Amazinyo okufakelwa abantu abadala

Ngisho neminyaka engu-20-30 edlule, ukukhethwa kwezakhiwo zamathambo zokubuyiselwa kwamazinyo abhujisiwe noma alahlekile kwakulinganiselwe kakhulu. Zonke zingahlukaniswa ngokwemibandela zibe ezikhiphekayo nezingakhipheki. Kodwa udokotela wamazinyo uyathuthuka, futhi namuhla iziguli zinikezwa imiklamo ehlukahlukene ezivumela ukuthi zisindise ngisho namazinyo angenathemba futhi zibuyisele amazinyo ngamazinyo angaguquki.

Izinhlobo zamazinyo okufakelwa kubantu abadala

I-Orthopedic dentistry inikeza izinhlobonhlobo zezakhiwo ezihloswe ukubuyisela izicubu ezilahlekile, i-owodwa noma ngaphezulu amazinyo anamazinyo angaguquki kubantu abadala.

Amathebhu

Lawa ama-microprostheses abuyisela ubuqotho be-anatomical yezinyo. Ama-inlay anconywa ukuthi afakwe lapho i-carious cavity inkulu noma izindonga ezilodwa noma ezimbili zezinyo zibhujiswa. Imiklamo enjalo inezinzuzo eziningi:

• ukubuyiselwa okuphelele kobuqotho bezinyo;
• amandla - bamelana nokucindezela kokuhlafuna, ingozi yokuqothuka kanye nokubhujiswa okwengeziwe kuncane;
• azisulwa futhi azinabala (ceramic).

Ukufakwa kwenziwa ngezinto ezihlukahlukene.

I-Ceramic. Zibhekwa njengokwethenjelwa kakhulu, zenziwa ngendlela engaqondile, okungukuthi, endaweni yokucwaninga ngokuya ngezigaba zomuntu ngamunye, noma kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe bekhompiyutha ye-CAD / CAM, lapho kuthathwa imibono yedijithali, ukubuyiselwa kumodelwa ngohlelo olukhethekile futhi wenziwa ngobucwebe ngokunemba emshinini. Yonke inqubo ithatha imizuzu engama-60-90.

Kusuka kungxubevange yegolide. Manje ethandwa kakhulu, kodwa enokwethenjelwa kakhulu, ngoba igolide liyi-biocompatible kanye ne-bactericidal impahla enobumnene obanele. Ngemva kokufakwa, izinhlayiya zegolide zingena kancane kancane ezicutshini zezinyo, futhi akukaze kube khona ama-caries esibili azungeze lezi zinyo. Okuwukuphela kwe-drawback yi-aesthetics, ngakho-ke kungcono ukusebenzisa kuphela amazinyo okuhlafuna.

Imiqhele

Lona ukwakhiwa kwamathambo okubuyisela izinyo elimele kakhulu ezimweni ezinzima kakhulu. Izinkomba zemiqhele zizoba:

• ukubhujiswa okuphawulekayo komqhele wezinyo - ubuchwepheshe besimanje bubuyisela ngisho nalawo mazinyo angenayo ingxenye yomqhele ngokuphelele, kodwa esimweni sokuthi impande isesimweni esihle: ngosizo lwethebhu ye-pin-stump, kwakhiwa isiphunzi sezinyo ngokusekelwa. empandeni, bese kufakwa umqhele;
• izinkinga zobuhle ezingakwazi ukubhekwana nazo ngezinye izindlela, njengama-chips amakhulu, imifantu, ukushintsha kombala ngenxa yezilonda ezingenabungozi noma ukulimala;
• i-pathological abrasion of koqweqwe lwawo - kulokhu, i-prosthetics yindlela kuphela yokulondoloza amazinyo ekubhujisweni nasekulahlekelweni.

Bridges

Uma kungabikho izinyo elilodwa noma ngaphezulu ezimweni lapho ukufakwa kungenakukwazi ukwenziwa, amabhuloho enziwa. Ukufakwa kwabo kusho ukuba khona kwamazinyo asekela izinhlangothi zombili zesici.

Amabhuloho anezigaba eziningi kanye nezici zokuklama, ngokuya ngendawo ye-prosthetics.

• Insimbi ehlanganisiwe. Ihluke ngokuqina futhi isungulwe emkhakheni wamazinyo okuhlafuna. Kodwa kwezinye izimo, insimbi ingakhanya ngoqweqwe oluncane lwe-ceramic entanyeni yezinyo, okunikeza unqenqema lwezinsini umbala ompunga, ngakho-ke izakhiwo ezinjalo azifakiwe emazinyweni afakwe endaweni yokumamatheka.
• I-Ceramic ohlakeni olusuka ku-zirconium dioxide. Izakhiwo ezisezingeni eliphezulu, azikho ngaphansi kwamandla kunangaphambili, kodwa ziwina ngokobuhle.
• Ipulasitiki nensimbi-plastiki. Inketho yesabelomali ye-prosthetics, kodwa inokuphila okufushane kwenkonzo, ngakho-ke imiklamo enjalo ivame ukubhekwa njengesilinganiso sesikhashana.

Izinzuzo zamazinyo okufakelwa

Izinzuzo zamazinyo okufakelwa kubantu abadala zincike ohlotsheni lwawo. Isibonelo, inzuzo eyinhloko ye-inlays yikhono lokulondoloza izinyo ekubhujisweni okuqhubekayo nokulahlekelwa okulandelayo, ngisho noma kusele impande eyodwa kuphela kuyo. Futhi lezi yizakhiwo ezihlala isikhathi eside uma ziqhathaniswa nezinto zokugcwalisa. Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kokuvimbela, odokotela bamazinyo abahloli kuphela isimo somlomo womlomo, kodwa futhi nokugcwaliswa. Izinto zokugcwalisa zanamuhla ziyakwazi ukumelana nomthwalo wokuhlafuna, kodwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ziyasulwa futhi zinebala, kuyilapho i-ceramics imelana nezinto ezinjalo.

Imiqhele iyithuba lokufihla amaphutha obuhle ashiwoyo, ama-chips kanye nokuphuka, ukusindisa izinyo ekubhujisweni okwengeziwe. Imiqhele ekhethwe kahle eyenziwe kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe bekhompyutha ingahlala isikhathi eside.

Isimo sinzima kakhulu ngamabhuloho - enza umonakalo omkhulu kunokuhle. Izinzuzo zabo eziyinhloko: ubuhle kanye nokubuyiselwa okuphelele komsebenzi wokuhlafuna, kanye nentengo. Lena inketho yesabelomali, nakuba ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kuba nempikiswano.

Ububi bamazinyo okufakelwa

Kunzima ukuhlola nokusho ukungalungi okuyisici sazo zonke izinhlobo ze-prostheses: ngayinye inomnikazi wayo. Isibonelo, uma siqhathanisa amathebhu nokugcwaliswa, khona-ke okokuqala kulahlekelwa ngentengo, kodwa amandla abo awakwazi ukulinganiswa ngokweqile. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ama-prosthetics anamathebhu kuzoba yisinqumo esifanele kuphela futhi azokusindisa ekumosheni isikhathi nemali.

Ukungalungi kokwenza imiqhele kuhlanganisa isidingo sokugaya amazinyo, futhi ngezinye izikhathi lezi ziyizicubu ezinempilo, kanye nokuphila okulinganiselwe kwenkonzo yemiqhele - isilinganiso seminyaka engu-10-15.

Kukhona nokubi nakakhulu kokwenziwa kwebhuloho. Kufanelekile ukuqala ngamazinyo asekelayo, adinga ukugaywa futhi yibo abazothatha umthwalo owengeziwe wokuhlafuna. Njengoba kuphawuliwe udokotela wamazinyo uDina Solodkaya, amazinyo asebenza njengesisekelo se-prosthesis yebhuloho ane "ukuphila" okufushane. Kakade ngemva kweminyaka engu-10-15, baqala ukuwa, futhi umbuzo uphakama mayelana nesidingo sokwenza i-prosthesis entsha yebhuloho yobude obude, uma kungenzeka ukuthi kusekhona ithuba elinjalo. Ngakho-ke, uma kwenzeka ukulahlekelwa amazinyo owodwa noma ngaphezulu, isisombululo esihle kakhulu kungaba ukufakelwa kwamazinyo - indlela kuphela engadingi ukugaya amazinyo angomakhelwane futhi ikuvumela ukuba umise ngokuphelele izinqubo ezibhubhisayo ezicutshini zethambo.

Izintengo zamazinyo okufakelwa

Amanani amazinyo okufakelwa ayahluka futhi ancike kumklamo okhethiwe nendawo yokuhlala. Baphinde baqhathanise izindleko zezinye izindlela. Isibonelo, amathebhu abiza kakhulu kunokugcwalisa, kodwa angaphambili avumela ngisho namazinyo angenathemba ukuthi asindiswe ekususweni nasekubhujisweni okwengeziwe, kuyilapho lingekho ithuba lokuqhekeka koqweqwe lwawo. Ngokwesilinganiso, intengo ye-ceramic inlay iqala kusuka kuma-ruble ayizinkulungwane eziyi-15.

Izindleko zemiqhele ziyahlukahluka futhi zincike ezintweni ezikhethiwe, isibonelo, iyunithi eyodwa yensimbi-ceramic - kusuka kuma-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezingu-7, futhi izindleko zomqhele we-zirconium ziqala kusuka ku-30 ​​XNUMX (ngokwesilinganiso eMoscow).

Uma kuqhathaniswa nokufakelwa, amabhuloho ashibhile, kodwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ayabiza kakhulu. Kodwa, ngaphezu kwemali, kufanele futhi uchithe isikhathi nempilo.

Izibuyekezo odokotela mayelana amazinyo okufakelwa

Amazinyo okufakelwa angashintshi ngezinye izikhathi ayiwo kuphela indlela yokusindisa izinyo ekubhujisweni nasekulahlekelweni. Ngosizo lobuchwepheshe bekhompiyutha, izinto zesimanje, ukubuyiselwa okunembile kwakhiwa okungaqondakali emazinyweni emvelo. Ukunakekelwa komlomo okucophelela nokuphelele, ukuvakashelwa okufika ngesikhathi kudokotela kuyithuba lokwandisa impilo yama-prostheses kubantu abadala.

Kodwa uma sikhuluma ngokubuyiselwa kwamazinyo alahlekile, khona-ke ama-prosthetics angaguquki ayisisebenzi. Leli yithuba lesabelomali lokubuyisela imisebenzi elahlekile kanye nobuhle ngesikhathi esifushane uma kuqhathaniswa. Kodwa ukwakhiwa kwamathambo akukona okuphakade, futhi ukuphila kwayo okujwayelekile kwenkonzo yiminyaka eyi-10-15. Ngemuva kwalokho, umklamo kuzodingeka wenziwe kabusha ube mkhulu kakhulu, ngakho-ke, obizayo, obuye uhlotshaniswe nezindleko zezimali, ingcindezi nokukhathazeka.

Ngaphakathi kohlaka lwamazinyo amnene, kunzima ukuncoma ukukhiqizwa kwamabhuloho, futhi okuwukuphela kwenketho eyamukelekayo kuleli cala ukufakwa.

Imibuzo nezimpendulo ezidumile

Kunama-nuances amaningi ekukhetheni amazinyo okufakelwa kubantu abadala, izinzuzo nezingozi zabo, kuye ngesithombe somtholampilo kanye nezifiso zesiguli. Akumangalisi ukuthi miningi imibuzo esele. Futhi izimpendulo ethandwa kakhulu udokotela wamazinyo, i-implantologist, udokotela wamathambo u-Dina Solodkaya.