Ungqongqoshe weSolidarity and Health u-Agnès Buzyn uthe ngoLwesibili Julayi 11 inkampani yaseFrance isikulungele ukunwetshwa kosizo lokuzala kwabesifazane abangashadile nabangqingili. " Kimina kubonakala sengathi iFrance isilungile ", Umemezele kumbhobho weFrance Inter. Kodwa akubonakali kunokuvumelana ngalo mbuzo. Ukuvota kuyaphikisana futhi akekho ongenandaba nombuzo. Ukuze wakhe umbono, kufanele kuqala wazi ukuthi ukhuluma ngani.

Iyini i-PMA?

I-PMA noma i-medical assisted procreation (AMP) “ kuhilela ukuphatha iqanda kanye / noma isidoda ukuze kuqhutshekwe nokuvundiswa », ngamazwi eNational Institute of Health and Medical Research. Njengamanje, ivumela imibhangqwana ehluleka ukuba nezingane ukuba ikhulelwe.

Kunama-MPA ahlukene, ahlasela kakhulu noma kancane. Phakathi kwazo kukhona ukufakelwa isidoda, okuhlanganisa ukujova isidoda ngokuqondile esibelethweni sowesifazane lapho ekhipha iqanda; i-in vitro fertilization (IVF), okuhlanganisa ukuhlanganisa iqanda nesidoda endaweni yokucwaninga nokudluliselwa, ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngemva kokuvundiswa, imibungu iye esibelethweni sowesifazane; i-in vitro fertilization nge-ICSI (“intracytoplasmic sperm injection”), ehilela ukujova ngokuqondile isidoda ku-oocyte; kanye nokwamukela umbungu komunye umbhangqwana. Esimweni sakamuva, abazali bomntwana ngeke babe namalungelo kuye. Umnikelo wabo ngeke udalulwe futhi umahhala.

Obani abangazuza ngosizo lokukhiqiza?

Namuhla, izithandani ezinobulili obuhlukile kuphela lapho ukuzala kuye kwaqashelwa uchwepheshe wezempilo noma abathwali besifo esibi kakhulu sofuzo esingadlulela enganeni noma kumlingani womshado bangakwazi ukufinyelela ku-ART. Umbhangqwana ubhekwa njengenyumba lapho uhlulekile ukukhulelwa ingane ngemva kwezinyanga ezingu-12 kuya kwezingu-24 zokuzama. Ngakho-ke umbhangqwana owawusanda kuhlangana awukwazanga ukusabela kuwo.

I-PMA iphendula kakhulu inkinga yokungazali. Uma ivumela abesifazane abangashadile nabathanda ubulili obufanayo, izolahlekelwa yilo mlingiswa ohlukile ngokuzenzakalelayo. Abashadile ngeke kusadingeka bathethelele noma yikuphi ukungazali ukuze bazuze kukho.

Isebenza kanjani insiza yokukhiqiza?

Ngaphambi kokuqalisa iphrojekthi ye-MAP, imibhangqwana kufanele iye ochungechungeni lwezingxoxo ezizohlose ukubahlinzeka ngolwazi olungcono kakhulu. Kuzomele bazi ubungozi, amathuba okuphumelela kodwa futhi ngaphezu kwakho konke inqubo ezofaneleka kakhulu esimweni sabo. Khona-ke, umbhangqwana uzoba nenyanga yokucabanga ngokucophelela ngayo yonke le mibuzo futhi ekupheleni kwalesi sikhathi, ungaqinisekisa ukukhetha kwabo ngokubhala.

Ukubambezeleka kuzoba isikhathi eside kumbhangqwana olinde ukunikelwa kwesidoda. Le minikelo ngokusobala ayibalulekile kunesidingo. Akuvamile ukubona izithandani zilinda iminyaka engaphezu kwemibili.

Ayini amathuba okuphumelela?

Amathuba okuphumelela ahluka ngokwedlulele. Uma ukuzalanisa okwenziwa kungasebenzi, umbhangqwana uzolulekwa ukuthi uphendukele ku-IVF. Ama-AMP anamathuba amaningi okuphumelela yi-IVF-ICSI: amathuba angama-22%.. Amathuba okuphumelela angu-20% e-IVF evamile, angu-10% okufakelwa amadlozi kanye no-14% okudluliselwa kombungu oqandisiwe. Le nqubo ingadala ukudumazeka kwangempela kubazali.

I-PMA ibuyiselwa ku-100% yi-Health Insurance, ngaphakathi komkhawulo we-6 insemination yokwenziwa kanye ne-4 in vitro fertilization. Kodwa kuthiwani uma i-PMA ivulekele abesifazane abangashadile noma abangqingili? I-National Consultative Ethics Council isivele yathi iyaphikisana nokufakwa ngokugcwele yi-Social Security uma uhlelo luvulekele bonke abesifazane.

Zingaki izingane ezazalelwa eFrance ngenxa yosizo lokuzala?

Izibalo zakamuva zibuyela emuva ku-2010. Ngalowo nyaka, Izingane ezingama-22 zazalwa ngenxa ye-ART, noma u-2,7% wokuzalwa. Indlela ephumelela kakhulu ngaleso sikhathi kwakuyi-IVF-ICSI yangaphakathi komshado.

UClaire Verdier

Funda futhi: Ukuzala: kungaba futhi ekhanda?