Kungani abantu bengena emandleni?

“Muva nje nginikezwe umsebenzi wokuba ngiphathe umnyango. Ngabambelela inyanga yonke, ngase ngingakwazi ukubekezelela - lokhu kuwumthwalo wemfanelo, uGalina oneminyaka engu-32 uyavuma. Wonke umuntu ulindele isinqumo esithile esivela kimi. Futhi lokhu kunyenyeza ngemuva kwami!.. Futhi isimo sengqondo ngami ngasohlangothini lwabaphathi abaphezulu sashintsha - baqala ukufuna ngokuqinile ukugcwaliseka kwemisebenzi kimi. Futhi ngabona ukuthi lesi sitayela sokuxhumana asamukelekile neze kimi. Cha, angikakakulungeli ukuba umholi. Ngithanda ukujabulela ukusebenza endaweni engiyiqondayo nengiyiqondayo. Lapho ngikhona, ngizizwa ngiwuchwepheshe.”

U-Andrei oneminyaka engu-34 unesimo sengqondo esihluke ngokuphelele esiphakamisweni sokuhola umnyango enkampanini enkulu. “Ngisebenze njengomphathi omaphakathi isikhathi eside, ngayiqonda indlela yokusebenzisana enkampanini futhi ngabona sengathi ngingayithuthukisa futhi ngikhuphule izinga leyunithi kwelinye izinga. Mina ngokwami ​​ngaphakamisa isikhundla sami kumqondisi. Kimina, lena yimisebenzi yokuvelela, futhi ngiyayithakasela.”

U-Sergey oneminyaka engu-40 ubudala, ngokusho kwabafundi afunda nabo, ushintshe kakhulu - wajoyina iqembu lezombangazwe futhi wabamba iqhaza okhethweni lwendawo edolobheni lakubo. "Ngokujwayelekile, samangala kakhulu: wayehlala ethule, engabonisi izimfanelo zobuholi. Bese sithola ukuthi uhlose amasekela. Wathola imoto, unobhala nezinye izici zamandla. Manje uxhumana nathi kuyaqabukela - angakhuluma ngani nomakhenikha wezimoto kanye nonjiniyela we-IT? - Ukhononda umngane wakhe wakamuva u-Ilya.

Kungani sinemizwa ehlukene kangaka mayelana namandla futhi kungani siyithola?

Isinxephezelo nokwesaba isizungu

“Isazi sokusebenza kwengqondo, i-neo-Freudian uKaren Horney, emibhalweni yakhe, wahlukanisa isifiso samandla saba okujwayelekile kanye nemizwa. Nge-normative, konke kucacile. Kodwa wahlobanisa i-neurotic nobuthakathaka, ekholelwa ukuthi abantu bafuna isinxephezelo ngesifiso sabo sokubusa, - kuchaza isazi sokusebenza kwengqondo uMarik Khazin. - Ngisebenze kakhulu nabaphathi bamazinga ahlukene futhi ngingasho ukuthi bonke baqhutshwa yizinhloso ezahlukene. Futhi ngempela, kukhona abaningi abathi, ngesikhundla noma isimo, baxazulule inkinga ye-inferiority complex - umphumela wokukhubazeka ngokomzimba, ukuzizonda, ukukhathazeka, ukugula.

Indaba kaHorney iyathakazelisa. Wazibona emubi, ngisho emubi, futhi wanquma: njengoba engeke abe muhle, uzoba ohlakaniphile. Umuntu owenze isinqumo esinjalo uyaphoqeleka ukuthi ahlale esesimweni esihle, afihle ukungabi namandla, ubuthakathaka nokungabi nalutho kwakhe futhi abonise izwe ukuthi ungcono kunalokho azicabangela yena nalokho izwe elikucabangayo ngaye.

Abanye abantu bafuna ukunxephezela imizwa yabo yokungabi nalutho ngobulili, njengoba u-Alfred Adler abhala ngakho. Kodwa hhayi kuphela. Amandla, ngokusho kuka-Adler, aphinde abe yindlela yokunxephezela nokuhlanganisa inani lomuntu ngawo. Inani eligcwele, nalo, lakheka ebusheni.

“Wayekholelwa ukuthi osemusha kufanele ahlubuke, umsebenzi womzali uwukusekela ukubhikisha kwakhe. Emiphakathini yobushiqela, emindenini enegunya, abazali bamisa umbhikisho, - kuchaza uMarik Khazin, - futhi ngaleyo ndlela baqinise izakhiwo zakhe. Ngenxa yalokho, "i-mania yokungabalulekanga," njengoba ngiyibiza kanjalo, iyaqina. Bonke omashiqela, ngombono wami, bakhulele imvubelo ye-inferiority complex, njengoba benqatshelwe ukukhombisa nokuziveza. Incazelo yokuhlubuka kwentsha iwukubhikisha kanye nokumemezela ukuzimela kwayo — «Nginelungelo lokuphila ngendlela engiyifunayo futhi ngibe nombono wami siqu. Futhi bathi kuye: “Ungamthethisi ubaba. Awukwazi ukuphakamisa izwi lakho kumama wakho."

Futhi osemusha ucindezela ukuhlubuka kwakhe, futhi ngolunye usuku, kamuva kakhulu, uzodabula ngendlela engalindelekile ngokuphelele, ngezinye izikhathi ye-pathological. Futhi-ke isidingo esinamandla sokubusa siqeda ikhono lokukhuluma nabanye ezingeni lamehlo, kusho uMarik Khazin. Akukuvumeli ukuthi wamukele omunye ngemibono nezidingo zakhe ezahlukene.

Yini ebangela ubuthakathaka? Ngezinye izikhathi - ukwesaba isizungu, njengoba u-Erich Fromm ebhala kumbono wakhe wamandla. “Wayekholelwa ukuthi isifiso sokuba namandla sibangelwa ukwesaba nokugwema isizungu, ukuzihlukanisa nabantu,” kuchaza uMarik Khazin. — Lona umcabango onembile: umuntu wesaba isizungu. Uma nginamahloni, ngizoba nesizungu. Kufanele ube ngumholi, ukhulise uhlangothi lwakho oluqinile — ube yisikhulumi, ufeze umgomo wakho esiteji noma ephalamende. Kunesisusa esidabukisayo kulesi sifiso sokunakwa omunye umuntu. Uphendulela omunye umsebenzi, umenze asebenze izintshisekelo zakhe futhi avule ukulawula - okunye kokukhohlisa okunamandla kakhulu.

Kwesinye isikhathi isifiso samandla sithuthukisa amandla amakhulu akuvumela ukuthi ube ngumholi (isibonelo, abaholi bezepolitiki abadumile). Kodwa umbuzo uwukuthi lezi zimfanelo eziphezulu zisetshenziselwa ini.

"Esikhundleni sokubheka impumelelo, ama-oda alengayo kanye namabhande ehlombe, ukufeza izimo ezintsha, ukuthenga izimoto ezintsha, amafulethi, udinga ukuqaphela ukuthi ekugcineni sizosala singenalutho," kusho uMarik Khazin. UJung wayekholelwa ukuthi siba yizinzwa ngenxa yokuthi sanelisekile ngezimpendulo ezingaphelele zemibuzo esibuzwa yimpilo. Sidinga ingokomoya, wakholwa. Futhi ngivumelana naye ngokuphelele."

Amandla namandla akufani

Ake sibuyele ku-Karen Horney, owayekholelwa ukuthi isifiso esivamile samandla sisho ukuqaphela nokuba nensiza ukuze kuzuzwe umgomo othile. Icala elichazwe yiqhawe lethu u-Andrey libonisa nje isimo sengqondo esinjalo esikhundleni njengethuluzi lokufinyelela izinga elisha lokuthuthuka komuntu siqu kanye nempumelelo yenkampani iyonke. Yebo, wayekwazi ukuhamba endleleni kaSergei.

“Njengoba uCarl Jung asho, ngamunye wethu unohlangothi lwesithunzi: intukuthelo, umona, inzondo, isifiso sokubusa nokulawula abanye ngenxa yokuziqinisekisa kwethu,” kuchaza uMarik Khazin. “Futhi ungakubona lokhu kuwe futhi ungavumeli ithunzi libambe ukukhanya kwethu.

Isibonelo, ubufazi ekukhulumeni kwabo okwedlulele buwukubonakaliswa kokungazethembi, isifiso sokunqoba amakhulu eminyaka okubusa kwabesilisa. Futhi yini enye engalindelwa kwabesifazane abanothando uma amadoda ethatha amandla?

Futhi abesifazane bayaphoqeleka ukuba bafoqe lesi sivimbeli esinamandla. Nakuba abesifazane bengosopolitiki nabaholi abangcono kakhulu. Bavuleleke kakhulu futhi bazimisele ukwabelana ngezinsiza zabo. Okhethweni lwakamuva kwa-Israel, isibonelo, ngivotele owesifazane owayethakaseleka kakhulu futhi enamandla ukwedlula abantu besilisa. Kodwa, maye, akazange adlule.

Empeleni abantu besifazane sebevele babusa umhlaba, ukuthi nje amadoda awazi lutho. Kukhona ihlaya lamaJuda. URabinovich uthwele umkakhe kanye nomamezala emotweni.

Umfazi:

— Kulungile!

Umamezala:

- Ngakwesokunxele!

- Ngokushesha!

- Kancane!

U-Rabinovich akakwazi ukukumela:

“Lalela, Tsilya, angiqondi ukuthi ubani oshayela imoto – wena noma umama wakho?”

U-Erich Fromm wehlukanisa imiqondo emibili - amandla namandla. Ungaba namandla futhi ungawafuni amandla. Lapho sizizwa njengathi, asiwadingi amandla. Yebo, ngesinye isikhathi sijatshuliswa ihlombe nezindumiso, kodwa ngolunye usuku kufika ukugcwaliswa kwenhliziyo. Futhi kubonakala lokho uViktor Frankl abhala ngakho - ukugcwaliseka kwencazelo yokuba khona komuntu. Ngihlaleleni kulomhlaba? Ngizolethani emhlabeni? Ngingazicebisa kanjani ngokomoya?

Noma ubani oqaphela amandla akhe uyaqonda ukuthi udinga ukuthuthukisa, ukuzithuthukisa. Ngokwesibonelo, njengoGalina. Abantu badonswa emandleni. “Umholi weqiniso ngamandla akhe kumele akhombise uthando nokunakekela. Kodwa uma ulalela izinkulumo zosopolitiki abadumile, abaholi bamazwe, ngeke uzwe lutho ngothando, - kuphawula uMarik Khazin. “Uthando luyisifiso sokupha. Lapho ngingakwazi ukupha, ngiqala ukuthatha. Abaholi bangempela abathanda abasebenzi babo bakulungele ukubuyisela. Futhi akukuningi kangako mayelana nohlangothi lwezinto ezibonakalayo.”

UDavid Clarence McClelland, isazi sokusebenza kwengqondo saseMelika, uhlonze izingxenye ezintathu zebhizinisi eliphumelelayo: impumelelo, amandla kanye nokuhlangana (isifiso sobudlelwane obungahlelekile, obufudumele). Ezizinzile futhi eziphumelelayo yilezo zinkampani lapho zontathu zithuthukiswa khona.

“Amandla akuwona ukuphatha kwabantu. Ukubusa kusho ukubusa, ukuyala, ukulawula, - kuchaza uMarik Khazin. — I am for control. Bheka abashayeli emgwaqeni. Abashayeli abalawulayo bayampintsha, babambe isiteringi, bancike phambili. Umshayeli ozethembayo uyakwazi ukushayela ngomunwe owodwa, angadedela isiteringi, akawusabi umgwaqo. Kungokufanayo nasebhizinisini nasemndenini. Ukuze ube sengxoxweni, phatha, ungalawuli, wabelane ngemisebenzi, bonisana. Kuwukuhlakanipha ngokwengeziwe ukuhlakulela lezi zimfanelo kithi kukho konke ukuphila kwethu, ngoba asizalwa nazo.”