Okuqukethwe
Izinhlobo zezikelemu enganeni
I-Helminths, noma kubantu - izibungu, izibungu ze-parasitic. Bathanda ukuhlala emizimbeni yabantu, njengoba kukhona kokubili ukudla nendawo ethokomele yokuzalana.
Kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-400 zezibungu ezingaba yi-parasitize emzimbeni wethu. Akudingekile ukubala zonke, ake sigxile kulezi ezivame kakhulu.
- I-Nematodes izikelemu eziyindilinga. Zivame kakhulu ezinganeni. Amagciwane anjalo ahlanganisa i-pinworm, i-whipworm, i-trichinella, i-roundworm.
- Itheyiphu - izikelemu eziyisicaba. Lokhu kuhlanganisa izinhlobo ezahlukene ze-tapeworms, tapeworms kanye ne-echinococcus.
- Ama-parasitic flukes - ama-trematodes. Lezi zidalwa ezimbi zibangela izifo eziningi, kuhlanganise ne-schistosomiasis, i-opisthorchiasis, i-fascioliasis, i-paragonimiasis, nezinye.
Izimbangela zezikelemu enganeni
– Izingane zisemathubeni amaningi okuthi zingenwe izikelemu kunabantu abadala. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi umzimba wezingane awuvikelekile kahle, ngoba izindlela zokuzivikela zisanda kwakhiwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingane ixhumana ngenkuthalo nemvelo yangaphandle, ilwela ukunambitha konke, ibeka izandla ezingcolile, isihlabathi, nomhlaba emlonyeni wakhe. Abazali kufanele benze imizamo emangalisayo yokumjwayeza imithetho eyisisekelo yenhlanzeko yomuntu siqu. Ingane engaphansi kweminyaka engu-6 ubudala isengozini enkulu yokutheleleka. Ngokwezibalo, cishe u-95% wezingane ezineminyaka engaphansi kwe-4-5 ubudala zingenwa izikelemu, kusho udokotela ojwayelekile, udokotela womndeni u-Aigul Kharisova.
Izimbangela zezikelemu enganeni ngokuvamile ziyilezi ezilandelayo:
- ilukuluku nesifiso sokubeka yonke into emlonyeni, kusukela ezandleni futhi kugcine ngezinto eziphakanyiswe phansi;
- ukungagcinwa kwemithetho yenhlanzeko, ikakhulukazi ngokuhambisana nesigaba esedlule. Izingane ngokuvamile azigezi izandla ngemva kokudlala ngaphandle, ngemva kokuphuma endlini yangasese, ngaphambi kokudla, futhi abazali abakwazi ukulawula yonke into;
- izingane eziningi zithanda ukumunca isithupha, lo mkhuba omubi, njengothando lokuluma izipikili, ngokushesha noma kamuva uzoholela ekuthelelekeni ngama-parasites;
- ingozi imifino engageziwe, izithelo, imifino kanye namajikijolo, kanye nenyama ecutshungulwe kahle ngokwanele;
- amanye ama-parasite ahlala emanzini, ngakho kuyingozi ukuphuza amanzi aluhlaza avela emithonjeni engaziwa noma ukugeza ukudla ngawo;
- ingozi yokuthola izikelemu iyanda uma kunezilwane ezifuywayo ekhaya. Izinja namakati ahamba emgwaqeni angaletha amaqanda e-helminth eboyeni bawo. Lokhu akusho ukuthi ngezinye izikhathi izilwane ngokwazo zigula ngezibungu, ngoba akubona bonke abanikazi abaziyisa ekwelapheni kwe-anthelmintic;
- imbangela yezikelemu ezinganeni futhi izinga eliphansi lenhlanzeko endlini. Uma phansi kungavamile ukugezwa, uthuli lusulwa kuphela ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, futhi izicathulo zasemgwaqweni azisuswa, kukhona wonke amathuba okutheleleka.
Ngokuvamile, izibungu "ziboshwe" lapho zithintana nezinye izingane, ikakhulukazi ezinkulisa noma kwezinye izikhungo ezifanayo.
Ukwelashwa kwezikelemu enganeni
Konke kuqala ngohambo oluya kudokotela wezingane. Ngokusekelwe ekuhlaziyeni nasekuphawuleni kwabazali, uzokwazi ukuthola ukuthi ingane inezibungu yini. Ngemva kwalokho, umntwana uzonikezwa ukwelashwa okuyinkimbinkimbi, okuzohlanganisa ukuthatha izidakamizwa ezibhubhisa izibungu, nezinye izidakamizwa eziningi.
Into esemqoka okufanele uyikhumbule ukuthi ukuzelapha uma kwenzeka izibungu kuyingozi enkulu. Odokotela baxwayisa ngokuthi izidakamizwa ezilwa nama-parasite zinzima kakhulu emzimbeni, ikakhulukazi uma kuziwa enganeni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunezinhlobo eziningi zezibungu kangangokuthi amathuba okukhetha umuthi ofanele ngaphandle kolwazi olufanele mancane.
Ukwelashwa kwezikelemu enganeni kuhlangene, njengomthetho, ngokudla amavithamini nama-enzyme, kanye nokudla. Ukudla okunoshukela nokunesitashi kuyodingeka kukhishwe ekudleni okwesikhashana.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, akusizi ukwelapha ingane kuphela ngezikelemu. Izihlobo ezisondelene kakhulu nengane nazo zingase zibe negciwane. Ngakho-ke, ukuze ukwelashwa kungabi nanjongo, wonke umuntu kuyodingeka ahlolwe.
Imaphi amaphilisi angasetshenziswa
Ngaphandle kokuqokwa kukadokotela wezingane, akufanele uthathe noma yimaphi amaphilisi, futhi ngokuqinisekile yi-antiparasite.
- Kungakhathaliseki ubudala besiguli, izidakamizwa ze-anthelmintic zinqunyiwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-probiotics, ama-enterosorbents, ama-antihistamine, i-vitamin B12, i-folic acid, amalungiselelo ensimbi, i-hepatoprotectors, amalungiselelo e-enzyme anqunyiwe, - uthi. udokotela womndeni u-Aigul Kharisova.
Ama-Anthelmintics azobhubhisa izikelemu, ama-antihistamine azovimbela ukungezwani komzimba nezimuncagazi ezifayo. Ama-Enterosorbents azosiza ukususa emzimbeni imikhiqizo esele ngemuva komsebenzi obalulekile wezibungu. I-Vitamin B12, i-folic acid ne-iron amalungiselelo ihloselwe ukubhekana ne-anemia: ngenxa yezibungu emzimbeni, izinga le-hemoglobin noma inani lamangqamuzana abomvu egazi livame ukwehla. Ama-hepatoprotectors azovikela isibindi, ama-enzyme azothuthukisa ukugaya, futhi ama-probiotics azokwenza i-microflora ibe evamile.
Izindlela zendabuko zokwelashwa
Ngokumangalisayo, imbewu yethanga ingasiza ekulweni nezikelemu. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, zingasetshenziswa efomini elomile kokubili izingane kanye nabantu abadala. Ziqukethe izinto ezikhethekile ze-cucurbitins, ezikwazi ukubhubhisa izibungu ze-parasitic.
Kodwa-ke, imithi yendabuko ngokwayo ayinakwenzeka ukubhekana nalesi sifo; kungcono ukuyihlanganisa nokuthatha imithi enqunywe udokotela wezingane. Into ewukuthi izinkinga ze-helminthiases ziyingozi kakhulu futhi akufanele zilethwe kubo.
Ngesikhathi sokubona udokotela
Izingane zingase zingaboni noma yiziphi izimpawu zezikelemu. Yilapho umzali engena khona. Bhekisisa, uma ingane yakho inalezi zimpawu, kufanele uthintane nodokotela:
- ukulunywa ku-anus;
- ukubonakala kwe-rash esikhumbeni;
- isicanucanu njalo, ukuhlanza (ngaphandle kobuthi);
- ukwephulwa kwendle (isifo sohudo, ukuqunjelwa);
- ukuphazamiseka kokulala, ukuqwasha;
- ukungezwani komzimba ngendlela yokukhwehlela, i-bronchitis, i-asthmatic;
- ama-lymph nodes avuvukale noma akhulisiwe;
- ubuthakathaka, ukukhathala ngaphandle kwesizathu esithile;
- ukwanda okungazelelwe kwezinga lokushisa ngaphandle kwezifo ezihambisanayo;
- ubuhlungu emisipha namalunga ngokungabikho kokuzikhandla ngokweqile;
- ukuhona ebusuku nokugedla amazinyo ngesikhathi sokulala;
- ukunciphisa umzimba ngaphandle kwezinguquko ekudleni nasendleleni yokuphila.
Ezinganeni, izikelemu zivame ukuzizwa zinezinkinga ze-dyspeptic: isicanucanu, ubuhlungu besisu, ukuphazamiseka kwesitulo, ukuqunjelwa, nokuduma. Nge-enterobiasis - ukutheleleka nge-pinworms - (ivame ukwenzeka ezinganeni zasenkulisa), ukulunywa ebusuku nasebusuku kwenzeka ku-anus.
Ukuvimbela izikelemu enganeni
Into eyinhloko abazali okufanele bayenze ukuvimbela izibungu emntwaneni ukumfundisa ukulandela imithetho yokuhlanzeka: geza izandla zakho ngensipho ngemva komgwaqo, ngemva kokusebenzisa indlu yangasese, ngaphambi kokudla.
Kubantu abadala, kuyanconywa:
- ukuqapha njalo ingane phakathi nemidlalo nokuhamba ukuze angathathi izinto ezithathwe phansi noma phansi emlonyeni wakhe;
- geza imifino, izithelo, amakhambi namajikijolo, "ugcobe" ngamanzi abilayo;
- inyama, inhlanzi, izilwane zasolwandle, inqubo ngokucophelela ngaphambi kokudla;
- qaphela izinga lamanzi owaphuzayo;
- gcina ifulethi lihlanzekile, wenze ukuhlanza okumanzi, geza ilineni lombhede;
- amakati nezinja - kabili ngonyaka ukuyisa kudokotela wezilwane ukuze uthole ukwelashwa kwe-anthelmintic.