I-Oncology ihunyushwa isuka esiGrekini ngokuthi “isisindo” noma “umthwalo” futhi iyigatsha lezokwelapha elihlola izimila eziyingozi neziyingozi, uhlobo lokuvela nokuthuthuka kwazo, izindlela zokuxilongwa, ukwelashwa nokuvimbela.
Ngokombono ongokwengqondo, noma yiziphi izimila (ama-neoplasms, ukukhula) zihlale ziyinto engadingekile emzimbeni womuntu. Ukwenza ngokumelene nesistimu yokusekela impilo yonke, ikakhulukazi uma kunqunywa ukonakala, lesi sifo sibonakala senza umuntu acabange ngezakhiwo zemizwelo "efihliwe ngaphakathi". Amandla amabi emizwelo, ikakhulukazi ukwesaba, afaka ingqondo yomuntu ekuphelelweni ithemba, ukunganaki, ngisho nasekungazimiseleni ukuphila. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuvimbela kakhulu amasosha omzimba kanye nama-hormone omzimba, okunomthelela omubi kakhulu kwikhwalithi yomsebenzi wawo. Imiphumela ingavusa amangqamuzana ayingozi.
Ngokusho kweWorld Health Organisation, Ngo-2035, abantu abangafika ezigidini ezingama-24 bazoba nomdlavuza unyaka ngamunye. I-World Cancer Research Foundation ithe amacala omdlavuza angancipha ngengxenye yesithathu uma wonke umuntu ephila ngendlela enempilo. Ochwepheshe bakholelwa ukuthi ukuze kuvinjelwe lesi sifo, kwanele ukugcina izimiso ezimbalwa ezibalulekile, phakathi kwazo indima ebalulekile enikezwa ukudla okunomsoco nokusebenza ngokomzimba. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngokuphathelene nokudla okunomsoco, kunconywa ukuba kudle imikhiqizo eminingi esekelwe ezitshalweni.
Kwenzekani uma uphikisana nomdlavuza ngokudla okusekelwe ezitshalweni?
Ukuze siphendule lo mbuzo, siphendukela ezifundweni zakwamanye amazwe. UDkt. Dean Ornish, umqondisi we-Preventive Medicine Research Institute eCalifornia, kanye nozakwabo bathole ukuthi ukuqhubeka komdlavuza wendlala yesinye kunganqandwa ngokudla okusekelwe ezitshalweni kanye nendlela yokuphila enempilo. Ososayensi baconsa igazi leziguli, ezidla kakhulu inyama nemikhiqizo yobisi nokudla okusheshayo, emangqamuzaneni omdlavuza akhula esitsheni se-petri. Ukukhula kwamangqamuzana omdlavuza kwehle ngo-9%. Kodwa lapho bethatha igazi lalabo abanamathela ekudleni okusekelwe esitshalweni, ososayensi bathola umphumela omangalisayo. Leli gazi lehlisa ukukhula kwamangqamuzana omdlavuza cishe izikhathi eziyisi-8!
Ingabe lokhu kusho ukuthi ukondliwa kwezitshalo kunikeza umzimba amandla amakhulu kangaka?
Ososayensi banqume ukuphinda lolu cwaningo ngesifo esivame kakhulu phakathi kwabesifazane - umdlavuza webele. Babeka ungqimba oluqhubekayo lwamaseli omdlavuza webele esitsheni sePetri base beconsa igazi labesifazane abadla i-Standard American Diet kumaseli. Ukuchayeka kubonise ukucindezelwa kokusabalala komdlavuza. Khona-ke ososayensi basikisela ukuba abesifazane abafanayo bashintshele ekudleni kwezitshalo futhi babayala ukuba bahambe imizuzu engu-30 ngosuku. Futhi amasonto amabili, abesifazane banamathela ezincomo ezinqunyiwe.
Ngakho-ke ukudla okusekelwe ezitshalweni kwenzani emasontweni amabili nje ngokumelene nemigqa emithathu yamangqamuzana omdlavuza wamabele?
Emasontweni amabili kamuva, ososayensi bathatha igazi elivela ezihlokweni futhi baliconsa emangqamuzaneni omdlavuza, futhi ngenxa yalokho, igazi labo laba nomphumela onamandla kakhulu, ngoba amangqamuzana omdlavuza ambalwa kuphela asala enkomishini kaPetru. Futhi lokhu kungamasonto amabili nje okuphila okunempilo! Igazi labesifazane selimelane kakhulu nomdlavuza. Leli gazi libonise amandla okunciphisa kakhulu futhi limise ukukhula kwamangqamuzana omdlavuza emasontweni amabili nje okulandela izincomo.
Ngakho, ososayensi banquma lokho esinye sezizathu zokuvuswa nokukhula kwamangqamuzana omdlavuza ukungondleki, ukusetshenziswa kwemikhiqizo eyingozi futhi, ngaphezu kwakho konke, inani elikhulu lamaprotheni ezilwane. Ngokudla okunjalo, izinga le-hormone emzimbeni womuntu liyakhula, elithinta ngqo ukukhula nokuthuthukiswa kwe-oncology. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngamaprotheni ezilwane, umuntu uthola i-amino acid eningi kakhulu ebizwa ngokuthi i-methionine, ezidla izinhlobo eziningi zamangqamuzana omdlavuza.
USolwazi Max Parkin, uchwepheshe ocwaningweni lomdlavuza e-UK eQueen Mary University yaseLondon, uthe:
Futhi akunjalo. Ngaphambilini, i-University of Southern California yathumela umbiko kwabezindaba onesihloko esihehayo. Yathi ukudla ukudla okunothe ngamaprotheni ezilwane, ikakhulukazi abaseminyakeni ephakathi, kwandisa amathuba okubulawa umdlavuza ngokuphindwe kane. Lokhu kuqhathaniswa nezibalo ezitholakalayo kwababhemayo.
Ucwaningo lwakamuva oluvela eNyuvesi yase-Queen Mary yaseLondon lubonisa ukuthi ukubhema kuyisici esiyingozi kakhulu somdlavuza wonke umuntu obhemayo angase asigweme. Futhi endaweni yesibili kuphela ukudla, kwekhwalithi enganele kanye nenani eliningi ngokweqile.
Ngokocwaningo oluhlanganisa iminyaka emihlanu kusukela ngo-2007 kuya ku-2011, zingaphezu kwezinkulungwane ezingama-300 izigameko zomdlavuza ngenxa yokubhema. Amanye angu-145 ayexhunywe ekudleni okungalungile nokudla okuningi okugayiwe ekudleni. Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile kube nomthelela ezenzweni zomdlavuza ezingama-88, kanti utshwala bube nesandla ekukhuleni komdlavuza kubantu abangama-62.
Lezi zibalo ziphakeme kakhulu ukuthi ungahlala ungenzi lutho futhi ungawaboni amaqiniso. Yiqiniso, akekho ongavusa umuntu ngamunye ukuba abe nomthwalo wemfanelo ngempilo yakhe, ngaphandle komuntu ngokwakhe. Kodwa ngisho nomuntu oyedwa ogcina impilo yakhe uyinkomba ebaluleke kakhulu ethinta impilo yesizwe sonke kanye nesintu sonke.
Yiqiniso, ngaphezu kwempilo yengqondo, ukudla okunomsoco kanye nemikhuba emibi, kunezici ezingenakuphikwa, ezibaluleke kakhulu njengezakhi zofuzo kanye nemvelo. Yiqiniso, zithinta impilo yomuntu ngamunye wethu, futhi asazi ngokuqinisekile ukuthi yini engaba umzuzu oyinhloko wesifo. Kodwa naphezu kwalokhu, mhlawumbe kufanelekile ukucabanga manje futhi uzinqumele izinga lokuphila elizoholela ekucindezelweni kwalesi sifo esibi, ukunciphisa izindleko zokulondoloza impilo enhle nomoya omuhle.