Izinhlanzi ze-Ancistrus

Incazelo yezinhlanzi ze-Ancistrus

Ukugcina izinhlanzi endaweni evalekile ku-aquarium kuhlale kuhlotshaniswa nenkinga yokuhlanzwa kwamanzi. Lokhu kungafaniswa nokuthola abantu egunjini elimpintshana - uma kungenawo umoya futhi kuhlanzwe okungenani ngezikhathi ezithile, ngokushesha noma kamuva abantu bazoncishwa umoya noma bagule.

Yiqiniso, okokuqala, udinga nje ukushintsha amanzi, kodwa kukhona nabahlanzi bemvelo abaqoqa imfucumfucu ehlala phansi, ngaleyo ndlela igcine i-aquarium ihlanzekile. Futhi abaholi bangempela kule ndaba yi-catfish - inhlanzi engezansi, engabizwa ngokuthi "i-vacuum cleaners" yangempela. Futhi i-catfish-ancistrus yaqhubekela phambili kule ndaba - ayihlanzi kuphela phansi, kodwa futhi nezindonga ze-aquarium. Ukuma komzimba wabo kujwayeleke kakhulu emsebenzini wokuhlanza phansi - ngokungafani nezinhlanzi ezibhukuda emanzini, umzimba wazo awusicaba kusuka ezinhlangothini, kodwa unomumo wensimbi: isisu esiyisicaba esibanzi nezinhlangothi eziphakeme. Esigabeni esiphambene, imizimba yabo inonxantathu noma i-semicircle.

Lezi zilwane ezinhle zizalelwa emifuleni yaseNingizimu Melika, kodwa sezinesikhathi eside zizinzile ezindaweni eziningi ezihlala emanzini emhlabeni. Ngasikhathi sinye, i-catfish ayihlukani ngobuhle noma i-multicolor, nakuba iheha ama-aquarist amaningi, okokuqala, ngezinzuzo abazilethela, okwesibili, ngokuzithoba kwabo, futhi okwesithathu, ngokubukeka kwabo okungajwayelekile. 

I-Ancistrus noma i-catfish-stick (1) (i-Ancistrus) - izinhlanzi zomndeni wabo i-Locariidae (i-Loricariidae) noma i-catfish yamaketanga. Zibukeka njengezinsimbi ze-polka-dot ezifika ku-15 cm ubude. Njengomthetho, zinemibala emnyama enamachashaza amhlophe ngokwengxenye, amadevu anezici noma amahlumela ku-muzzle, futhi isici esingavamile kakhulu sokubukeka kwawo ngumlomo oncelisayo, lapho aqoqa khona kalula ukudla kusuka phansi futhi akhiphe ulwelwe oluncane kakhulu. izindonga ze-aquarium, futhi endaweni yazo yemvelo nazo zigcinwe endaweni emifuleni egeleza ngokushesha. Umzimba wonke we-catfish umbozwe ngamapuleti aqine ngokwanele afana nezikhali zokuzivikela ezivikela ekulimaleni ngengozi, lapho athola khona igama lesibili elithi "catfish chain".

Konke lokhu kwenza i-Ancistrus catfish ibe enye yezinhlanzi zase-aquarium ezidume kakhulu.

Izinhlobo nezinhlobo zezinhlanzi ze-Ancistrus

Uhlobo olulodwa kuphela lwalezi catfish ezitshalwa emanzini - I-Ancistrus vulgaris (Ancistrus dolichopterus). Ngisho nabathandi bezinhlanzi ezisanda kuzalwa bayayiqala. Impunga futhi ingabonakali, ibukeka njengegundane, kodwa ama-aquarist athandana nayo, mhlawumbe ngaphezu kwabo bonke abanye abafowabo, ngenxa yokungathobeki kwayo okungavamile nokukhuthala.

Abafuyi baphinde basebenza kulawa ma-nondescript cleaners, ngakho-ke namuhla izinhlobo eziningana ze-ancistrus sezivele zakhiwe, ezihlukene ngombala nokubukeka, kodwa zisenezici eziningana ezivamile. Ngokwesibonelo, lawa amaphiko abanzi, ahleleke ngokuvundlile afana namaphiko endiza encane.

• I-Ancistrus ebomvu - abameleli abancane benkampani ye-sucker catfish, umbala wabo oqhathaniseka kahle nabanye ngamathoni akhanyayo we-orange-buff, ngokungafani nabalingani babo, ihola indlela yokuphila yansuku zonke, isithelo sokukhetha futhi ingazalaniswa kalula ne-acstrus yezinye izinhlobo;
• I-Ancistrus yegolide - efana neyangaphambili, kodwa umbala wayo uphuzi ngokusagolide ngaphandle kwamabala, empeleni i-albino, okungukuthi, i-catfish evamile elahlekelwe umbala wayo omnyama, uhlobo oludumile kakhulu phakathi kwama-aquarists, noma kunjalo, endle, “Izinhlanzi zegolide” cishe zaziyosinda;
• I-Ancistrus inkanyezi - i-catfish enhle kakhulu, engonakaliswanga ngisho nezimila eziningi ekhanda layo, amakhekheba eqhwa amhlophe anamachashaza ahlakazeke kakhulu phezu kwesizinda esimnyama somzimba wayo, enikeza inhlanzi ukubukeka okuhle kakhulu (ngendlela, ngeziqu zezimpondo ozidingayo qaphela kakhulu lapho ubamba izinhlanzi ngenetha - zingathandelana kalula enetheni.

I-Ancistrus ixubene ngokuphelele, ingatholakala ngemibala ehlukahlukene futhi engajwayelekile: imabula, i-beige enamachashazi amnyama e-polka, i-beige enamabala neminye (2).

Ukuhambisana kwezinhlanzi ze-Ancistrus nezinye izinhlanzi

Njengoba ama-Ancistrus ikakhulukazi ehlala phansi, awahlangani nezinye izakhamuzi zase-aquarium, ngakho-ke angakwazi ukuzwana cishe nanoma iyiphi izinhlanzi. Yiqiniso, akufanele uzixazulule ngezilwane ezidliwayo ezinolaka ezingaluma i-catfish enokuthula, noma kunjalo, lokhu akuvamile ukwenzeka, ngoba i-ancistrus ivikelwe igobolondo lamathambo anamandla, okungezona zonke izinhlanzi ezingakwazi ukuluma.

Ukugcina izinhlanzi ze-ancistrus ku-aquarium

Naphezu kokubukeka okungavamile futhi ngezinye izikhathi imibala ecacile, noma iyiphi i-aquarist kufanele okungenani ibe ne-catfish eyodwa enamathelayo, ngoba izohlanza ngobuqotho izindonga ze-aquarium kusuka ku-plaque eluhlaza futhi idle yonke into izinhlanzi ezazingenaso isikhathi sokugwinya. Ngaphezu kwalokho, le “vacuum cleaner” ephilayo encane kodwa engakhathali ayisebenzi emini kuphela, kodwa nasebusuku.

Ukunakekelwa kwezinhlanzi ze-Ancistrus

Njengoba i-catfish iyizidalwa ezingenasizotha kakhulu, ukuzinakekela kuncane kakhulu: shintsha amanzi ku-aquarium kanye ngesonto, setha umoya, futhi kuyalulekwa ukuthi ubeke i-snag yokhuni phansi (ungayithenga kunoma yisiphi isitolo sezilwane, kodwa kungcono ukuyibeka ehlathini) - ama-ancistrus athanda kakhulu i-cellulose futhi adle izinkuni ngokujabula.

Umthamo we-aquarium

Ezincwadini, umuntu angathola izitatimende zokuthi i-ancistrus idinga i-aquarium okungenani amalitha ayi-100. Ngokunokwenzeka, lapha sikhuluma nge-catfish enkulu ye-thoroughbred. Kodwa i-ancistrus evamile noma ebomvu, ubukhulu bayo buyisizotha, inganeliseka ngeziqukathi ezincane. 

Vele, akufanele utshale umhlambi wonke ku-aquarium enamandla amalitha angama-20, kepha inhlanzi eyodwa izosinda lapho (ngokuguquguquka okujwayelekile nokujwayelekile kwamanzi, kunjalo). Kodwa-ke, ngevolumu enkulu, uzozizwa engcono kakhulu.

Ukushisa kwamanzi

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi i-Ancistrus catfish ivela emifuleni efudumele yaseNingizimu Melika, ibekezelela ngokuthula ukwehla kwezinga lokushisa lamanzi ku-aquarium kuya ku-20 ° C. Yiqiniso, lokhu akusho ukuthi badinga ukugcinwa njalo emanzini abandayo, kodwa uma kubanda endlini yakho ngesikhathi se-off-season futhi amanzi selehlile, akudingekile ukuthenga ngokuphuthumayo i-heater ngenxa ye-ancistrus. Bayakwazi ukulinda izimo ezimbi, kodwa-ke, akufanelekile njalo "ukubanda" njalo.

Yini ongayondla

Ukuhleleka futhi, omunye angase athi, abahlanzi be-aquarium, ama-ancistrus angama-omnivores. Lezi izidalwa ezingenasizotha ezizodla yonke into engazange idliwe ezinye izinhlanzi. "Vacuuming" phansi, bayothatha ama-flakes okudla aphuthelwe ngokungaqondile, futhi banamathele ngosizo lomlomo wokuncelisa ezindongeni zengilazi, bazoqoqa yonke i-plaque eluhlaza eyakhiwe lapho ngaphansi kwesenzo sokukhanya. Futhi yazi ukuthi i-ancistrus ayisoze yakuyeka, ngakho-ke ungabathemba ngokuphephile ukuthi bazohlanza i-aquarium phakathi kokuhlanzwa.

Kukhona ukudla okukhethekile okuqondiswe ngqo kwizinhlanzi ezingaphansi, kodwa i-catfish ethobekile isilungele ukwaneliseka ngalokho okungena emanzini njengesidlo sasemini kuzo zonke izindawo zokuhlala zase-aquarium.

Ukukhiqizwa kwezinhlanzi ze-ancistrus ekhaya

Uma kunzima kakhulu kwezinye izinhlanzi ukucacisa ubulili, khona-ke le nkinga ayiveli nge-catfish. Ama-Cavaliers angahlukaniswa kwabesifazane ngokuba khona kwamadevu, noma kunalokho, amahlumela amaningi ku-muzzle, anikeza lezi zinhlanzi ukubukeka okungavamile futhi okungavamile.

Lezi zinhlanzi zizala kalula futhi ngokuzithandela, kodwa i-caviar yazo ephuzi ngokugqamile ngokuvamile iba isisulu sezinye izinhlanzi. Ngakho-ke, uma ufuna ukuthola inzalo kuma-ancistrus ambalwa, kungcono ukuwafakela ku-aquarium yokuzala ene-aeration nesihlungi kusengaphambili. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi insikazi ibeka amaqanda kuphela, futhi owesilisa unakekela inzalo, ngakho-ke ukuba khona kwakhe eduze kwe-masonry kubaluleke kakhulu.

Uma kungenakwenzeka ukutshala i-catfish, bese ubanikeza izindawo zokukhosela ezinokwethenjelwa ku-aquarium enkulu. Bathanda kakhulu amashubhu ongacasha kuwo kwezinye izinhlanzi. Futhi kuzo lapho i-ancistrus ivame ukuzala inzalo. I-clutch ngayinye ngokuvamile iqukethe amaqanda egolide agqamile asukela kwangu-30 kuye kwangama-200 (3).

Imibuzo nezimpendulo ezidumile

Uphendule imibuzo mayelana nokuqukethwe kwe-gourami umnikazi wesitolo sezilwane u-Konstantin Filimonov.

Imithombo ye

1. Reshetnikov Yu.S., Kotlyar AN, Russ, TS, Shatunovsky MI Isichazamazwi sezilimi ezinhlanu samagama ezilwane. Inhlanzi. IsiLatini, isiNgisi, isiJalimane, isiFulentshi. / ngaphansi kokuhlelwa okujwayelekile kwe-acad. VE Sokolova // M.: Rus. ngo-1989
2. Shkolnik Yu.K. Izinhlanzi zase-aquarium. Complete Encyclopedia // Moscow, Eksmo, 2009
3. Kostina D. Konke mayelana nezinhlanzi ze-aquarium // AST, 2009