuzola nokushuba.
Izimpawu ze-asthmatic bronchitis ziyi:
Ukukhwehlela kwe-Paroxysmal. Bavame ukwanda ngemva kokuzikhandla ngokomzimba, ngenkathi behleka noma bekhala.
Ngokuvamile, ngaphambi kokuba isiguli siqale okunye ukuhlasela kokukhwehlela, sibhekana nokucinana kwamakhala okungazelelwe, okungase kuhambisane ne-rhinitis, umphimbo obuhlungu, i-malaise emnene.
Ngesikhathi sokubhebhetheka kwesifo, ukwanda kwezinga lokushisa lomzimba kumazinga e-subfebrile kungenzeka. Nakuba ngokuvamile ihlala evamile.
Ngosuku ngemva kokuqala kwenkathi enzima, ukukhwehlela okomile kuguquka kube okumanzi.
Ukuphefumula kanzima, i-dyspnea yokuphefumula, ukushaywa umoya okunomsindo - zonke lezi zimpawu zihambisana nokuhlasela okukhulu kokukhwehlela. Ekupheleni kokuhlaselwa, i-sputum ihlukaniswa, emva kwalokho isimo sesiguli sizinzile.
Izimpawu ze-asthmatic bronchitis zibuya ngenkani.
Uma lesi sifo sicasulwa ama-allergies, khona-ke ukuhlasela kokukhwehlela kuyeka ngemuva kokuyeka isenzo se-allergen.
Isikhathi esinzima se-asthmatic bronchitis singathatha amahora ambalwa kuya emavikini ambalwa.
Lesi sifo singase sihambisane nokukhathala, ukucasuka nokwanda komsebenzi wezindlala zokujuluka.
Ngokuvamile lesi sifo senzeka ngokumelene nesizinda samanye ama-pathologies, njenge: neurodermatitis ye-allergic, hay fever, diathesis.
Lapho isiguli siba nokwanda kwe-asthmatic bronchitis, ayanda amathuba okuba nesifuba somoya somoya esikhathini esizayo.
Ukuxilongwa kwe-asthmatic bronchitis
Ukuhlonzwa nokwelashwa kwe-asthmatic bronchitis kungaphakathi kwamandla kadokotela we-allergist-immunologist kanye ne-pulmonologist, njengoba lesi sifo singenye yezimpawu ezibonisa ukuba khona kwe-systemic allergy.
Ngesikhathi sokulalela, udokotela uhlola ukuphefumula kanzima, ngokushaya ikhwelo okomile noma ama-rales aswakeme, kokubili amagwebu amakhulu futhi acolekile. Ukushaywa phezu kwamaphaphu kunquma ithoni yebhokisi yomsindo.
Ukuqhubeka nokucacisa ukuxilongwa, kuzodingeka i-x-ray yamaphaphu.
Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kubonakala ngokunyuka kwenani le-eosinophils, i-immunoglobulins E no-A, i-histamine. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ama-titers ahambisanayo ayancishiswa.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, isikhwehlela noma ukugeza kuthathwa isiko lebhaktheriya, okwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuhlonza i-agent engenzeka esithathelwanayo. Ukuze unqume i-allergen, ukuhlolwa kwesikhumba se-scarification kanye nokuqedwa kwayo kwenziwa.
Ukwelashwa kwe-asthmatic bronchitis
Ukwelashwa kwe-asthmatic bronchitis kudinga indlela yomuntu ngamunye esigulini ngasinye.
Ukwelashwa kufanele kube yinkimbinkimbi futhi kube kude:
Isisekelo sokwelashwa kwe-asthmatic bronchitis yemvelo ye-allergenic i-hyposensitization yi-allergen ehlonziwe. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuba unciphise noma uqede ngokuphelele izimpawu zesifo ngenxa yokulungiswa komsebenzi wokuzivikela komzimba. Ngenqubo yokwelashwa, umuntu ujova ngemijovo ye-allergen ngokunyuka kancane kancane kwemithamo. Ngakho-ke, amasosha omzimba avumelana nokuba khona kwawo njalo emzimbeni, futhi ayeke ukunikeza ukusabela okunobudlova kuwo. Umthamo ulungiswa ukuze ufike ezingeni eliphezulu elibekezelelwe, bese kuthi, okungenani iminyaka emi-2, ukwelashwa kwesondlo kuqhubeke nokwethulwa kwe-allergen ngezikhathi ezithile. I-hyposensitization eqondile iyindlela ephumelelayo yokwelapha ukuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwesifuba somoya ku-bronchitis ye-asthmatic.
Kungenzeka ukwenza ukungazweli okungaqondile. Ngenxa yalokhu, iziguli zinikezwa imijovo ye-histoglobulin. Le ndlela isekelwe ekuzweleni kwe-allergen kanjalo, hhayi ohlotsheni lwayo oluthile.
Lesi sifo sidinga ukusetshenziswa kwama-antihistamines.
Uma ukutheleleka kwe-bronchial kutholwa, khona-ke ama-antibiotic aboniswa, kuye ngokuthi ukuzwela kwe-mycobacterium etholiwe.
Ukwamukelwa kwama-expectorants kubonisiwe.
Lapho umphumela wokwelashwa okuyinkimbinkimbi ungekho, isiguli sinqunyelwe inkambo yesikhashana ye-glucocorticoids.
Izindlela zokwelapha ezisizayo ukusetshenziswa kwe-nebulizer therapy nge-sodium chloride kanye ne-alkaline inhalations, i-physiotherapy (UVR, i-electrophoresis yezidakamizwa, i-percussion massage), kungenzeka ukwenza ukwelashwa kokuzivocavoca, ukubhukuda kokwelapha.
I-prognosis ye-asthmatic bronchitis ehlonziwe futhi ilashwe ngokwanele ngokuvamile iyathandeka. Kodwa-ke, kufika ku-30% weziguli ezisengozini yokuguqula lesi sifo sibe yisifuba somoya.
Ukuvimbela i-asthmatic bronchitis
Izindlela zokuzivikela zifaka:
Ukuqedwa kwe-allergen ngokuguquguquka okuphezulu kwemvelo kanye nokudla esigulini (ukuqeda ikamelo kukhaphethi, ukuguqulwa kwamasonto onke kwelineni lokulala, ukukhishwa kwezitshalo nezilwane ezifuywayo, ukwenqatshwa kokudla okuphikisanayo);
Ukudlula kwe-hyposensitization (ethize futhi engaqondile);
Ukuqedwa kwe-foci yokutheleleka okungapheli;
ukuqina;
Aeroprocedures, ukubhukuda;
Ukubhekwa kwe-dispensary ku-allergist kanye ne-pulmonologist uma kwenzeka kuba ne-asthmatic bronchitis.