Kunokwehluka okukhulu ngosayizi nesisindo ku-Alaskan Malamute ngakho-ke kungukuhamba nobukhulu okuncanyelwa ukucacisa izinga. Isifuba sehliswe kahle futhi umzimba oqinile ufakwe imisipha kahle. Umsila wayo uthwelwe ngemuva nange-plume. Unengubo yangaphandle ejiyile, emahhadla nejazi elincane elijiyile. Imvamisa ingubo yakhe iyahluka kusuka kokumpunga okukhanyayo kuye kokumnyama, kepha ukuhluka okuningi kuvunyelwe.

I-Alaskan Malamute ihlukaniswa yiFédération Cynologiques Internationale phakathi kwezinja zohlobo lweNordic sled Spitz. (1)

I-Alaskan Malamute kukholakala ukuthi iyinzalo eqondile yezimpisi ezifuywayo ezahamba nabazingeli be-Paleolithic ngenkathi bewela iBering Strait cishe eminyakeni engama-4000 edlule, kwathi kamuva, ngokudlulela kwabo ezwenikazi laseNyakatho Melika. Umfuyi we-Alaskan Malamute uPaul Voelker ukholelwa ukuthi mhlawumbe lolu wuhlobo lwenja endala kunazo zonke ezwenikazi laseMelika.

Igama le-Alaskan Malamute libhekisela kulimi lwesiMalamute, olukhulunywa ngabantu abangama-Inuit base-Alaska, ama-Iñupiat.

Izinja zalesi sifunda ekuqaleni zazisetshenziselwa ukuzingela ikakhulukazi ukuzingelwa kwamabhere asezindaweni eziphakeme. Ngokuya ngocwaningo lwemivubukulo, kusanda kwenzeka nje, phakathi kweminyaka engamakhulu amathathu kuya kwamakhulu amahlanu edlule lapho ukusetshenziswa kwe-dog sledding kwasabalala khona. Muva nje, ngesikhathi seGold Rush ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yama-1800, abalindi babona izinzuzo zokuba nezihlibhi zezinja kanye ne-Alaskan Malamute sekuvele njengokuzikhethela.

Ekugcineni, ngemuva kokucishe kwaphela, lolu hlobo lwaqashelwa ngokusemthethweni ngo-1935 futhi ngawo lowo nyaka kwasungulwa i-Alaskan Malamute Club of America. (2)

Uhlakaniphe kakhulu futhi uyashesha ukufunda, kepha angaba nomlingiswa oqinile. Ngakho-ke kunconywa ukuthi uqale ukuqeqeshwa kusenesikhathi. I-Alaskan Malamute iyinja ethwala imithwalo futhi lokhu kubonakala ngohlamvu lwayo. Iphakethe linokukodwa okuphezulu futhi uma isilwane sizibona sinjalo, singalawulwa yinkosi yaso. Kodwa-ke ungumngane othembekile futhi ozinikele. Uyinja futhi enothando futhi enobungane nabantu angabazi. Izinga lokuzala nalo limchaza njengo « isithunzi esihlaba umxhwele lapho usumdala ”. (1)

I-Alaskan Malamute inesikhathi sokuphila esiyiminyaka eyi-12 kuya kwengu-14. Uyinja eqinile futhi, ngokusho kwe-UK Kennel Club's Purebred Dog Health Survey yase-UK, cishe izingxenye ezintathu kwezine zezilwane ezifundisiwe azibonisanga zimpawu zesifo. Phakathi kwekota esele, isimo esivame kakhulu yi-lipoma, isimila esibi sezicubu ezinamafutha. (2014)

Njengezinye izinja ezifuywayo, yena uthinteka ekungenweni yizifo zofuzo. Lokhu kufaka phakathi i-hip dysplasia, i-achondroplasia, i-alopecia X ne-polyneuropathy. (4-5)

I-Coxofemoral dysplasia

I-Coxofemoral dysplasia yisici esizuzwe njengefa sokuhlangana kwe-hip okuholela ekugqokeni nasekudabukeni kobuhlungu, izinyembezi, ukuvuvukala ne-osteoarthritis.

Ukuxilongwa nokuhlolwa kwesigaba se-dysplasia kwenziwa ikakhulukazi yi-x-ray.

Ukuthuthuka okuqhubekayo ngeminyaka yesifo kwenza kube nzima ukuthola nokulawulwa kwaso. Ukwelashwa kolayini wokuqala kuvame ukuba yimithi elwa nokuvuvukala noma ama-corticosteroids ukusiza nge-osteoarthritis. Ukungenelela kokuhlinzwa, noma ngisho nokufakelwa kwesitho sokufakelwa kungabhekwa. Ukuphathwa kahle kwemithi kunganele ukuthuthukisa ukunethezeka kwempilo yenja. (4-5)

I-Achondroplasia

I-Achondroplasia, ebizwa nangokuthi ukuqina kwezitho zomzimba ezimfushane, yisimo esithinta ukwakheka kwamathambo amade. Kunomphumela wokunciphisa nokugoba kwezitho.

Lesi sifo sibonakala sisencane. Izinja ezithintekile zikhula kancane kunontanga yazo futhi imilenze yazo imifushane kunokujwayelekile, kanti ikhanda nomzimba kusayizi ojwayelekile. Imilenze icishe ibe ncane futhi incane.

Ukuxilongwa kuncike kakhulu ekuhlolweni komzimba kanye ne-x-ray. Lesi sakamuva siveza amathambo amade ajiyile futhi amafushane. (4-5)

Alikho ikhambi futhi isibikezelo ngokuvamile sibi kakhulu ezinjeni ezifana ne-Alaskan Malamute ngoba lesi sifo singazivikela ekuhambeni.

I-Alopecia X

I-Alopecia X yisifo esivame kakhulu ezinjeni zohlobo lweNordic neSpitz. Kuyisimo sesikhumba ezingaziwa izimbangela zaso. Kubonakala kuqala ngokushintshwa kwengubo (ijazi elomile, elifiphele nelinamahloni) bese kuthi, kancane kancane, inja ilahlekelwe yibo bonke izinwele ezindaweni ezithintekile.

Izimpawu zokuqala zivame ukuvela ezindaweni zokungqubuzana, njengentamo noma isisekelo somsila. Ekugcineni, lesi sifo singathinta umzimba wonke futhi isikhumba ezindaweni ezithintekile siyoma, sibe rhabaxa futhi sibe ne-hyperpigmented.

Ukuzalaniswa kwemvelo kuyindlela ebalulekile yokuxilonga, kepha isampula lesikhumba elivela endaweni ethintekile nokuhlolwa kwe-histological kuyadingeka ukukhipha enye i-alopecia. Lesi sifo sithinta kakhulu izinja ezindala, ngaphandle kokuxhaphaka kocansi futhi isimo esijwayelekile sesilwane sihlala sihle.

Okwamanje akukho ukuvumelana mayelana nokwelashwa. Kwabesilisa, ukuthena kubangela ukuvuselelwa kwezinwele cishe kuma-50% wamacala, kepha ukubuyela emuva kusenokwenzeka. Iningi lezokwelapha njengamanje libhekise ekukhiqizeni ama-hormone. (4-5)

I-Polyneuropathy

I-Polyneuropathy yisimo sezinzwa esibangelwa ukwehla kwamangqamuzana ezinzwa emithanjeni exhuma umgogodla nomzimba wonke. Izimpawu zokuqala zivela ngemuva konyaka ongu-1 noma 2. Inja ayibekezeleli ukuzikhandla, iveza ukukhubazeka okuncane kwezitho ezingezansi nokuhamba okungavamile. Ukukhwehlela ne-dyspnea nakho kungenzeka.

Ukuhlolwa kofuzo kungathola lesi sifo

Akukho ukwelashwa, kepha ezimweni ezimbalwa ukuthuthuka okuzenzakalelayo kungabonakala. (4-6)

• I-Alaskan Malamute iyinhlangano yezemidlalo kakhulu, ngakho-ke ukuzivocavoca nsuku zonke kuyadingeka.
• Ijazi layo lidinga ukuxubha njalo futhi ngezikhathi ezithile ligeze.