Ubuthakathaka, i-zero appetite, uhlangothi olubuhlungu: Izimpawu ze-7 zomdlavuza ongabonakali

Kuzo zonke izifo ze-oncological, umdlavuza wesibindi uthatha indawo yesithupha ngokuzethemba. Njengoba kwenzeka kwezinye izinhlobo eziningi zomdlavuza, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi uwuthole kusenesikhathi ukuze ukwelashwa kube yimpumelelo. Futhi nakuba udokotela kuphela ongabona izimpawu ezithile, kunamaphuzu amaningana abalulekile azokusiza ukuthi ungaphuthelwa isifo esiyingozi.

I-Oncologist, i-hematologist, i-radiation therapist yesigaba esiphezulu, udokotela wesayensi yezokwelapha, uprofesa, isisebenzi sezempilo esihle kakhulu seRussian Federation, inhloko ye-SM-Clinic Cancer Center u-Alexander Seryakov utshele okudingeka ukwazi ngomdlavuza wesibindi ukuze uhlonze futhi yelaphe ngesikhathi.

1. Qonda izinhlobo zomdlavuza wesibindi

Izazi ze-oncologists zihlukanisa phakathi kwezinhlobo eziyinhloko neziyisibili zomdlavuza wesibindi.

  • Umdlavuza wesibindi oyinhloko - i-neoplasm eyingozi ekhula isuka ku-hepatocyte (amangqamuzana akha amaphesenti angama-80 esisindo esiphelele sesibindi). Uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lomdlavuza oyinhloko yi-hepatocellular carcinoma, ebangela izimo ezingaba ngu-600 unyaka ngamunye.

  • Umdlavuza wesibindi wesibili - ama-metastases ezimila eziyingozi zezinye izitho (amathumbu, i-prostate, amaphaphu, isifuba nezinye) esibindini. Lolu hlobo lomdlavuza lwenzeka izikhathi ezingaba ngu-20 kaningi kunokuqala. 

2. Qonda izici zakho eziyingozi

Ukuqonda izici eziyingozi kubalulekile ukuze ubone udokotela wakho njalo uma udinga. Izinto ezandisa amathuba okuba nomdlavuza wesibindi zihlanganisa:

  • ukutheleleka nge-hepatitis B no-C amagciwane;

  • ukuqina kwesibindi;

  • ezinye izifo zesibindi zofuzo, njenge-hemochromatosis (i-metabolism ye-iron ekhubazekile ngokunqwabelana kwayo ezithweni nasezicutshini) kanye nesifo sikaWilson (i-metabolism yethusi ekhubazekile ngokunqwabelana kwayo ezithweni nasezicutshini);

  • isifo sikashukela;

  • isifo sesibindi esinamafutha angenalo utshwala;

  • ukuphuza ngokweqile;

  • izifo ezithathelwanayo zesibindi;

  • ukusetshenziswa isikhathi eside kwama-anabolic steroids. 

3. Qaphela izimpawu

Abantu abaningi abanazo izimpawu ezithile ezigabeni zokuqala. Kodwa-ke, lapho zivela, kubalulekile ukunaka:

  • ukuvuvukala noma ukuqunjelwa kwesisu;

  • ubuhlungu obubuhlungu ohlangothini lwesokudla;

  • ukulahlekelwa ukudla;

  • ukuphazamiseka kokugaya ukudla;

  • ukulahlekelwa isisindo ngaphandle kwesizathu;

  • isicanucanu nokuhlanza;

  • ubuthakathaka be-atypical, ukukhathala, i-malaise evamile.

Ngomdlavuza osezingeni eliphezulu, i-jaundice, ebonakala ngokuphuzi kwesikhumba namhlophe kwamehlo, kanye nendle emhlophe (e-chalky) ijoyina izimpawu.

4. Ungesabi ukuya kudokotela

Diagnostics

Uma uzithola ungaphathekile kahle, wazi kahle izici zakho eziyingozi, noma ubona izimpawu ezikhathazayo, kubalulekile ukubonana nodokotela wezifo ezithinta i-oncologist ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka. Ukuxilongwa komdlavuza wesibindi oyinhloko kusekelwe endleleni edidiyelwe ehlanganisa:

  • ukuhlolwa (nge-palpation, uchwepheshe angakwazi ukuxilonga isibindi esandisiwe);

  • ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwe-oncomarker yomdlavuza wesibindi oyinhloko i-AFP (alpha-fetoprotein);

  • ukuhlolwa kwe-ultrasound (ultrasound);

  • i-computed tomography (CT noma PET/CT);

  • imaging magnetic resonance (MRI);

  • i-puncture (percutaneous) biopsy elandelwa ukuhlolwa kwe-histological.

Ukwelashwa

Kuye ngokuthi kwatholakala nini umdlavuza wesibindi, kungase kudingeke ukuhlinzwa nemithi yokwelapha.

  • Ukususwa kwesimila noma ama-metastase kumdlavuza wesibili kuwukwelashwa okuyinhloko.

  • I-Chemo- (kuhlanganise nokwelashwa okuhlosiwe) ingasetshenziswa ngaphezu kwalokho.

  • I-Chemoembolization yesibindi (ukuvinjelwa kwemithambo yegazi edla isimila) kanye ne-cryodestruction (ukubhujiswa kwama-metastase kusetshenziswa izinga lokushisa eliphansi), i-radiofrequency kanye ne-microwave ablation, ukwelapha nge-radionuclide ezinye izindlela ezisetshenziswa ekwelapheni umdlavuza.

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqonda ukuthi umdlavuza wesibindi, oyinhloko nowesibili, welashwa ngempumelelo. Into esemqoka ukunaka izingcingo ze-alamu futhi ngokushesha uye e-reception.

shiya impendulo