Okuqukethwe
I-bacterial bronchitis iyinqubo yokuvuvukala kolwelwesi lwamafinyila, noma ubukhulu bezindonga ze-bronchi, okubangelwa ama-bacterial agents. Ama-microorganisms we-Pathogenic abangela ukuvuvukala kwamagciwane ku-bronchi yi-staphylococci, i-streptococci, i-pneumococci, i-Haemophilus influenzae kanye nokukhwehlela.
I-bronchitis ye-bacteria ayiqali ngokushesha ngokuvuvukala kwezicubu ze-bronchial. Okokuqala, izifo ezithathelwanayo zithinta indlela yokuphefumula ephezulu - i-nasopharynx, trachea, tonsils futhi kancane kancane isakazeka ezingxenyeni ezingezansi zesimiso sokuphefumula, okubandakanya i-bronchi kule nqubo.
I-bacterial bronchitis ayiyona into eyinhloko, okungukuthi, ihlala ibonakala njengegciwane, futhi kuphela ngenxa yokuchayeka ezicini ezithile ezimbi lapho kuba nenkinga yebhaktheriya.
Izimpawu ze-bronchitis yebhaktheriya
Njengoba ukuthuthukiswa kwe-bronchitis yebhaktheriya kuhlale kuhambisana nokutheleleka ngegciwane, ukuqala kwalesi sifo kuzohambisana nezimpawu ezilandelayo:
Ukubonakala kokukhwehlela kwesifuba esiphansi;
Ukuminyana emakhaleni, ukuqunjelwa;
Ukwenyuka kwezinga lokushisa lomzimba kuya kumanani amaphakathi u38,5buXNUMXb(njengomthetho, umaki kuthermometer aweqi ku-XNUMX ° C);
Ukuguquka kancane kancane kokukhwehlela okomile kube manzi, okuvame ukwanda ebusuku;
Ukubukeka okuncane, kunzima ukuhlukanisa isikhwehlela.
Ngaphansi kwethonya lezici eziningi ze-provocateur, lesi sifo singashintsha sibe ifomu lebhaktheriya.
Kulokhu, izimpawu ze-bronchitis yebhaktheriya zivela:
Izinga lokushisa lomzimba likhuphukela kumanani aphezulu (uphawu olukwi-thermometer ludlula inani elingu-38,5) futhi luhlala izinsuku ezingaphezu kwezinsuku ezintathu;
Ukukhwehlela kuyaqina, kuhlukumeza isiguli hhayi ebusuku kuphela, kodwa nasemini;
Izimpawu ze-bronchitis ye-purulent zengezwe, ezivezwa ngokubukeka kokuphefumula kanye nesikhwehlela ngokufaka ubomvu negazi;
Ukujuluka kuyanda ebusuku;
Izimpawu ezikhulayo zokudakwa okujwayelekile komzimba ngokubandayo, ikhanda, ubuthakathaka, i-photophobia kanye ne-malaise;
Ukuphefumula kanzima kubonakala ngisho nokuzikhandla okuncane ngokomzimba.
Inkambo ende ye-bronchitis yebhaktheriya ingaholela ku-pneumonia yebhaktheriya, inyumoniya nokufa kwesiguli.
Izinkinga ze-bronchitis yebhaktheriya
Ukuthuthukiswa kwe-bronchitis yebhaktheriya kwandulelwa ukutheleleka ngegciwane, okungukuthi, lesi sifo singenzeka ngokumelene nesizinda somkhuhlane, i-SARS, nokutheleleka nge-adenoviruses. Uma isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela singakwazi ukubhekana nokutheleleka, noma singaphathwa kahle, khona-ke inkinga iphakama - i-bronchitis yebhaktheriya.
Izimbangela ze-bronchitis yebhaktheriya, njengenkinga engenzeka yokutheleleka ngegciwane, yilezi ezilandelayo:
Ukuchayeka ezintweni ezibonakalayo - umoya obandayo, ukushintshashintsha okungazelelwe kwezinga lokushisa, ukuhogela uthuli nentuthu, ukuchayeka emisebeni, njll.;
Umthelela ohlelweni lokuphefumula lwezici zamakhemikhali - ukuhogela umoya nokungcola okufakwe ekubunjweni kwawo;
Ukuba khona kwemikhuba emibi - ukubhema nokudakwa utshwala;
Ukutheleleka okungapheli emgodini womlomo kanye nasekhaleni lekhala;
Izifo zokungezwani komzimba, ukuphazamiseka kokuzalwa kwesakhiwo se-bronchopulmonary system;
Ukwehla kwezivikeli mzimba zokuzivikela;
Ukuntuleka kokwelashwa okwanele.
Ukwelashwa kwe-bronchitis yebhaktheriya
Ukwelashwa kwe-bronchitis yebhaktheriya kuncishiswa ekuqokweni kokwelashwa kwama-antibiotic.
Ngenxa yalokhu, iziguli zinikezwa izidakamizwa zamaqembu alandelayo:
Amalungiselelo avela eqenjini le-cephalosporins. Abanawo ubuthi obuphezulu, ikakhulukazi, lokhu kusebenza esizukulwaneni sesithathu salezi zidakamizwa. Ukudla kwabo kunomthelela ekubhujisweni kolwelwesi lwamabhaktheriya nokufa kwabo okulandelayo.
Amalungiselelo avela eqenjini lama-macrolides, ezinomphumela we-bacteriostatic kanye ne-bactericidal, zenza kube nzima ukuthi izitshalo zebhaktheriya ziphindaphindeke ngenxa yokukhiqizwa kwephrotheni ethile kumaseli awo.
Amalungiselelo avela eqenjini le-aminopenicillanicezilimaza amangqamuzana amagciwane.
Amalungiselelo avela eqenjini le-fluoroquinols. Kufanele zisetshenziswe ngokuqapha okukhulu njengoba zinemiphumela emibi eminingi.
Izidakamizwa ezisizayo zokwelashwa kwe-bronchitis yebhaktheriya yi-mucolytics nama-expectorants.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-bronchodilators anqunyelwe ukusiza ukuqeda i-bronchospasm.
Ngokukhuphuka kwezinga lokushisa lomzimba, uzodinga ukuthatha ama-antipyretics.
Kuyasiza ukwenza izivivinyo zokuphefumula, isikhathi sokwelashwa, isiguli siboniswa uhlobo oluningi lokuphuza, ukwelashwa ngokomzimba kanye nokusetshenziswa kwama-antihistamines kungenzeka.
Uma lesi sifo sisibi, isiguli silaliswa esibhedlela. Kuzo zonke ezinye izimo, kuyadingeka ukunamathela ekuphumuleni kwe-semi-bed, ugweme i-hypothermia futhi ungabandakanyi zonke izici ezicasulayo ezithinta isimiso sokuphefumula.
[Ividiyo] UDkt. Evdokimenko – Ukukhwehlela, ukucinana kwemigudu yokuphefumula, ukwelashwa. Amaphaphu abuthakathaka. Indlela yokwelapha? Lokho odokotela abaningi abangakwazi ngakho: