I-Andropause: yini?

I-Andropause: yini?

I-PasseportSanté.net ikhethe ukuthatha isitokonesizathu, nakuba kungesona isifo esiqashelwa ngokwezokwelapha. I-Andropause nokho ibonisa iqiniso lamanje njengoba amadoda amaningi aneminyaka ephakathi ekhetha ukwenza ukwelashwa kwe-testosterone. Lokhu kwelashwa sekusetshenziswe iminyaka eminingi ezinsizweni ezine-hypogonadism yokuzalwa, okungukuthi lapho ukukhiqizwa kwamahomoni ocansi ngama-gonads (testes) kuphansi ngokungavamile ngenxa yenkinga yofuzo. . Kodwa-ke, muva nje unikezwa amadoda anempilo ephakathi.

Sichaza i-nesizathu njengazo zonke izimpawu ze-physiological and psychological ezingahambisana testosterone ephansi ngesikhathiamadoda ukuguga. Ngokuvamile kwakuzokwenzeka nxazonke 45 ukuze 65.

Andropause, kusukela esiGrekini andros, okusho ukuthi "umuntu", futhi ikhefu, "Ukuphela", kuvame ukwethulwa njengomlingani wesilisa wokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini.

Lezi zimpawu zisukela ukuncipha kwesifiso socansi ekufikeni kwe izinkinga ze-erectile ngomuzwa wokungabi namandla nokushayela. Izikhathi zokujuluka ngokweqile, izinkinga zokuqwasha nokukhuluphala kungase kwengeze emiphumeleni yokwehla kokukhiqizwa kwamahomoni ocansi.

Kubhekwa njengokungasebenzi kahle kwabanye, njengokubonakaliswa kwe ukuguga evamile ngabanye, andropause uhlala a isihloko esiyimpikiswano. Ngaphezu kwalokho, okuwukuphela kwesidakamizwa esitholakalayo, i-testosterone, ayikafakazelwa, noma ngokuya ngokusebenza kahle noma ukuphepha.

Ukunqamuka kokuya esikhathini kwabanye, andropause kwabanye?

Ukuqhathanisa phakathi kwe-andropause nokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini kuyaqhuga. I-Andropause ithinta kuphela idlanzana lamadoda. Futhi, akuphawuli ukuphela kokuzala. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i- ukwehla kwe-hormonal kubantu okuyingxenye, Okuqhubekayo et ngokungaguqukingokungafani nabesifazane, lapho ama-hormone ehla ngokuphawulekayo esikhathini esifushane. Kwabesilisa, ukwehla kancane kokukhiqizwa kwe-testosterone kuzoqala eminyakeni engamashumi amathathu noma amane. Kusukela kulokho ochwepheshe abaye bakubona, ukugxila kwe-testosterone egazini kuzokwehla cishe ngo-1% ngonyaka.

Mangaki amadoda athintekile?

Kusukelanesizathu kuncane okwaziwayo futhi kuyaqabukela ukutholwa, asinayo idatha eqondile ngenani lamadoda aphethwe yikho.

Nokho, ngokocwaningo olukhulu olwanyatheliswa ngo-2010, i-European Male Aging Study, kuphela 2% amadoda amadala 40 ukuze 80 babhekene ne-andropause: ingxenye ingu-3% kulabo abaneminyaka engu-60 kuya ku-69 kanye no-5% phakathi kwalabo abaneminyaka engu-70 kuya ku-791. Ukuxilongwa kwakusekelwe ebukhoneni bezimpawu ze-andropause kanye nezinga legazi le-testosterone eliphansi kunelijwayelekile.

Le miphumela ikhombisa ukuthi ukwelashwa kwe-testosterone kulungele amadoda ambalwa kakhulu, ngokusho kwababhali bocwaningo.12. Isikhathi esiningi, ngokusho kokubona kwabo, izimpawu zihlobene kakhulu nokuguga, ukukhuluphala noma enye inkinga yezempilo. Eqinisweni, amaphesenti angu-20 kuya kwangu-40 amadoda ayathuthuka izimpawu ingase ifane naleyo ye-andropause ngeminyaka11.

Ngempela umbuzo we-testosterone?

La Testosterone inikezwa njengendlela yokwelapha e-nesizathu iminyaka engaphezudlwana kweshumi. Umgomo wokwelashwa uwukuthuthukisa izinga lempilo ngokunciphisa izimpawu. Izinkampani ezenza imithi ziphikisa ngokuthi i-testosterone ingase ibambezele inqubo ukuguga : ukuncipha okuncane kwesisindo somzimba kanye nengozi yokuphuka, amandla ocansi amaningi, okuhlanganisa nokumiswa okungcono, njll. Nokho, le miphumela ayizange ikhonjiswe ngokwesayensi.

Nazi izici eziyinhloko ezenza ukwelashwa kwe-andropause isihloko esibucayi nesiyinkimbinkimbi:

  • Le amazinga e-testosterone okubonisa "ukuntula" emadodeni aneminyaka ephakathi akwaziwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, leli zinga liyahlukahluka kumuntu nomuntu. Izikali ezisetshenziswayo njengamanje zinezinga elibalulekile lokunganembile futhi zisekelwe kuma-avareji amiselwe izinsizwa;
  • Akekho izimpawu eqondile ku-andropause. Ngamanye amazwi, zonke izimpawu ezitholakalayo zingaba umphumela wezinye izinkinga zempilo, njengokucindezeleka, izinkinga zemithambo yegazi noma ukukhuluphala ngokweqile;
  • Ukuhlangana phakathi kwe-testosterone ephansi nezimpawu ze-andropause kubuthakathaka, ngokusho kwezifundo ezihlukahlukene. Amadoda anamazinga e-testosterone avamile angase abe nezimpawu ze-andropause. Abanye ochwepheshe bakholelwa ukuthi izimpawu ze-andropause ngokuvamile ziwumphumela wokubi imikhuba ye ukuphila2, I-11;
  • The izinzuzo futhi izingozi Ukwelashwa nge-testosterone akusungulwa ngokucacile ukuhlolwa kwemitholampilo, kokubili okufushane nesikhathi eside. Abanye ochwepheshe bathi ukwelashwa kwe-hormone ye-testosterone kumane nje kuyi-placebo ebizayo12. Ukwesaba okukhulu ngalokhu kwelashwa emadodeni amadala ukuthi wandisa ingozi yomdlavuza wendlala yesinye noma unhlangothi. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi i-testosterone inyusa amazinga e-hemoglobin futhi ingashintsha kancane iphrofayili ye-lipid egazini, okwandisa ubungozi bokwakheka kwehlule legazi emthanjeni osebuchosheni. Ezinye izingozi ezishiwo zihlanganisa: ukulimala kwesibindi, ukukhula kwebele (okungase kube buhlungu), i-testicular atrophy, ukwanda kobudlova noma ukuziphatha okungahambisani nomphakathi kanye nokuwohloka kokuphazamiseka kwezempilo okukhona (ukuphelelwa umoya uma ulele, ukusangana, ukudangala, njll. njll.). Njengamahomoni anqunyelwe abesifazane be-postmenopausal, kungenzeka lokho ngemuva ukuthi lokhu kwelashwa kwe-testosterone kubangela izingozi ezithile zempilo. Izifundo ziyaqhubeka;
  • Ezinye izinguquko ze-hormonal zingachaza imiphumela ye-andropause. I-DHEA (dehydroepiandrosterone), i-hormone yokukhula, i-melatonin futhi, ngokwezinga elincane, ama-hormone egilo nawo anethonya lawo.

Testosterone

I-Testosterone iyi-hormone yocansi evelele emadodeni. Kuhlotshaniswa nobungqabavu nobungqabavu. Simkweleta ukubonakala kwezici zobulili zabesilisa ngesikhathi sokuthomba. Kuyasiza futhi ukugcina impilo yamathambo kanye nokuqina kwemisipha futhi kukhuthaze ukukhiqizwa kwesidoda namangqamuzana egazi abomvu. Indlela amafutha anqwabelana ngayo emzimbeni nayo ithonywa yile hormone. Abesifazane nabo bayayikhiqiza, kodwa ngamanani amancane kakhulu.

Amasende enza i-testosterone. Inani le-testosterone elikhiqizwayo lincike kumasignali athunyelwa yizindlala ezisebuchosheni: i-hypothalamus ne-pituitary. Izici ezihlukahlukene zizokhuthaza noma zivimbele ukukhiqizwa kwe-testosterone. Ngokwesibonelo, ubulili buyamshukumisa. Uma ikhiqizwa, i-testosterone ihamba ngegazi futhi ibophe kuma-receptors ezicubu ezihlukahlukene, lapho yenza khona imiphumela yayo.

kwesifo

Ukwelashwanesizathu njengoba kwakamuva, izindlela eziholela ekuxilongweni azinazo isisekelo esiqinile sesayensi.

Udokotela aqale abuze nge izimpawu ezizwakalayo ngesiguli sakhe. Angase asebenzise amafomu athile okuhlola ukuze abonise kangcono ukushuba kwezimpawu, njengokuhlolwa kwe-AMS (for Ukuguga Male Score) noma ukuhlolwa kwe-ADAM (kwe Ukuntuleka kwe-Androgen Kowesilisa Oguga). Ukuze ubuke lezi zivivinyo, bona isigaba samasayithi othakaselayo.

Leli yithuba elihle lokusungula a ukuhlola impilo ephelele : ukuhlolwa kwegazi (iphrofayili ye-lipid, amahomoni e-thyroid, i-prostate antigen ethile, njll.), isithombe sempilo yenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi, ukubuka konke kwemikhuba yokuphila. Uhlu lwezidakamizwa nemikhiqizo yezempilo yemvelo esetshenzisiwe izoqedela isithombe. Lokhu kuhlola kuzosiza ukukhipha ezinye izimbangela zezimpawu ezizwakalayo (i-anemia, ukucindezeleka, i-hypothyroidism, isifo sokukhathala okungapheli, izinkinga zokujikeleza kwegazi, imiphumela emibi yezidakamizwa, njll.).

Ukuhlolwa kwegazi

Nazi ezinye izincazelo mayelana nezivivinyo ezisetshenziselwa ukuhlola ukuthi kukhona ukushoda kwe-testosterone.

Ngokusho kwe-International Society for the Study of Aging Male (ISSAM), izivivinyo okuhloswe ngazo ukukala amazinga we-testosterone wegazi kufanele kube yingxenye yokuxilongwa njengoba izimpawu zingase zingahlobani ne-andropause3. Kodwa lokhu kuhlola kwenziwa kuphela uma izimpawu ezingaphezu kwesisodwa zibonakaliswa.

  • Amazinga e-testosterone ephelele. Umphumela walokhu kuhlolwa uhlanganisa kokubili i-testosterone eboshelwe kumthuthi (i i-hormone yocansi ebopha i-globuline noma i-SHBG futhi, ngokwezinga elincane, i-albumin) kanye ne-testosterone ejikeleza ngokukhululeka egazini;
  • Amazinga e-testosterone amahhala. Lesi silinganiso sibalulekile ngoba siyi-testosterone yamahhala esebenzayo emzimbeni. Ngokwesilinganiso, cishe i-2% ye-testosterone ijikeleza ngokukhululekile egazini. Akukho ukuhlolwa okulinganisa ngokuqondile izinga le-testosterone yamahhala. Ngakho-ke odokotela balinganisela ngokubala: balinganisa izinga le i-hormone yocansi ebopha i-globuline (SHBG) egazini bese elikhipha ezingeni eliphelele le-testosterone.

shiya impendulo