I-Russia ine-Unified Energy System (UES), eyagcina yakhiwe ngeminyaka yawo-1980. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, isifunda ngasinye saba yingxenye yenethiwekhi enkulu. Ayinayo imingcele nokubophezela kwesiteshi endaweni lapho sikhona. Isibonelo, kunesikhungo sokuphehla amandla enuzi eduze kwedolobha laseKursk esiphehla ugesi omningi kunesidingo sesifunda. Amandla asele asatshalaliswa kabusha ezweni lonke.
Ukuhlelwa kokukhiqiza amandla kuphathwa opharetha besistimu. Umsebenzi wabo uwukwenza uhlelo lwezitshalo zikagesi ukusuka ehoreni elilodwa kuye eminyakeni eminingana, kanye nokwenza ugesi ube ojwayelekile ngesikhathi sokuphazamiseka okukhulu nezimo eziphuthumayo. Ochwepheshe bacabangela izigqi zonyaka, zonyaka kanye nezansuku zonke. Benza konke ukuze ukucisha noma ukukhanyisa isibani ekhishini kanye nebhizinisi lonke kungenzeka ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka emsebenzini. Yiqiniso, amaholide amakhulu kanye nokukhushulwa kuyacatshangelwa. Ngendlela, abahleli be-Earth Hour ababiki ngokuqondile ngesenzo, ngoba isikali saso sincane. Kodwa qiniseka ukuthi uxwayisa abaphathi bedolobha, kusukela kubo ulwazi seluvele lufika ku-EEC.
Esimeni sengozi embi kakhulu, ukuphuka noma ukuphazamiseka, ezinye iziteshi zikhuphula amandla, zinxephezele futhi zibuyisele ibhalansi. Kukhona nesistimu yokusekelayo ezenzakalelayo esabela ngokushesha ekuhlulekeni kanye nokwehla kwe-voltage. Ngenxa yakhe, ukukhuphuka kwamandla okwenzeka nsuku zonke akubangeli ukwehluleka. Ngisho nalapho uxhumano olungalindelekile lwabathengi abakhulu bamandla (okuyinto ngokwayo engenzeka ezimweni ezingavamile), le fuse iyakwazi ukunikeza amandla adingekayo kuze kube yilapho ukukhiqizwa kwamandla kwanda.
Ngakho-ke, uhlelo luyalungiswa, izinjini zomoya zezitshalo zikagesi ziyahlakazwa, abaqhubi bayaqeqeshwa, bese kuza ... "Ihora Lomhlaba". Ngo-20:30, izinkulungwane zabantu zicisha ukukhanya efulethini, izindlu ziba mnyama futhi amakhandlela akhanya. Futhi okumangazayo kwabaningi abangabazayo, ukushiswa okungenalutho kukagesi, ukushiswa kwamagajethi axhaswe yinethiwekhi, akwenzeki. Ukuqinisekisa lokhu, ngiphakamisa ukuqhathanisa amagrafu okusetshenziswa kwamandla ngoMashi 18 no-25.
Ingxenye encane yephesenti, lapho abahlanganyeli besenzo behlisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla, ayibonakali ku-UES. Iningi lamandla alisetshenziswa ngokukhanyisa, kodwa ngamabhizinisi amakhulu kanye nesistimu yokushisa. Ngaphansi kuka-1% wokudla kwansuku zonke akufani nalezo zingozi ezenzeka cishe minyaka yonke. Bambalwa abantu abazi ngalezi zingozi - uhlelo oseluneminyaka lusetshenziswa luthela izithelo. Uma isenzo besisemhlabeni jikelele ngokwemvelo, khona-ke lokhu bekungeke kubangele noma yikuphi ukushaqeka - ukuvala shaqa kwenzeka ngosuku oluhleliwe nangesikhathi esithile.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezinye iziteshi azikwazi kuphela ukuphendula ekuguquguqukeni kokusetshenziswa ngesikhathi esifanele, kodwa futhi zizuze "ezolile". Izitshalo zamandla kagesi ngamanzi, lapho ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kuncipha, zingacisha izinjini zomoya bese zimpompa amanzi ezindaweni zokugcina amanzi ezikhethekile. Amanzi agciniwe abe esesetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza amandla ngezikhathi zokukhuphuka kwesidingo.
Imithombo esemthethweni ithi kulo nyaka amazwe angu-184 abambe iqhaza kulesi senzo, eRussia isenzo sasisekelwa amadolobha angu-150. Ukukhanya kwezikhumbuzo zezakhiwo kanye nezakhiwo zokuphatha kucishiwe. EMoscow, ukukhanya kwezinto ezingu-1700 kwacisha ihora elilodwa. Izinombolo ezinkulu! Kodwa akuyona yonke into elula kangaka. Ukonga ugesi eMoscow ngehora Lomhlaba kungaphansi kwama-ruble angu-50000 - amadivaysi okukhanyisa okonga amandla asetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi ukukhanyisa izikhungo zokuphatha nezamasiko.
Ngokocwaningo lwase-US olwenziwa eminyakeni engu-6 emazweni angu-11, kwatholakala ukuthi i-Earth Hour inciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kwansuku zonke ngesilinganiso esingu-4%. Kwezinye izifunda, ukonga amandla ngu-8%. Emazweni aseNtshonalanga, leli phesenti liyacatshangelwa futhi kukhona ukuncipha kokuphumayo. Ngeshwa, iRussia ayikakakwazi ukufeza izinkomba ezinjalo, kodwa ngisho nokunyuka kwaleli phesenti, akekho "ongashisa i-surplus" ngokungenangqondo. ezomnotho ezilula. Uma isenzo sinabasekeli abaningi, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kuzoncipha ngokubonakalayo.
Ngo-21:30 ntambama, izibani zikhanya cishe kanye kanye. Abaphikisi abaningi besenzo bazophendukela ngokushesha esibonelweni sokuthi ngokusetshenziswa okuphezulu kwamandla endlini noma efulethini, ukukhanya okuvela kusibani kungase kufiphale noma kulokoze. Abamelene nabo baveze lokhu njengobufakazi bokuthi izimboni zikagesi ziyehluleka ukuhambisana nomthwalo. Njengomthetho, isizathu esiyinhloko salokhu "ukucwayiza" izintambo zikagesi ezingalungile, isenzakalo esivamile ezindlini ezindala. Ngokufakwa ngesikhathi esisodwa kwemishini yasendlini endlini, izintambo ezigugile zingashisa ngokweqile, okuholela kulo mphumela.
Kukhona ukushintshashintsha kokusetshenziswa kwamandla nsuku zonke - izimboni ziqala ukusebenza ekuseni, futhi kusihlwa abantu babuya emsebenzini futhi cishe kanyekanye bakhanyise izibani, i-TV, baqale ukupheka ukudla ezitofini zikagesi noma bakushise kuma-microwave oven. Yiqiniso, lokhu kusezingeni elikhulu kakhulu futhi ngandlela thile, bonke abantu bezwe bahlanganyela kukho. Ngakho-ke, ukweqa okunjalo ekusetshenzisweni kwamandla sekuyinto evamile kubakhiqizi bakagesi.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, amandla okwehla lapho amadivaysi evuliwe kuso sonke isifunda futhi ekhaya ancishiswa ama-transformer. Emadolobheni, ukufakwa okunjalo, njengomthetho, kuyizinhlobo ezimbili nezintathu ze-transformer. Zakhiwe ngendlela yokuthi zikwazi ukusabalalisa umthwalo phakathi kwazo, ziguqule amandla azo kuye ngogesi osetshenziswayo ngaleso sikhathi. Ngokuvamile, iziteshi ze-single-transformer zitholakala ezindaweni zama-cottages namadolobhana asehlobo; abakwazi ukuhlinzeka ngokugeleza okukhulu kwamandla nokugcina ukusebenza okuzinzile uma kwenzeka ukwanda kwamandla okunamandla. Emadolobheni, abakwazi ukugcina ngokuzinza ukuhlinzekwa kwamandla ezakhiweni zokuhlala ezinezitezi eziningi.
I-WWF Wildlife Foundation iphawula ukuthi ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla ngehora akuwona umgomo. Abahleli abenzi noma yiziphi izilinganiso ezikhethekile nezibalo zamandla, futhi bagcizelela umqondo oyinhloko wesenzo - ukucela abantu ukuthi baphathe imvelo ngokucophelela nangokuzibophezela. Uma nsuku zonke abantu bengachithi amandla, baqale ukusebenzisa izibani zokukhanya ezonga amandla, bacime ukukhanya lapho kungadingeki, khona-ke umphumela uzobonakala kakhulu kuwo wonke umuntu. Futhi empeleni, Ihora Lomhlaba liyisikhumbuzo sokuthi asisodwa kule planethi futhi sidinga ukunakekela umhlaba osizungezile. Lesi yisimo esingajwayelekile lapho abantu emhlabeni wonke behlangana ukuze baveze umuzwa wokunakekela nothando ngeplanethi yabo yasekhaya. Futhi ngisho noma ihora elilodwa lingenawo umthelela osheshayo, kodwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi lingashintsha isimo sengqondo ekhaya lethu - Umhlaba.