I-Amyotrophy yigama lezokwelapha le-atrophy yemisipha, ukwehla kosayizi wemisipha. Ihlobene ngokuqondile nemisipha ehlutshiwe yamathambo, okuyimisipha engaphansi kokulawulwa ngokuzithandela.

Izimpawu ze-amyotrophy ziyahlukahluka. Ngokuya ngecala, le-atrophy ye-muscle ingaba:

• okwendawo noma okwejwayelekile, okungukuthi, kungathinta isicubu esisodwa, yonke imisipha yeqembu lezicubu noma yonke imisipha yomzimba;
• eyingozi noma engapheli, ngokukhula ngokushesha noma kancane kancane;
• ukuzalwa noma okuzuziwe, okungukuthi, kungabangelwa ukungajwayelekile okukhona kusukela ekuzalweni noma kube umphumela wesifo esitholakele.

I-muscle atrophy ingaba nemvelaphi ehlukile. Kungaba ngenxa yokuthi:

• ukukhubazeka ngokomzimba, ie ukungasebenzi isikhathi eside kweqembu lemisipha noma lemisipha;
• i-myopathy yofuzo, isifo esitholakala ngofuzo esithinta izicubu;
• i-myopathy etholakele, isifo semisipha imbangela yaso ingeyona ifa;
• ukulimala kwesistimu yezinzwa.

Icala lokunganyakazi ngokomzimba

Ukukhubazeka ngokomzimba kungaholela e-atrophy ngenxa yokuntuleka kwemisipha. Ukunganyakazi kwemisipha kungaba, isibonelo, ngenxa yokubeka ukhonkolo ngesikhathi sokuphuka. Le-atrophy, ngezinye izikhathi ebizwa ngokuthi ukuwohloka kwemisipha, ayinabungozi futhi iyahlehla.

Indaba ye-myopathy yofuzo

I-Myopathies yemvelaphi yofuzo ingaba imbangela ye-muscular atrophy. Lokhu kunjalo ikakhulukazi ezifweni eziningana ze-muscular dystrophies, ezibonakala ngokuwohloka kwemicu yemisipha.

Ezinye zezimbangela zofuzo ze-muscular atrophy zihlanganisa:

• I-Duchenne muscular dystrophy, noma i-Duchenne muscular dystrophy, okuyisifo esingavamile sofuzo esibonakala ngokuwohloka kwemisipha okuqhubekayo nokujwayelekile;
• Isifo sikaSteinert, noma i-Steinert's myotonic dystrophy, okuyisifo esingabonakala njenge-amyotrophy ne-myatonia (ukuphazamiseka kwethoni yemisipha);
• I-facio-scapulo-humeral myopathy okuyi-muscular dystrophy ethinta imisipha yobuso kanye naleyo yebhande lehlombe (ukuxhuma izitho ezingenhla nesiqu).

Icala le-myopathy etholakele

I-Amyotrophy nayo ingaba umphumela we-myopathies etholakele. Lezi zifo zemisipha ezingezona ifa zingaba nemvelaphi eminingana.

I-myopathies etholiwe ingaba yimvelaphi yokuvuvukala, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi:

• ama-polymyosites ezibonakala ngokuvuvukala kwemisipha;
• dermatomyosites ezibonakala ngokuvuvukala kwesikhumba nemisipha.

I-myopathies etholiwe ingase futhi ingabonakali noma iyiphi inhlamvu evuthayo. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi nge-myopathiesimvelaphi ye-iatrogenic, okungukuthi, ukuphazamiseka kwemisipha ngenxa yokwelashwa kwezokwelapha. Isibonelo, ngemithamo ephezulu nangesikhathi eside, i-cortisone kanye nokuphuma kwayo kungaba imbangela ye-atrophy.

Izimbangela ze-neurological ze-muscular atrophy

Kwezinye izimo, i-atrophy ingaba nemvelaphi yezinzwa. I-muscle atrophy ibangelwa ukulimala kwesimiso sezinzwa. Lokhu kungaba nezincazelo eziningana, kufaka phakathi:

• la Isifo sikaCharcot, noma i-amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, okuyisifo se-neurodegenerative esithinta ama-motor neurons (ama-neurons ahilelekile ekunyakazeni) futhi sibangele i-amyotrophy bese kuba nokukhubazeka okuqhubekayo kwemisipha.
• i-amyotrophie yomgogodla, isifo sofuzo esingavamile esingathinta imisipha yempande yemilenze (i-proximal spinal atrophy) noma imisipha yemikhawulo yemilenze (i-distal spinal atrophy);
• la ipoliomyelitis, isifo esithathelwanayo semvelaphi yegciwane (i-poliovirus) engabangela ama-atrophies nokukhubazeka;
• umonakalo wezinzwa, okungenzeka ku-nerve eyodwa noma ngaphezulu.

Ukuvela kwe-muscular atrophy kuncike kumingcele eminingi kuhlanganise nemvelaphi ye-muscle atrophy, isimo sesiguli kanye nokuphathwa kwezokwelapha. Kwezinye izimo, i-muscular atrophy ingakhula futhi isakaze kweminye imisipha emzimbeni, noma ngisho nasemzimbeni wonke. Ezimweni ezinzima kakhulu, i-muscle atrophy ingase ingenakuhlehliswa.

Ukwelashwa kuhlanganisa ukwelapha umsuka we-muscular atrophy. Ukwelashwa kwezidakamizwa ngokwesibonelo kungenziwa ngesikhathi sokuvuvukala kwe-myopathy. Izikhathi ze-Physiotherapy zinganconywa uma kwenzeka ukukhubazeka ngokomzimba isikhathi eside.