Ngokwezibalo, abantu abangama-90% abaneliswa ukubukeka kwabo. Ngasikhathi sinye, izinkinga eziningi ezibonakalayo ngesisindo azikho. Kwenzeka ukuthi isifiso sokunciphisa isisindo siba yisifiso. Lesi sifo sibizwa i-anorexia yodokotela. Namuhla, i-anorexia isakazeke ngokwanele, kepha hhayi wonke umuntu uyazi "mathupha". Imvamisa, abantu abahlushwa yilesi sifo bathola ukwehla kwesisindo ngezindlela ezintathu: ngokudla okuqinile, ukuvivinya umzimba kakhulu, nangosizo lwezinqubo zokuhlanza.
Cishe i-95% yeziguli ezine-anorexia ngabesifazane. Kusukela ebusheni, amantombazane afuna ukusondela ezindinganisweni "zemfashini". Bayazihlupha ngokudla, bejaha umuntu omncane. Iziguli eziningi ziphakathi kwamantombazane aneminyaka engu-12-25 ubudala futhi, njengomthetho, hhayi ukukhuluphala ngokweqile (i-calorizer). Kepha izakhiwo ezibekwe ebusheni, kanye nezinye izinto ezinomthelela ekuthuthukiseni i-anorexia, zingavela ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Izimbangela ze-anorexia
I-anorexia yisifo okunzima ukuselapha. Izimbangela nezimpawu zayo kuyinkimbinkimbi ngokwedlulele. Kwesinye isikhathi kuthatha iminyaka ukulwa. Izibalo zabashonile ziyateleka: ngo-20%, ziphela ngokudabukisayo.
Ngokusho kososayensi, umfutho we-anorexia awugcini nje ngokuba yizifo zengqondo. Abaphenyi baseDashi bafunde i-DNA yeziguli ezine-anorexia. Kwavela ukuthi emzimbeni weziguli eziyi-11% kunezidingo ezifanayo zofuzo. Ngakho-ke, ososayensi bakholelwa ukuthi akungabazeki ukuthi kunezici zofuzo ezandisa amathuba okuba nalesi sifo.
Ososayensi baseFrance bathole ukuthi i-anorexia, njengokusebenzisa i-ecstasy, ithinta isikhungo sokulawulwa kwesifiso nenjabulo ebuchosheni bethu. Ngakho-ke, wona kanye umuzwa wendlala ungadala ukulutha, okufana nokulutha izidakamizwa.
I-anorexia ingenzeka ngenxa yokungalingani kwamahomoni emzimbeni noma ngenxa yokukhuliswa. Uma umama wayekhathazeka ngokweqile ngesisindo sakhe kanye nokudla, khona-ke indodakazi ingagcina isakha izakhiwo ezizoveza i-anorexia.
Isizathu esivamile sokuthuthukiswa kwesifo yisici esikhethekile se-psyche yesiguli. Njengomthetho, laba ngabantu abanokuzethemba okuphansi kanye nezimfuno eziphakeme ngokweqile kubo. Kwesinye isikhathi imbangela ingaba yizinto ezicindezelayo. Ukucindezeleka okukhulu kuguqula ukukhiqizwa kwamahomoni kanye nama-neurotransmitters ebuchosheni, okungaholela ekucindezelekeni nasekukhaleni kokudla.
Izici zalesi sifo
Ngokuphindaphindiwe, odokotela bafakaza ukuthi abantu basabela kanjani ngomona kuma-anorexics, njengoba bangehlisa isisindo ngaphandle kokuzwa isidingo sokudla. Ngeshwa, banaka kuphela ukubonakaliswa kokuqala kwalesi sifo - ukulahleka okungenasinkinga kwesisindo somzimba. Abafuni ukubona ingozi yesifo. Ngemuva kwakho konke, iziguli zihlupheka ubusuku nemini ngenxa yomuzwa wokungapheleli kwazo, zithukile ngama-phobias azo.
Ama-anorexics ahlangabezana njalo nesimo sokukhathazeka nokudangala. Bacishe balahlekelwe ukulawula ukwazi kwabo. Laba bantu bakhathazekile ngokucabanga ngamakhalori engeziwe.
Iziguli eziningi, ezikulesi simo, ziyaqhubeka nokuqinisekisa ukuthi azinazo izinkinga zempilo. Imizamo yokuncenga nokukhuluma igcina ihlulwe. Ubunzima bonke bulele ekutheni umuntu akanakuthemba noma ngubani kulesi simo, ngoba, empeleni, akazikholwa. Ngaphandle kokubona iqiniso, kunzima ukuma nokuzazi kahle.
Izimpawu eziyinhloko zokuzincisha ukudla:
- Isifiso sokunciphisa isisindo nganoma iyiphi imali;
- Ukwesaba ukuba ngcono;
- Imibono ebukekayo ngokudla (ukudla, ukubalwa kwekhalori ye-manic, ukunciphisa indilinga yezintshisekelo ekwehliseni isisindo);
- Ukwenqaba kaningi ukudla (izimpikiswano eziyinhloko: “Ngisanda kudla”, “Angilambile”, “Akukho appetite»);
- Ukusetshenziswa kwamasiko (isibonelo, ukuhlafuna ngokucophelela, "ukukha" epuletini, ukusetshenziswa kwezitsha ezincane);
- Imizwa yecala nokukhathazeka ngemuva kokudla;
- Ukugwema amaholide nemicimbi eyahlukahlukene;
- Isifiso sokuzishayela ngokuziqeqesha;
- Ulaka ekuvikeleni izinkolelo zakho;
- Ukuphazamiseka kokulala;
- Ukuyeka ukuya esikhathini;
- Isimo sokucindezeleka;
- Umuzwa wokulahlekelwa ukulawula impilo yakho;
- Ukwehla kwesisindo okusheshayo (ngama-30% noma ngaphezulu kwenkambiso yeminyaka);
- Ubuthakathaka nesiyezi;
- Ububanda obuhlala njalo;
- Kwehlisiwe i-libido.
Lezi zimpawu zivamile kwabaningi abancipha emzimbeni, osekuvele kungukuvuka. Lapho umuntu ekhathazeka ngokweqile futhi eqala ukuzibona ngendlela ephambukisiwe, ngokwesibonelo, ukhuluphele kakhulu ngesisindo somzimba esijwayelekile, lokhu sekuvele kuyi-tocsin.
Ukwelashwa kwe-anorexia
Umphakathi usiyalela imfashini yakho konke, kufaka phakathi umbono wobuhle. Kodwa eminyakeni yamuva nje, isithombe sentombazane ebushelelezi siya ngokuya siphela esidlule. Abaqambi bazama ukukhetha amantombazane anempilo ngomsebenzi wabo.
Ekwelapheni i-anorexia, izinto ezibalulekile ukwenziwa ngcono kwesimo se-somatic, isimilo sokuziphatha, ukuqonda kwengqondo nomndeni. I-Pharmacotherapy ingcono kakhulu ukwengeza kwezinye izinhlobo ze-psychotherapy. Izinto ezibalulekile zokwelashwa ukuvuselelwa kokudla kanye nezinyathelo ezihlose ukubuyisa isisindo somzimba.
Ukwelashwa kokuziphatha kwengqondo kuzosiza ekujwayelekile kwesisindo somzimba. Kuhloselwe ukulungisa umbono osontekile wesiqu sakho nokubuyisa umuzwa wokuzihlonipha.
I-Psychotherapy kwesinye isikhathi iyangezelelwa yimithi yokubuyisa imetabolism kanye nesimo esijwayelekile se-psychoemotional. Ezimweni ezinzima, iziguli zidinga ukungeniswa esibhedlela. Ukwelashwa kwama-anorexics kwenziwa yiqembu lonke lodokotela: udokotela wezifo zengqondo, udokotela wezifo zengqondo, isazi se-endocrinologist nesazi sokudla.
Izinhlelo zokuvuselela zivame ukusebenzisa ukunakekelwa okungokomzwelo nokusekelwa, kanye namasu ahlukahlukene okwelapha okwenzayo ahlinzeka ngenhlanganisela yokuqinisa izikhuthazi ezihlanganisa ukuzivocavoca umzimba, ukuphumula kombhede, ngaphezu kwalokho, kuqala kunikezwa isisindo somzimba ohlosiwe, izindlela zokuziphatha ezifunwayo nempendulo efundisayo.
Ukondla okwelashwa kweziguli ezinomdlavuza kuyingxenye ebalulekile yokwelashwa kwazo. Ngokuzila ukudla okungapheli, isidingo samandla siyancipha. Ngakho-ke, ukuzuza kwesisindo kungakhuthazwa okokuqala ngokunikela ngokudla okuncane kakhulu kwama-calories bese ukwengeza kancane kancane (i-calorizator). Kunezinhlelo eziningana zokukhulisa ukondleka komzimba, ukuhambisana nazo okuqinisekisa ukungabi bikho kwemiphumela emibi nezinkinga ngendlela ye-edema, ukuphazamiseka kwemetabolism yamaminerali, nokulimala ezithweni zokugaya ukudla.
Imiphumela engenzeka yalesi sifo:
- Ukululama;
- Inkambo ephindaphindwayo (ephindaphindwayo);
- Ukufa ngenxa yezinguquko ezingalungiseki ezithweni zangaphakathi. Ngokwezibalo, ngaphandle kokwelashwa, izinga lokufa kweziguli ezine-anorexia nervosa liyi-5-10%.
Yonke into emhlabeni inemikhawulo yayo, nobuhle abuhlukile. Ngeshwa, akubona bonke abantu abazi ukuthi bangasho nini “bayeke” kubo. Ingani umzimba omncane uzacile! Nakekela impilo yakho.