Ukusebenza ngamathebula ku-Excel

I-Excel ithathwa ngabaningi njengohlelo lwesipredishithi. Ngakho-ke, umbuzo wokuthi ungakha kanjani nokusebenza ngamatafula ungase ubonakale uyinqaba ekuqaleni. Kodwa bambalwa abantu abazi ukuthi yimuphi umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwe-Excel namaspredishithi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, le ngxenye yephakheji ye-Microsoft Office ayihlali isebenzisana namaspredishithi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umsebenzi oyinhloko we-Excel ukucubungula ulwazi olungase lwethulwe ngezindlela ezahlukene. Futhi ngendlela yethebula.

Noma isimo singase siphakame lapho kudingekile ukukhetha uhla oluhlukile lwethebula bese ulufometha ngokufanele. Ngokuvamile, kunenombolo enkulu yamathuba okusebenzisa amatafula, ngakho-ke ake siwabheke ngokuningiliziwe.

Umqondo wamatafula ahlakaniphile

Usekhona umehluko phakathi kweshidi le-Excel nesipredishithi esihlakaniphile. Eyokuqala imane iyindawo equkethe inani elithile lamaseli. Ezinye zazo zingase zigcwaliswe ngolwazi oluthile, kuyilapho ezinye zingenalutho. Kodwa awukho umehluko oyisisekelo phakathi kwabo ngokombono wezobuchwepheshe.

Kodwa ispredishithi se-Excel siwumqondo ohluke kakhulu. Ayikhawulelwe kuhlu lwedatha, inezinto zayo, igama, isakhiwo esithile kanye nenani elikhulu lezinzuzo.

Ngakho-ke, ungakhetha igama elihlukile letafula le-Excel - "I-Smart Table" noma I-Smart Table.

Dala ithebula elihlakaniphile

Ake sithi sidale ibanga ledatha elinolwazi lokuthengisa.

Akukabi itafula. Ukuze uvule ibanga kulo, udinga ukulikhetha bese uthola ithebhu ethi "Faka" bese uthola inkinobho ethi "Ithebula" kubhulokhi yegama elifanayo.

Kuzovela iwindi elincane. Kuyo, ungalungisa isethi yamaseli ofuna ukuwashintsha abe itafula. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele ucacise ukuthi umugqa wokuqala uqukethe izihloko zekholomu. Ungasebenzisa futhi isinqamuleli sekhibhodi u-Ctrl + T ukuze uveze ibhokisi lengxoxo elifanayo.

Empeleni, akukho okudingeka kushintshwe ezimweni eziningi. Ngemva kokuqinisekiswa kwesenzo ngokucindezela inkinobho ethi "KULUNGILE", ububanzi obukhethwe ngaphambilini buzoba itafula ngokushesha.

Ngaphambi kokusetha ngokuqondile izakhiwo zayo, udinga ukuqonda ukuthi uhlelo ngokwalo lubona kanjani ithebula. Ngemva kwalokho, izinto eziningi zizocaca.

Ukuqonda Isakhiwo Sethebula le-Excel

Wonke amathebula anegama elithile eliboniswa kuthebhu ethi Design ekhethekile. Iboniswa ngemva nje kokukhethwa kwanoma iyiphi iseli. Ngokuzenzakalelayo, igama lithatha ifomu elithi “Ithebula 1” noma “Ithebula 2”, futhi ngokulandelana.

Uma udinga ukuba namatafula amaningana kudokhumenti eyodwa, kunconywa ukuba unikeze amagama anjalo ukuze kamuva uqonde ukuthi yiluphi ulwazi oluqukethwe lapho. Ngokuzayo, kuzoba lula kakhulu ukuxhumana nazo, kuwe nakubantu ababuka idokhumenti yakho.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, amathebula anegama angasetshenziswa kokuthi Umbuzo Wamandla noma ezinye izengezo ezimbalwa.

Masibize ithebula lethu “Bika”. Igama lingabonakala efasiteleni elibizwa ngokuthi umphathi wegama. Ukuyivula, udinga ukuhamba ngale ndlela elandelayo: Amafomula - Amagama Achaziwe - Umphathi Wegama.

Kungenzeka futhi ukufaka ifomula ngesandla, lapho ungabona khona igama letafula.

Kodwa into ehlekisa kakhulu ukuthi i-Excel iyakwazi ukubona ngesikhathi esisodwa itafula ezigabeni eziningana: lilonke, kanye namakholomu ngamanye, izihloko, isamba. Khona-ke izixhumanisi zizobukeka kanje.

Ngokuvamile, ukwakhiwa okunjalo kunikezwa kuphela ngenjongo yokuma okunembe kakhudlwana. Kodwa asikho isidingo sokuwabamba ngekhanda. Avezwa ngokuzenzakalelayo kumathiphu amathuluzi avela ngemva kokukhetha Ithebula nokuthi amabakaki ayisikwele azovulwa kanjani. Ukuze uwafake, kufanele uqale uvule ukwakheka kwesiNgisi.

Inketho oyifunayo ingatholwa kusetshenziswa ukhiye we-Tab. Ungakhohlwa ukuvala bonke abakaki abakufomula. Izikwele azihlukile lapha. 

Uma ufuna ukuhlanganisa okuqukethwe kwekholomu yonke ngokuthengisa, kufanele ubhale ifomula elandelayo:

=USUM(D2:D8)

Ngemva kwalokho, izophenduka ngokuzenzakalelayo =I-SUM(Umbiko[Ukuthengisa]). Ngamagama alula, isixhumanisi sizoholela kukholamu ethile. Kulula, uyavuma?

Ngakho, noma yiliphi ishadi, ifomula, ububanzi, lapho kuzosetshenziswa ithebula elihlakaniphile ukuthatha idatha kulo, lizosebenzisa ulwazi lwakamuva ngokuzenzakalelayo.

Manje ake sikhulume ngokuningiliziwe mayelana nokuthi yimaphi amatafula angaba nezakhiwo.

Amathebula e-Excel: Izakhiwo

Ithebula ngalinye elidaliwe lingaba nezihloko zamakholomu amaningi. Umugqa wokuqala wobubanzi ube ususebenza njengomthombo wedatha.

Ukwengeza, uma usayizi wetafula mkhulu kakhulu, lapho upheqa phansi, esikhundleni sezinhlamvu ezibonisa amakholomu ahambisanayo, amagama amakholomu ayaboniswa. Lokhu kuzoba ukuthanda komsebenzisi, ngoba ngeke kudingeke ukulungisa izindawo ngesandla.

Futhi kufaka phakathi isihlungi esizenzakalelayo. Kodwa uma ungayidingi, ungahlala uyivala kuzilungiselelo.

Futhi, wonke amanani abhalwe ngokushesha ngezansi kweseli lokugcina lekholomu yethebula anamathiselwe kuwo ngokwawo. Ngakho-ke, zingatholakala ngokuqondile kunoma iyiphi into esebenzisa idatha kusuka kukholomu yokuqala yetafula emsebenzini wayo.

Ngesikhathi esifanayo, amaseli amasha afomethwa ukuze aklame ithebula, futhi wonke amafomula aqondene nale kholomu abhalwa kuwo ngokuzenzakalelayo. Ngamagama alula, ukwandisa usayizi wetafula futhi ukhulise, vele ufake idatha efanele. Konke okunye kuzokwengezwa wuhlelo. Okufanayo kuya kumakholomu amasha.

Uma ifomula ifakwe okungenani kuseli eyodwa, khona-ke isakazekela kuyo yonke ikholomu ngokuzenzakalelayo. Okusho ukuthi, awudingi ukugcwalisa amaseli mathupha, konke kuzokwenzeka ngokuzenzakalelayo, njengoba kukhonjisiwe kulesi sithombe-skrini esigqwayizayo.

Zonke lezi zici zinhle. Kodwa ungakwazi ukwenza ngokwezifiso itafula ngokwakho futhi wandise ukusebenza kwalo.

Ukusethwa kwethebula

Okokuqala udinga ukuvula ithebhu ethi "Designer", lapho imingcele yetafula ikhona. Ungakwazi ukuwenza ngendlela oyifisayo ngokwengeza noma ngokusula amabhokisi okuhlola athile atholakala eqenjini elithi “Izinketho Zesitayela Sethebula”.

Izinketho ezilandelayo zinikeziwe:

1. Engeza noma susa umugqa kanhlokweni.
2. Engeza noma susa umugqa onamanani.
3. Yenza imigqa ishintshane.
4. Gqamisa amakholomu adlulele ngokugqamile.
5. Inika amandla noma ikhubaze ukugcwaliswa kwemigqa enemigqa.
6. Khubaza isihlungi esizenzakalelayo.

Ungakwazi futhi ukusetha ifomethi ehlukile. Lokhu kungenziwa ngokusebenzisa okukhethwa kukho okuseqenjini Lezitayela Zethebula. Ekuqaleni, ifomethi ihlukile kule engenhla, kodwa lapho ungakwazi njalo ukwenza ngendlela oyifisayo ukubukeka okufunayo.

Ungathola futhi iqembu elithi "Amathuluzi", lapho ungakha khona ithebula le-pivot, ususe amakhophi, futhi uguqule ithebula libe ibanga elijwayelekile.

Kodwa isici esijabulisa kakhulu ukudalwa kwezingcezu.

Ucezu uhlobo lwesihlungi oluboniswa engxenyeni yesithombe ehlukile. Ukuze usifake, udinga ukuchofoza inkinobho ethi "Faka Isisiki" segama elifanayo, bese ukhetha amakholomu ofuna ukuwashiya.

Yilokho-ke, manje kuvela iphaneli, ebala wonke amanani ayingqayizivele aqukethwe kumaseli ale kholomu.

Ukuze uhlunge ithebula, kufanele ukhethe isigaba esithakasela kakhulu okwamanje.

Izigaba eziningi zingakhethwa kusetshenziswa isisiki. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kufanele ucindezele ukhiye Ctrl noma uchofoze inkinobho ekhoneni eliphezulu kwesokudla kwesokunxele ukuze ususe isihlungi ngaphambi kokuqala ukukhetha.

Ukusetha amapharamitha ngqo kuribhoni, ungasebenzisa ithebhu yegama elifanayo. Ngosizo lwayo, kungenzeka ukuhlela izici ezihlukahlukene zesiqephu: ukubukeka, usayizi wenkinobho, ubuningi, njalonjalo.

Imikhawulo Eyinhloko Yamathebula Ahlakaniphile

Ngaphandle kweqiniso lokuthi amaspredishithi e-Excel anezinzuzo eziningi, umsebenzisi kusazodingeka abekezelele ukungalungi okuthile:

1. Ukubuka akusebenzi. Ngamagama alula, ayikho indlela yokukhumbula amapharamitha athile weshidi.
2. Awukwazi ukwabelana ngencwadi nomunye umuntu.
3. Akwenzeki ukufaka amanani amancane.
4. Awukwazi ukusebenzisa amafomula afanayo.
5. Ayikho indlela yokuhlanganisa amaseli. Kodwa akukhuthazwa ukwenza kanjalo.

Kodwa-ke, kunezinzuzo eziningi kunezimo ezimbi, ngakho-ke lokhu kungalungile ngeke kubonakale kakhulu.

Izibonelo Zethebula Elihlakaniphile

Manje sekuyisikhathi sokukhuluma ngezimo lapho kudingeka khona amaspredishithi e-Excel ahlakaniphile nokuthi yiziphi izenzo ezingenziwa ezingenakwenzeka ngebanga elijwayelekile.

Ake sithi sinetafula elibonisa amarisidi emali yokuthengwa kwezikibha. Ikholomu yokuqala iqukethe amagama amalungu eqembu, kanti kwamanye - zingaki izikibha ezithengisiwe, nokuthi zingakanani ubukhulu. Masisebenzise leli thebula njengesibonelo ukuze sibone ukuthi yiziphi izinyathelo ezingenziwa, ezingenakwenzeka esimweni sobubanzi obuvamile.

Ukufingqa nokusebenza kwe-Excel

Kusithombe-skrini esingenhla, ungabona ithebula lethu. Ake siqale sifingqe bonke osayizi bezikibha ngazinye. Uma usebenzisa ibanga ledatha ukuze ufinyelele lo mgomo, kuzodingeka ukuthi ufake mathupha wonke amafomula. Uma udala ithebula, khona-ke lo mthwalo osindayo ngeke usaba khona. Kwanele ukufaka into eyodwa, futhi ngemva kwalokho umugqa onamanani uzokhiqizwa ngokwawo.

Okulandelayo, chofoza kwesokudla kunoma iyiphi indawo. Imenyu ye-pop-up ivela nento ethi "Ithebula". Inenketho "yomugqa ophelele", okudingeka uyinike amandla. Ingase futhi yengezwe ngokusebenzisa umakhi.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, umugqa onamanani aphelele uvela phansi kwetafula. Uma uvula imenyu yokudonsela phansi, ungabona izilungiselelo ezilandelayo lapho:

1. Isilinganiso.
2. Inani.
3. Ubuningi.
4. ukuchezuka kwe-offset.

Nokunye okuningi. Ukuze ufinyelele imisebenzi engafakiwe ohlwini olungenhla, udinga ukuchofoza into ethi "Eminye imisebenzi". Lapha kulula ukuthi ububanzi bunqunywa ngokuzenzakalelayo. Sikhethe umsebenzi ISUM, ngoba kithi sidinga ukwazi ukuthi zingaki izikibha ezidayisiwe sezizonke.

Ukufakwa ngokuzenzakalelayo kwamafomula

I-Excel wuhlelo oluhlakaniphile ngempela. Umsebenzisi angase angazi nokuthi uzama ukubikezela izenzo zakhe ezilandelayo. Sengeze ikholomu ekugcineni kwethebula ukuze sihlaziye imiphumela yokuthengisa yomthengi ngamunye. Ngemva kokufaka ifomula kumugqa wokuqala, ikopishwa ngokushesha kuwo wonke amanye amaseli, bese ikholomu yonke igcwala amanani esiwadingayo. Ukhululekile?

umsebenzi wokuhlunga

Abantu abaningi basebenzisa imenyu yokuqukethwe ukuze basebenzise lokhu noma lowo msebenzi. Cishe kukhona zonke izenzo ezidinga ukwenziwa ezimweni eziningi. Uma usebenzisa amathebula ahlakaniphile, khona-ke ukusebenza kuyanda nakakhulu.

Isibonelo, sidinga ukuhlola ukuthi ubani osevele udlulisele ukukhokha kusengaphambili. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukuhlunga idatha ngekholomu yokuqala. Ake sifomethe umbhalo ngendlela yokuthi sikwazi ukuqonda ukuthi ubani osevele wenze inkokhelo, ongazange akhokhe, futhi ngubani ongazange anikeze imibhalo edingekayo kulokhu. Eyokuqala izomakwa ngokuluhlaza, eyesibili ngokubomvu, neyesithathu ngokuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Ake sithi sibhekene nomsebenzi wokuwahlanganisa ndawonye. 

Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-Excel ingakwenzela yonke into. 

Okokuqala udinga ukuchofoza imenyu yokudonsela phansi eseduze nesihloko sekholomu ethi “Igama” bese uchofoza entweni ethi “Hlunga ngombala” bese ukhetha umbala wefonti obomvu.

Konke, manje ulwazi mayelana nokuthi ubani owenze inkokhelo yethulwe ngokucacile. 

filtration

Kungenzeka futhi ukwenza ngendlela oyifisayo isibonisi nokufihlwa kolwazi oluthile lwetafula. Isibonelo, uma ufuna ukubonisa kuphela labo bantu abangakhokhanga, ungahlunga idatha ngalo mbala. Ukuhlunga ngamanye amapharamitha nakho kuyenzeka.

iziphetho

Ngakho-ke, amaspredishithi ahlakaniphile ku-Excel azosebenza njengabasizi abakhulu ekuxazululeni noma yiziphi izinkinga okufanele ubhekane nazo.