Isikhundla se-Areola. I-mammary gland iyindlala ye-exocrine ebhanqiwe etholakala endaweni yangaphambili nangaphezulu yethorax. Kubantu, yakha isisindo esimhlophe esingathuthukisiwe. Kwabesifazane, kubuye kuthuthukiswe lapho kuzalwa.

Ukwakheka kwebele. Kusukela ekuthombeni kwabesifazane, izingxenye ezihlukene zendlala yebele, okuhlanganisa imigudu yobisi, izimbotshana kanye nezicubu ezingaphansi kwe-peripheral subcutaneous, zikhula zakhe ibele1. Ingaphezulu le-mammary gland limbozwe izicubu ze-subcutaneous cell nesikhumba. Ebusweni nasesikhungweni sayo, ifomu elinsundu lama-cylindrical protrusion lakha ingono. Le ingono yakhiwe ngezimbotshana eziyizimbotshana zobisi eziphuma ezingxenyeni ezihlukene zendlala yebele. Le ingono iphinde futhi izungezwe idiski lesikhumba elinsundu, elinobubanzi obuhluka ukusuka ku-1,5 kuya ku-4 cm futhi lenze i-areola (1) (2).

Isakhiwo se-Areola. I-areola yethula ama-projection angaba yishumi amancane abizwa ngama-tubercles aseMorgagni. Lezi zigaxa zakha izindlala ze-sebaceous. Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kanye ne-lactation, lezi zindlala ziba ziningi futhi zibe ziningi. Babizwa ngokuthi yizilimo eziyizigaxa zaseMontgoméry (2).

Ukuxhumana. I-areola nengono, okwakha ipuleti le-areola-ingono, kuyaxhumana nendlala yamabele. Zixhumene nendlala ngemigudu kaCooper (1) (2). Kuphela yimisipha eyisiyingi ebushelelezi ebekwe phakathi kwesikhumba se-areolo-ingono plate kanye nendlala, ebizwa ngokuthi yi-areolo-nipple muscle. (1) (2)

I-Thelotism ibhekisela ekuhlehleni nasekubhekeni phambili kwengono okubangelwa ukufinyela kwe-areolo-ingono yomsipha. Lokhu kufinyela kungase kube ngenxa yenjabulo, ukusabela emakhazeni, noma ngezinye izikhathi ukuthintana okulula kwepuleti le-areolar-ingono.

Izinkinga zesifuba seBenign. Ibele lingase libe nezimo ezinhle noma izimila eziyingozi. Ama-cysts yizimo ezivame kakhulu ezinobungozi. Zihambisana nokwakheka kwephakethe eligcwele uketshezi ebeleni.

Umdlavuza wesibeletho. Amathumba amabi angakhula esifubeni, futhi ikakhulukazi esifundeni se-areolo-ingono. Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zomdlavuza webele ezihlukaniswa ngokwemvelaphi yamaselula. Kuthinta isifunda se-areolo-ingono, isifo sika-Paget sengono siwuhlobo olungavamile lomdlavuza webele. Ikhula ngaphakathi kwemigudu yobisi futhi ingasakazeka ebusweni, kubangele ukuthi kuqhume isikhafu ku-areola kanye nengono.

Ukwelashwa. Ngokuya ngesifo esitholakele kanye nenkambo yalesi sifo, izindlela ezithile zokwelashwa zingabekwa. Zivame ukunikezwa ngaphezu kokunye ukwelashwa.

I-Chemotherapy, i-radiotherapy, i-hormone therapy, ukwelashwa okuqondisiwe. Ngokuya ngesiteji nohlobo lwesimila, kungenziwa amakhemikhali we-chemotherapy, radiotherapy, therapy ye-hormone noma ngisho nokwelashwa okuhlosiwe.

Ukwelashwa ngokuhlinzwa. Ngokuya ngohlobo lwesimila esitholakele kanye nenqubekela phambili yezifo, ukungenelela kokuhlinzwa kungenziwa. Ekuhlinzweni okulondolozayo, i-lumpectomy ingenziwa ukususa kuphela isimila nezinye izicubu zomngcele. Ezimila ezithuthuke kakhulu, i-mastectomy ingase yenziwe ukuze kukhishwe ibele lonke.

Amabele okufakelwa. Ukulandela ukusonteka noma ukulahleka kwebele elilodwa noma womabili, kungafakwa isitho sangaphakathi noma sangaphandle sesitho sokufakelwa.

• I-prosthesis yebele yangaphakathi. Le ndawo yokufakelwa ifana nokwakhiwa kabusha kwamabele. Kwenziwa ngokuhlinzwa noma phakathi ne-lumpectomy noma i-mastectomy, noma phakathi nokuhlinzwa kwesibili.
• Ukwenziwa kwebele kwangaphandle. Izitho zokwenziwa ezihlukile zebele zangaphandle zikhona futhi azidingi ukuhlinzwa. Zingaba zesikhashana, ngokwengxenye noma unomphela.

Ukuhlolwa komzimba. Okokuqala, kwenziwa ukuhlolwa komtholampilo ukuze kugcinwe futhi kuhlolwe izimpawu ezibonwa yisiguli.

Ukuhlolwa kwe-imaging yezokwelapha Unemammography, ibele ultrasound, i-MRI, i-scintimammography, noma i-galactography ingenziwa ukuthola ukuxilonga noma ukuqinisekisa isifo.

Isidumbu. Equkethe isampula lezicubu, kungenziwa i-biopsy yebele.

U-Arturo Marcacci uyisazi sokusebenza komzimba sase-Italy sekhulu le-19 nelama-20 owanikeza igama lakhe kumsipha wengono we-areolo, obizwa nangokuthi umsipha we-Marcacci (4).