Izinga le-cholesterol ye-LDL liyipharamitha elinganiswa ngesikhathi sokulinganisa kwe-lipid. Inesibopho sokuthutha i-cholesterol ngaphakathi emzimbeni, i-cholesterol ye-LDL iyi-lipoprotein eyaziwa ngokuthi "i-cholesterol embi" ngoba ukweqisa kwayo kuyingozi engozini yenhliziyo.

Iyini i-cholesterol ye-LDL?

I-cholesterol ye-LDL, kwesinye isikhathi ebhalwe ukuthi i-LDL-cholesterol, i-low-density lipoprotein esiza ukuthutha i-cholesterol emzimbeni wonke. Nakuba iye yagxekwa kakhulu eminyakeni yamuva nje, i-cholesterol iyisakhi esibalulekile ekusebenzeni kahle komzimba womuntu. Le lipid ibamba iqhaza ekwakhiweni kolwelwesi lwamaseli, ekuhlanganisweni kwama-molecule amaningi nasekukhiqizeni usawoti we-bile odingekayo ukuze kugaywe i-lipids. Ngokuhlanganyela ekusabalaliseni kwe-cholesterol ezicutshini ezihlukene, i-cholesterol ye-LDL ngaleyo ndlela idlala indima ebalulekile emzimbeni.

Kungani ibizwa ngokuthi "i-cholesterol embi"?

Ngenkathi i-cholesterol ye-LDL ingenye yabathwali be-cholesterol emzimbeni, kunezinye ezihlanganisa i-HDL cholesterol. Lesi sakamuva siyakwazi ukuthwebula i-cholesterol eyeqile emzimbeni bese siyihambisa esibindi ukuze iqedwe. Umsebenzi wokuthutha we-HDL cholesterol ubaluleke kakhulu njengoba i-cholesterol eyeqile egazini idala ingozi yenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi. Kungenxa yalesi sizathu ukuthi i-cholesterol ye-HDL ibizwa ngokuthi "i-cholesterol enhle" kanti i-cholesterol ye-LDL ibizwa ngokuthi "i-cholesterol embi".

Imaphi amanani ajwayelekile we-LDL cholesterol?

Izinga le-cholesterol ye-LDL ngokuvamile libhekwa njengejwayelekile uma liphakathi kuka-0,9 no-1,6 g/L kubantu abadala.

Kodwa-ke, lawa manani ereferensi angahluka ngokuya ngamalabhorethri okuhlaziya ezokwelashwa namapharamitha amaningi afaka ubulili, ubudala nomlando wezokwelapha. Ukuze uthole okwengeziwe, kufanele ufune iseluleko kudokotela wakho.

Izinga le-cholesterol ye-LDL egazini lingelinye lamanani akalwa ukuhlaziya izinga le-cholesterol ephelele emzimbeni.

Ukuchazwa kwezinga le-cholesterol ye-LDL kusetshenziselwa ukuvimbela, ukuxilongwa kanye nokuqapha kwe-dyslipidemias emibili:

• i-hypocholesterolemia, ehambelana nokuntuleka kwe-cholesterol;
• i-hypercholesterolemia, ebhekisa ku-cholesterol eyeqile.

Ukunqunywa kwe-cholesterol ye-LDL kwenziwa ilabhorethri yokuhlaziya yezokwelapha. Kudinga ukuhlolwa kwegazi, ngokuvamile okwenziwa ekugobeni kwendololwane.

Isampula yegazi libe selisetshenziselwa ukwenza iphrofayili ye-lipid. Lokhu kokugcina kuhlanganisa ukukala amazinga egazi we-lipids ehlukahlukene kufaka phakathi:

• i-cholesterol ye-LDL;
• I-HDL cholesterol;
• ama-triglycerides.

Izinga le-cholesterol ye-LDL yinani elihluka ngokuya nge-lipid ethathwayo. Kungenxa yalesi sizathu ukuthi ukuhlolwa kwegazi kufanele kuthathwe esiswini esingenalutho, futhi okungcono okungenani amahora angu-12. Kunconywa futhi ukuthi ungaphuzi utshwala amahora angama-48 ngaphambi kokuhlolwa kwe-lipid.

Ukuchazwa kwamazinga e-cholesterol ye-LDL kunomthelela ekuhlaziyweni kwe-cholesterol. Kodwa-ke, lo mphumela kufanele ufundwe ngokuphathelene namanye amanani atholwe ngesikhathi sebhalansi ye-lipid. Lokhu kokugcina ngokuvamile kubhekwa njengokujwayelekile lapho:

• izinga le-cholesterol eliphelele lingaphansi kuka-2 g / L;
• I-cholesterol ye-LDL ingaphansi kuka-1,6 g / L;
• Izinga le-cholesterol le-HDL likhulu kune-0,4 g / L;
• izinga le-triglyceride lingaphansi kuka-1,5 g / L.

Lawa manani ereferensi anikezwa ulwazi kuphela. Zingahluka kuye ngamapharamitha ahlukene okuhlanganisa ubulili, ubudala nomlando wezokwelapha. Kunconywa ukuthi uye kudokotela wakho ukuze ahumushe imiphumela yokuhlolwa kwe-lipid.

Ukuhunyushwa kwe-cholesterol ephansi ye-LDL

Izinga eliphansi le-cholesterol ye-LDL, elingaphansi kwe-0,9 g / L, lingaba uphawu lwe-hypocholesterolemia, okusho ukuthi ukuntuleka kwe-cholesterol. Nokho, lesi simo asivamile. Ingaxhunyaniswa ne:

• ukungajwayelekile kofuzo;
• ukungondleki kahle;
• i-cholesterol malabsorption;
• izifo ezifana nomdlavuza;
• isimo esicindezelayo.

Ukuchazwa kwe-cholesterol ephezulu ye-LDL

Izinga le-cholesterol ye-LDL ephezulu kakhulu, engaphezu kuka-1,6 g/L, kufanele lihunyushwe njengesignali eyisixwayiso. Lokhu kuwuphawu lwe-hypercholesterolemia, okungukuthi i-cholesterol eyeqile egazini. Umzimba awusakwazi ukulawula izinga le-cholesterol eliphelele, okuholela ekunqwabeleni kwe-lipids emithanjeni. Lokhu kufakwa kwamafutha okuqhubekayo kungaholela ekwakhekeni kwe-atheromatous plaque, imiphumela yempilo engaba mibi kakhulu. Ukujikeleza kwegazi kuphazamiseka, okwandisa ingozi yomfutho wegazi ophezulu. I-atheromatous plaque ephukile ingase ibe yimbangela ye-myocardial infarction, stroke, noma i-arteritis obliterans yamaphethelo aphansi (PADI).