I-Hypercalcemia ichazwa njengezinga eliphakeme ngokungajwayelekile le-calcium egazini. Lokhu ngokuvamile kungumphumela wokulimala kwezinso, isimila esibi noma ezinye izifo eziyimbangela.

I-Hypercalcemia ibonakala ngezinga elidlulele le-calcium egazini. Ichazwa njengaphezu kuka-2.60 mmol we-calcium ngelitha ngalinye legazi (i-calcium> 2.60 mmol / L).

I-Hypercalcemia kumele ikhonjwe, ihlolwe futhi yelashwe ngokushesha okukhulu ukuze kuncishiswe imiphumela emibi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lesi simo ngokuvamile sixhunyaniswa nokwehluleka kwesitho noma ngisho isimila esibi (esikwazi ukuba ngumdlavuza).

Umuntu ngamunye angathinteka yi-hypercalcemia. Kodwa-ke, abantu abanesifo sezinso, abathatha izidakamizwa eziqukethe i-vitamin D, noma iziguli ezinesimila esibi, bathambekele kakhulu engozini ye-hypercalcemia.

Amazinga ahlukene okubaluleka kwe-hypercalcemia kufanele ahlukaniswe:

• phakathi kuka-2.60 no-3.00 mmol / L, isimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha asihlelekile
• phakathi kuka-3.00 no-3.50 mmol / L, isimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha singadingeka
• ngenhla kuka-3.50 mmol / L, i-hypercalcemia kufanele isingathwe ngokushesha.

Ngakho-ke, izinga le-hypercalcemia lihlobene ngqo nokubaluleka kwezimpawu ezihambisanayo.

Isizathu esiyinhloko se-hypercalcemia ukutholakala kwesifo sezinso esiyisisekelo.

Eminye imvelaphi ingahlotshaniswa nalokhu kuthinteka:

• i-hyperparathyroidism (ukukhiqizwa okuphezulu ngokungajwayelekile kwamahomoni we-parathyroid)
• izindlela ezithile zokwelapha eziqukethe uvithamini D
• ukuba khona kwesimila esibi
• hyperthyroidism

Ukuvela kanye nezinkinga zalesi sifo kufana nokungafani okubaluleke kakhulu kohlelo lwe-renal.

Ngokwengeziwe, i-hypercalcemia ingaba umphumela wokuba khona kwesimila esibi esiyimbangela. Ukuxilongwa kusenesikhathi nokukhonjwa kwalesi sizathu kunganciphisa ingozi yokuba nomdlavuza.

I-Hypercalcemia engaphansi kuka-3.50 mmol / L ijwayelekile. Lesi yisimo sezimpawu esincane noma asikho nhlobo.

Ezimweni ezinkulu ngokwengeziwe, izimpawu ze-atypical yilezi:

• isidingo esibalulekile sokuchama (i-polyuria)
• ukoma okukhulu (polydypsia)
• isicanucanu nokuhlanza
• ukuqunjelwa
• ubuthakathaka obujwayelekile bomzimba
• izimpawu ezicindezelayo
• Ukozela nokudideka
• ubuhlungu bamathambo
• amatshe ezinso (ukwakheka kwe-crystal okuvimbela uhlelo lwezinso)

Izici ezinobungozi ezihambisana ne-hypercalcemia yilezi: ukutholakala kwesifo so-renal, isimila esibi noma esinye isifo.

Ukuthatha imithi ethile, ikakhulukazi ama-NSAID, kungabonisa ingozi eyengeziwe. Ubuthi bukaVitamin D bube ngenye.

Imithi yokwelapha ikhona ekuphathweni kwe-hypercalcemia.

I-Diphosphonate, ngomjovo we-intravenous (IV) isebenza kakhulu njengokwelapha iziguli futhi ithuthukise izinga lempilo yeziguli.

Ngokwesimo sezinye izimpawu zomtholampilo: ukulimala kwemithambo yegazi, ukomiswa kwamanzi emzimbeni, njll.