I-fondue yaseSwitzerland ayisona isidlo esiningi njengoba kuyindlela yokudla. Namuhla, i-fondue yaseSwitzerland iyatholakala kuwo wonke amatafula, futhi kwake kwaba yinhlanhla yezindlu ezicebile.
I-Fondue ukuphela kwesidlo sikazwelonke eSwitzerland, futhi isineminyaka engamakhulu ayisikhombisa ikhona. Kukholakala ukuthi isiko lokucwilisa izingcezu zokudla kushizi oncibilikisiwe laqala ezintabeni zaseSwiss Alps, lapho abelusi babelusela khona izimvu. Behamba isikhathi eside emadlelweni, abelusi bathatha ushizi, isinkwa newayini kanye nabo. Izinsuku ezimbalwa, imikhiqizo idala futhi yafiphala - futhi kwavela umqondo wokushisa izingcezu zikashizi emlilweni wasebusuku, uzixube ngewayini, bese ucwilisa isinkwa esidala embusweni owumphumela wokudla okunomsoco. Izitsha zobumba noma zensimbi ezisansimbi zazisetshenziselwa ukuvimbela ushizi ukuthi ungashi, zazinyakaziswa nge-spatula yokhuni. Akekho owayengacabanga ukuthi i-fondue (esuka egameni lesiFulentshi elithi “ncibilika”) yayizoba isiko lonke, isiko nesiko esikhathini esizayo!
Kancane kancane, isitsha sabelusi sasakazeka phakathi kwabantu abavamile futhi sagcina siphezu kwamatafula ezinceku. Awukwazi ukufihla i-awl esakeni - abanikazi babona ukuthi abalimi babedla nhlobo ushizi ocibilikile, futhi bafisa ukubona isidlo etafuleni labo. Vele, kubanumzane, izinhlobonhlobo ezibizi kakhulu zoshizi newayini zazisetshenziswa emthonjeni, futhi izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zamakhekhe amasha zacwiliswa oshizi, kancane kancane zandisa uhla lokudla okulula.
Ekuqaleni, ifondue ayizange yeqe imingcele yeSwitzerland yaze yajatshulelwa izivakashi ezivela e-Austria, e-Italy, eJalimane naseFrance. Izivakashi kancane kancane zaqala ukuletha umbono ezifundeni zazo, lapho abapheki bendawo balungisa khona izindlela zokupheka futhi baletha imibono yabo emnandi ekukhuleni kwabo. Kwakuyigama lesiFulentshi elinamathele esitsheni se-fondue, njengezindlela zokupheka eziningi ezaduma kamuva.
E-Italy ngalesi sikhathi, i-fondue yaphenduka i-fonduta ne-banya cauda. Kuma-fondouts, kunezelwa izikhupha zamaqanda enhlanganisweni yoshizi bendawo izwe elinothile kulo, futhi izingcezu zezinhlanzi zasolwandle, amakhowe nezinkukhu zazisetshenziswa njengokudla okulula. Ngesisekelo esishisayo se-banya cauda, ibhotela namafutha omnqumo, igalikhi, ama-anchovies asetshenzisiwe, futhi izingcezu zemifino zacwiliswa kusosi owumphumela.
В Holland kukhona nohlobo lwe-fondue olubizwa ngokuthi i-kaasdup.
В China ngalezo zinsuku, kwakudliwa isidlo esineziqeshana zenyama ebiliswe kumhluzi. I-fondue enjalo yamaShayina yalethwa eMpumalanga Ekude ngamaMongol ngekhulu le-XIV. Lesi sizwe kade sabilisa ukudla okuluhlaza emhluzweni obilayo ngaphambi kokuphaka. Esikhundleni semvu yaseMongolia, amaShayina aqala ukusebenzisa inkukhu eqoshiwe, amadombolo nemifino. Isidlo esishisayo sihambisana nemifino emisha namasoso enziwe ngo-soya, ujinja no-sesame oil.
French I-fondue yenziwa ngamafutha abilayo emifino. Izindela zaseBurgundi zasungula le ndlela yokupheka ngenxa yesifiso esikhulu sokufudumala ngenkathi ebandayo, ngaphandle kokuchitha isikhathi esiningi namandla ekuphekeni. Isitsha sasibizwa nge- "fondue bourguignon" noma i-burgundy fondue nje. Bekudliwa newayini, isinkwa esishisayo esifudumele, isitsha esiseceleni samazambane kanye nesinongo esenziwe ngemifino emisha - upelepele omnandi, utamatisi, anyanisi obomvu, isilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi, ibasil nefennel.
Ngesikhathi seFrance Revolution, ifondue yafinyelela ezingeni elisha lokuthandwa. UJean Anselm Brija-Savarin, owaseFrance odumile, wachitha iminyaka eminingana e-United States, lapho aziphilisa khona ngokudlala i-violin nokufunda isiFulentshi. Wahlala ethembekile kumasiko okupheka wezwe lakhe, futhi nguyena owethula abaseMelika ku-cheese fondue fondue au fromage. Imenyu yakashizi yakudala ibizwa ngeNeuchâtel fondue.
Kakade kuma-60s naku-70s, kwakukhona izinhlobonhlobo eziningi ze-fondue kangangokuba iresiphi yaseSwitzerland yalahleka phakathi kwezinhlobonhlobo zokupheka.
burgundy i-fondue yavela kwimenyu yendawo yokudlela yaseNew York "iSwitzerland Chalet" ngo-1956. Ngo-1964, umpheki wayo uKonrad Egli walungisa futhi wakhonza i-chocolate fondue (iToblerone fondue) enqobe izinhliziyo zawo wonke amazinyo amnandi emhlabeni. Izingcezu zezithelo ezivuthiwe kanye namajikijolo, kanye nezicucu zamabhisikidi amnandi afakwa koshokoledi ocibilikile. Namuhla, kune-fondue emnandi ene-caramel eshisayo, isoso sikakhukhunathi, ama-liqueurs amnandi, nezinye izinhlobo eziningi. I-fondue emnandi ivame ukuhambisana newayini elimnandi elicwazimulayo nazo zonke izinhlobo zotshwala.
Ngama-90s, ukudla okunempilo kwaba yinto ephambili, futhi i-fondue, njengesitsha esinekhalori ephezulu, yaqala ukulahleka phansi. Kodwa nanamuhla, ebusika obubandayo, kuseseyisiko ukuhlangana etafuleni elikhulu futhi uchithe isikhathi ezingxoxweni zokuzilibazisa enkampanini emnandi, udla i-fondue eshisayo.
Amaqiniso we-Fondue Anentshisekelo
- I-Homer Iliad ichaza iresiphi yesidlo esifana ncamashí nefondue: ushizi wembuzi, iwayini nofulawa bekufanele kubiliswe ngomlilo ovulekile.
- Kukhulunywa okokuqala ngqa ngomswidi waseSwitzerland owabuyela emuva ngo-1699. Encwadini yokupheka ka-Anna Margarita Gessner, ifondue ibizwa ngokuthi “ushizi newayini.”
- UJean-Jacques Rousseau wayeyithanda kakhulu ifondue, ayivuma kaninginingi ngokuxhumana nabangane bakhe, nostalgic yemibuthano emnandi phezu kwesidlo esishisayo.
- Ngo-1914, ukufuneka kweshizi kwehla eSwitzerland, ngakho-ke kwavela umqondo wokuthengisa ushizi nge-fondue. Ngakho-ke, ukuthandwa kwesitsha kuye kwanda kaningana.