Okuqukethwe
Njengoba ukubeletha kusondela, umzimba womama ozayo uyazilungiselela ngaphansi komphumela wamahomoni okuphela kokukhulelwa. Ingozi yokukhula ngaphambi kwesikhathi ikhishwe ngaphandle, umntwana ulungele ukuzalwa. Kodwa usuku ngalunye aluchitha esibelethweni sikamama, kuye, amagremu ambalwa angamashumi ambalwa okuzomsiza ukuba abe namandla okujwayela impilo yakhe entsha.
Amaviki angama-36 ekhulelwe: injani ingane?
Emavikini ama-3 ukusuka ethemini, umntwana ukala isilinganiso esingu-46 cm. Isisindo sayo singu-2,65 kg. Angazalwa nganoma yisiphi isikhathi: ngeke adinge noma yiluphi usizo. Ezinsukwini zokugcina zokukhulelwa, uzozuza ikakhulukazi isisindo, ngesilinganiso se-20 kuya ku-30 g ngosuku.
Uthuthukisa ingqondo yakhe yokuncela usuku nosuku ngokuqhubeka egwinya i-amniotic fluid, kodwa inani lalolu ketshezi liqala ukuncipha esikhwameni se-amniotic. Izinzwa zakhe zibheke zonke izisusa: imisindo yomzimba kanina kodwa nomsindo wangaphandle, amazwi, ukuthinta, ukunambitha ngoketshezi lwe-amniotic. Kuleli gama, umntwana usabela ngendlela ehlukile kuye ngokuthi umsindo unamandla kangakanani. Lapho ezwa umsindo ongaphezu kwama-decibel angu-105, ukushaya kwenhliziyo yakhe kuzonyuka ngesivinini futhi uzogxuma.
Ngezinye izikhathi iqala izinsuku ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuzalwa ukuze yehlele okhalweni, ngaleyo ndlela ikhulule isikhala ngaphansi kwe-diaphragm. Uma engakaphenduki, mancane amathuba okuthi akwenze ngalesi sikhathi ngoba useqala ukumpintshana kakhulu esibelethweni sikanina. Njengama-5% ezingane ezisanda kuzalwa, ngakho-ke izozalwa nge-breech, ngendlela yemvelo noma ngokuhlinzwa.
Umzimba kamama emasontweni angama-36 ekhulelwe?
Njengoba leli gama lisondela, amahomoni asebenza ndawonye ukuze alungiselele umzimba ukubeletha. I-metabolism iyashesha, umthamo wegazi usezingeni eliphezulu, imikhumbi iyanwebeka ukuze ibambe lokhu kuthutheleka kwegazi. Ngaphansi komphumela we-relaxin, imigqa kanye namalunga aphumule. Lokhu kuzovumela i-pelvis, ngo-D-day, ukuvula amamilimitha ambalwa ukuze kube lula ukuhamba kwengane.
Uma ingane isiqalile ukwehlela okhalweni, isibeletho sicindezela kancane ku-diaphragm, futhi umama ozayo uzozizwa ephelelwa umoya. Olunye uhlangothi lwemali: ukucindezela okwengeziwe phansi futhi ikakhulukazi esinyeni. Ukuzwa ukuqina kwesisu esingaphansi, ukuqina kwe-pelvis, iziqongo ezincane ku-pubis zivame ukucasula ekupheleni kokukhulelwa.
Ukukhathala nokushintshashintsha kwemizwelo
Phakathi kokuntula isineke, ukukhathala ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo, ukukhathazeka nenjabulo, imizwelo iyashintshashintsha njengoba ukubeletha kusondela. Isimo sezulu se-hormonal ekupheleni kokukhulelwa siqinisa lesi simo emaphethelweni. Njengobusuku obuvame ukuba nzima njengoba kusondela ukuphela kosuku. Phakathi kobunzima bokuthola indawo enethezekile, amajaqamba ebusuku, i-reflux ye-gastroesophageal kanye nokukhathazeka okungase kuvele emcamelweni, umama okhulelwe uvame ukubhekana nobunzima bokuthola ubuthongo obumnandi.
Lesi siphelo sokukhulelwa siphawulwa futhi, ezingeni elingokwengqondo, yisimo se-hypervigilance. Yilokhu udokotela wezingane oyiNgisi uDonald W. Winnicott akubiza ngokukhathazeka okuyinhloko komama. Lokhu hypersensitivity kuzovumela umama, lapho ingane yakhe isezandleni zakhe, ukuphendula ngokushesha futhi ngangokunokwenzeka ezidingweni zakhe. Lesi simo sibuye sihambisane nokuhoxiswa kuwe: ku-bubble yakhe, uphenduke ngokuphelele enganeni yakhe, ikhanda elincane emoyeni, umama ozayo ulungiselela isidleke sakhe. Siphinde sikhulume "ngokwakha isidleke".
Izimpawu zokubeletha
Kuleli qophelo, umsebenzi ungaqala noma nini. Izimpawu ezihlukene zingakhombisa ukuqala kokusikwa nokuya ewodini yababeletha:
ukufinyela okuvamile nokubuhlungu njalo ngemizuzu emi-5, okuthatha amahora angu-2 kumntwana wokuqala, ihora elingu-1 kulaba abalandelayo;
ukulahleka kwamanzi.
Nokho, ukulahlekelwa ipulaki yamafinyila kukodwa akulona uphawu lokubeletha, ngakho-ke asikho isidingo sokuya egunjini lababelethayo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyadingeka ukuya ezimeni eziphuthumayo zokubeletha kulezi ezinye izimo:
ukulahleka kwegazi;
imfiva (ngaphezu kuka-38 ° C);
ukuntuleka kokunyakaza kwengane amahora angu-24;
ukuzuza kwesisindo esisheshayo, i-edema engazelelwe, ukuphazamiseka okubukwayo (i-preeclampsia engenzeka);
ukulunywa kuwo wonke umzimba (uphawu olungenzeka lwe-cholestasis yokukhulelwa).
Izinto okufanele uzikhumbule ngeviki lama-38
Isisu sinzima, ubusuku bunzima: kunanini ngaphambili, sekuyisikhathi sokuphumula nokuphumula. Ukulala kancane emini kukuvumela ukuthi ululame kancane. Ukuze uthole ukulala, umama ozayo angaphinde aphendukele emithini ye-herbal, enamakhambi e-lime blossom, i-verbena, isihlahla samawolintshi, i-passionflower.
Ukuhamba kokubeletha kungenzeka nganoma yisiphi isikhathi, wonke amalungiselelo kufanele agcwaliswe: ikhithi yokubeletha, ifayela lezokwelapha, amaphepha okuphatha. Uhlu lokugcina oluncane lokuhlola luzovumela abazali besikhathi esizayo ukuba babe nokuthula okwengeziwe.
Impilo yabesifazane: okudingeka ukwazi
Emavikini angu-36-37 okukhulelwa, owesifazane ukhathele isikhundla sakhe futhi ufuna ukuhlangana ngokushesha nengane. Isisu sakhe sesivele sikhulu kangangokuthi kungase kube nzima kumama okhulelwe ukuba athole indawo ekhululekile yokulala nokuphumula. Abesifazane abaningi bakhononda ngobuhlungu obubuhlungu esifundeni se-lumbar. Kungase kube nokungakhululeki ekunyakazeni kwe-fetus okusebenzayo, okuzwakala njengokushaywa okunamandla ngaphansi kwesisu, esibindini, ngaphansi kwezimbambo.
Emavikini angu-36-37 okukhulelwa, abesifazane abaningi babika ukuchama njalo, ikakhulukazi ebusuku. Ukuntuleka kokulala njalo kuhlotshaniswa nalokhu, njengoba umama okhulelwe kufanele avuke kaningi, futhi-ke kungaba nzima ukuthola indawo ekhululekile yokulala. Ukuqwasha kungahlotshaniswa nokufinyela kokuqeqeshwa abesifazane abaningi ababhekana nakho phakathi nalesi sikhathi.
Ekupheleni kokukhulelwa, isilungulela ngokuvamile sivela - cishe ngemva kokudla konke. Lapho isisu sikhula, sinamandla ukungakhululeki kuyoba. Ziyancipha ngokushesha lapho isisu sehla - futhi lesi sibonakaliso sibonisa indlela eseduze yokubeletha.
Isicanucanu nokuhlanza, okuvamile ezigabeni zokuqala, ngokuvamile akukukhathazi emasontweni okugcina okukhulelwa. Kodwa uma owesifazane egula, kufanele azise udokotela ngakho. Izimpawu ezinjalo zenzeka ngokulimala kwesibindi futhi zingaba yingozi kumama nombungu. Uma ungazizwa nje ugula, kodwa futhi unesifo sohudo, izinga lokushisa lomzimba wakho liphakeme, kufanele ucabange ngokudla okunobuthi noma ukutheleleka kwamathumbu. Kulesi simo, awukwazi ukwenza ngaphandle kosizo lukadokotela.
Iseluleko
- Njengoba isisu sinesisindo esiningi ngaphambili, sonke isimo siyashintsha: izinso zivuleke, amakhothamo okhalweni. Ukuvivinya umzimba njalo kwe-pelvic kungasiza ekudambiseni izinhlungu ezingezansi. Ukunyakaza okujikelezayo kwe-pelvis ebholeni elikhulu nakho kuyasebenza.
- Lapho elele emhlane wakhe noma ngakwesokudla, umama wesikhathi esizayo angase azizwe ekhululekile kancane. Lokhu kwehla kwe-tension kungenxa yokucindezelwa kwesibeletho se-inferior vena cava. Khona-ke kuhle ukubeka ohlangothini lwesobunxele.
- Ngisho noma ukuphela kokukhulelwa kusondela, kubalulekile ukuqhubeka nokunakekelwa okuncane: ukuthambisa kwesisu (ngamafutha emifino e-almond amnandi, ukhukhunathi, ibhotela le-shea ngokwesibonelo) ukuvimbela ukubukeka kwama-stretch marks, massage ye-perineum ithambise.
- Ngokunjalo, kuyatuseka ukuthi uzijwayeze njalo ekhaya izivivinyo ezifundwe ngesikhathi samakilasi okulungiselela ukubeletha: ukuphefumula, ukwelapha ukuphumula ukuze uphinde uzole, ukuma kwe-yoga, njll.
Izimpawu zokubeletha: indlela yokubona
Ekupheleni kokukhulelwa, omama abaningi abakhulelwe bayaqaphela ukubukeka kwezimpawu zokubeletha. Nakhu okwenzekayo:
Umntwana uhambela lapho ephuma khona emgodini we-pelvic - ulungiselela ukubeletha. Isibeletho siyehla - futhi kubonakala ngokubonakalayo ukuthi isisu manje siphansi. Njengoba isibeletho singasacindezeli kakhulu i-diaphragm nezitho zesisu, kuba lula ngomama okhulelwe ukuba aphefumule. Yehlisa isilungulela, ithuthukisa ukugaya. Kodwa isifiso sokuya endlini yangasese siba kaningi, ngoba manje isibeletho sicindezela kakhulu esinyeni. Imizwa enjalo iphikelela kuze kube yilapho umntwana ezalwa.
Futhi uma ngaphambili umntwana wayenyakaza ngenkuthalo, manje usezolile. Uminyene emnyango we-pelvis encane, ulungiselela ukuzalwa okuzayo. Umntwana usakhahlela, kodwa ubukhulu balokhu kunyakaza buba buncane.
Ngokuvamile, ivala ukuphuma esibelethweni kukho konke ukukhulelwa. Ekupheleni kwethemu, isuka ngokushesha ibe yiqhubu elikhanyayo noma inikezwe izingxenye. Ngemuva kokuthi ipulaki ye-mucosal isidlulile, ukuzala ngokuvamile kuqala ezinsukwini ezimbalwa.
Umama okhulelwe uphawula ukuthi isisu sakhe siyadonsa. Kungase kube nezinhlungu ezihlabayo ngaphansi kwesisu. Imizwa enjalo ifana naleyo yokubeletha - futhi akumangazi ukuthi abesifazane abaningi bayayidida futhi bacabange ukuthi sekuyisikhathi sokuba umntwana azalwe. Kodwa ngokungafani neqiniso, ukufinyela okungamanga akuvamile futhi akuhlali isikhathi eside kakhulu. Azikhuli ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kodwa kunalokho ziyehla – futhi ziphinde futhi ngemva kwamahora ambalwa noma ngisho nangosuku olulandelayo.
Izimpawu zokubeletha kwabesifazane abaningi zivela ngesonto lama-36-37, kuma-primiparas - isilinganiso samasonto amabili kamuva.
Kunothi
Isimo somlomo wesibeletho sikhuluma ngokuthembekile kakhulu ngokuqala okuseduze kokubeletha. Udokotela angakwazi ukuyihlola ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa esihlalweni se-gynecological. Kuze kube yilapho isibeletho siqala, umlomo wesibeletho uhlala uvaliwe futhi uqinile. Njengoba usuku lokuzalwa lusondela, luyathambisa, lufinyeze futhi luvuleke kancane. Ukuvulwa komlomo wesibeletho ngo-2 cm noma ngaphezulu kubonisa ukuqala kwesigaba sokuqala sokubeletha futhi kuhambisana nokubonakala kokunciphisa okuvamile.
Abesifazane bayakhuthazwa ukuthi babuke amavidiyo okubeletha akhuthazayo ukuze baqonde inqubo, futhi bathathe izifundo zabomama. Uma kuvela izinzwa ezingavamile - isibonelo, ukudonsa isisu noma ukugula, kufanelekile ukwazisa udokotela ngalokhu.
Izimpawu zokubeletha kuma-multiparous kanye nama-primipara aziguquki ngokushesha zibe izifinyezo zangempela. Ngokuvamile zihlala amasonto angu-1-3. Kodwa ngolunye usuku, ukufinyela kokuqeqeshwa kungaba okwangempela, umlomo wesibeletho uzovuleka, futhi umntwana uzoqala intuthuko yakhe ngokusebenzisa umsele wokuzalwa. Udinga ukulungiselela lokhu - ngeviki lama-36, ukubeletha kungaqala nganoma yisiphi isikhathi.
Ukuhlolwa kweviki lama-36 lokukhulelwa
Ekupheleni kokukhulelwa, udokotela uyaqhubeka nokuqapha isimo sowesifazane kanye nengane. Kunconywa ukuvakashela i-gynecologist kanye ngesonto - kuncike empilweni enhle. Uma kuvela izikhalazo, futhi kukhona okukukhathazayo, udinga ukubonana nodokotela ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka.
I-Ultrasound isikhathi esingamaviki angama-36 ayihlelwanga. Kodwa-ke, uma ochwepheshe benokukhathazeka, noma owesifazane ezizwa engaphilile, kungase kunqunywe i-ultrasound scan.
Esikhathini ngasinye sokuqokwa, udokotela ukala ubude be-fundus yesibeletho kanye nomjikelezo wesisu sowesifazane, futhi ulalela nokushaya kwenhliziyo yengane. Ngokwezinkomba, i-cardiotocography (CTG) inqunyelwe. Uma umntwana ehlushwa ukuntuleka komoya-mpilo ngeviki lama-36 lokukhulelwa, lokhu kungatholakala ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa.
Ukunakwa okukhethekile ngalesi sikhathi kufanele abesifazane umbungu wabo usesethulweni se-breech. Ingane ingagingqika – kodwa, njengomthetho, lokhu kwenzeka ngaphambi kwamasonto angama-36. Uma lokhu kungenzeki, kuhlelwa ukuhlinzwa. Ukuzizalela ekwethuleni ibele kuyingozi kumama nengane.
Amathiphu awusizo kumama okhulelwe
Ngokuvamile, ukubeletha kwenzeka ngeviki lama-37-41 lokukhulelwa. Ngalesi sikhathi, umntwana usuke esekulungele ukuzalwa. Ku-primiparas, ukubeletha, njengomthetho, kuqala kamuva - ngasekupheleni kwesikhathi esibekiwe. Ngomsebenzi wesibili nolandelayo umsebenzi ungase uqale ekuqaleni. Kuyenzeka futhi ukuthi ngeviki lama-36-37 lokukhulelwa, ukuncishiswa kokuqeqeshwa kuphenduka okuyiqiniso - futhi umntwana uyazalwa. Udinga ukulungiselela lokhu:
Ezibhedlela eziningi zanamuhla zokubeletha, ukuhlala ngokuhlanganyela komama nengane kwenziwa (ngaphandle kwamacala wesimo esibucayi sosana olusanda kuzalwa noma i-puerperal). Ukuzalwa kungenziwa ngokubambisana - ungamema umyeni wakho, intombi noma i-doula nawe.
Ungafika esibhedlela sokubeletha emsebenzini - futhi ngeke ukwazi ukukhetha udokotela ozobelethisa ozobeletha. Noma ungaphetha isivumelwano nodokotela kusengaphambili futhi uzole - udokotela wakho uzokuphelezela ngalesi sikhathi esinzima.
Kufanele ibe nakho konke okudingayo: imibhalo, ukushintsha izingubo, izingubo zengane, amanabukeni nemikhiqizo yenhlanzeko.
Imikhuba yokuphefumula, i-massage, i-yoga - konke lokhu kuzosiza ukuphila ukubeletha ngokunethezeka okuhlobene. Nakekela lokhu kusengaphambili: funda indlela yokuphefumula kahle ngesikhathi sokufinyela nemizamo, indlela yokwenza ukuzibhucunga nokuthi yiziphi i-yoga asanas ezizosiza ukubhekana nobuhlungu bokubeletha.
Manje uyazi ukuthi kwenzekani kowesifazane nengane ngeviki lama-36 lokukhulelwa. Uma unokungabaza noma imibuzo, ungangabazi ukubuza udokotela wakho. Buka inhlalakahle yakho, ukunyakaza kombungu, futhi uzilungiselele - maduze lesi sikhathi esimangalisayo sizophela, futhi inkathi entsha izoqala empilweni yakho.
ahsante kwa somo zuri