Okuqukethwe
Izitatimende ze-Excel VBA
Lapho ubhala ikhodi ye-VBA ku-Excel, isethi yama-opharetha akhelwe ngaphakathi isetshenziswa kuzo zonke izinyathelo. Lawa ma-opharetha ahlukaniswe ngama-opharetha ezibalo, iyunithi yezinhlamvu, iziqhathaniso kanye nezinengqondo. Okulandelayo, sizobheka iqembu ngalinye labasebenzisi ngokuningiliziwe.
Abasebenzi Bezibalo
Ama-opharetha ezibalo e-VBA amakhulu afakwe ohlwini lwethebula elingezansi.
Ikholomu yesokudla yethebula ibonisa ukwendulela komsebenzisi okuzenzakalelayo lapho kungekho abakaki. Ngokungeza abakaki kusisho, ungashintsha indlela izitatimende ze-VBA ezisetshenziswa ngayo ngendlela ofisa ngayo.
I-Operator | Action | kuqala (1 - eliphakeme kakhulu; 5 - eliphansi kakhulu) |
---|---|---|
^ | umqhubi we-exponentiation | 1 |
* | opharetha wokuphindaphinda | 2 |
/ | opharetha besigaba | 2 |
Ukwahlukanisa ngaphandle kwensali - ibuyisela umphumela wokuhlukanisa izinombolo ezimbili ngaphandle kwensali. Ngokwesibonelo, 74 izobuyisela umphumela 1 | 3 | |
Isibindi | U-opharetha weModulo (osele) – ubuyisela okusele ngemva kokuhlukanisa izinombolo ezimbili. Ngokwesibonelo, 8 ngokumelene 3 izobuyisela umphumela 2. | 4 |
+ | U-opharetha wokwengeza | 5 |
- | ukususa opharetha | 5 |
Ama-String Opharetha
I-opharetha yeyunithi yezinhlamvu eyisisekelo ku-Excel VBA i-concatenation operator & (hlanganisa):
I-Operator | Action |
---|---|
& | umqhubi we-concatenation. Ngokwesibonelo, inkulumo "A" & "B" izobuyisela umphumela AB. |
Ukuqhathanisa Opharetha
Ama-opharetha wokuqhathanisa asetshenziselwa ukuqhathanisa izinombolo ezimbili noma amayunithi ezinhlamvu futhi abuyisele inani le-boolean lohlobo Boolean (Iqiniso noma Amanga). Ama-opharetha wokuqhathanisa we-Excel VBA abhalwe kuleli thebula:
I-Operator | Action |
---|---|
= | Ngokulinganayo |
<> | Ayilingani |
< | Ngaphansi |
> | Okuningi |
<= | Ngaphansi noma kulingana |
>= | Okukhulu noma kuyalingana |
Ama-opharetha anengqondo
Ama-opharetha anengqondo, njengama-opharetha wokuqhathanisa, abuyisela inani le-boolean lohlobo Boolean (Iqiniso noma Amanga). Ama-opharetha anengqondo e-Excel VBA abhalwe etafuleni elingezansi:
I-Operator | Action |
---|---|
Futhi | ukusebenza ngokuhlanganyela, opharetha okunengqondo И. Ngokwesibonelo, inkulumo A futhi B uzobuya Yiqiniso, uma A и B bobabili bayalingana Yiqiniso, kungenjalo buyela Amanga. |
Or | Ukusebenza kwe-dijunction, opharetha onengqondo OR. Ngokwesibonelo, inkulumo A noma B uzobuya Yiqiniso, uma A or B bayalingana Yiqiniso, futhi ngizobuya Amanga, uma A и B bobabili bayalingana Amanga. |
Not | Ukusebenza kokuphika, u-opharetha onengqondo HHAYI. Ngokwesibonelo, inkulumo Hhayi u-A uzobuya Yiqiniso, uma A ngokulinganayo Amanga, noma buyela Amanga, uma A ngokulinganayo Yiqiniso. |
Ithebula elingenhla alibafaki bonke opharetha abanengqondo abatholakala ku-VBA. Uhlu oluphelele lwabasebenzisi abanengqondo lungatholakala ku-Visual Basic Developer Center.
Imisebenzi eyakhelwe ngaphakathi
Kunemisebenzi eminingi eyakhelwe ngaphakathi etholakala ku-VBA engasetshenziswa lapho kubhalwa ikhodi. Okubhalwe ngezansi ezinye ezisetshenziswa kakhulu:
Umsebenzi | Action | ||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Abs | Ibuyisela inani eliphelele lenombolo enikeziwe. Isibonelo:
| ||||||||||||||||||||||
I-Chr | Ibuyisela uhlamvu lwe-ANSI oluhambisana nenani lenombolo yepharamitha. Isibonelo:
| ||||||||||||||||||||||
Usuku | Ibuyisela idethi yesistimu yamanje. | ||||||||||||||||||||||
IdethiYengeza | Yengeza isikhawu sesikhathi esishiwo ngosuku olunikeziwe. I-syntax yomsebenzi:
Iphi ingxabano isikhathi inquma uhlobo lwesikhawu sesikhathi esingezwe kulokho okunikeziwe Usuku enanini elishiwo kumpikiswano inombolo. Ukungqubuzana isikhathi ingathatha elinye lamanani alandelayo:
Isibonelo:
| ||||||||||||||||||||||
I-DateDiff | Ibala inani lezikhawu zesikhathi ezishiwo phakathi kwamadethi amabili anikeziwe. Isibonelo:
| ||||||||||||||||||||||
Day | Ibuyisela inombolo ephelele ehambisana nosuku lwenyanga ngedethi enikeziwe. Isibonelo: Usuku(«29/01/2015») ibuyisela inombolo 29. | ||||||||||||||||||||||
ihora | Ibuyisela inombolo ephelele ehambisana nenani lamahora ngesikhathi esinikeziwe. Isibonelo: Ihora(«22:45:00») ibuyisela inombolo 22. | ||||||||||||||||||||||
I-InStr | Kuthatha inombolo ephelele neyunithi yezinhlamvu ezimbili njengama-agumenti. Ibuyisela indawo yokwenzeka kweyunithi yezinhlamvu yesibili phakathi kweyokuqala, iqala ukusesha endaweni enikezwe inombolo ephelele. Isibonelo:
Qaphela: Ukungqubuzana kwenombolo kungase kungacaciswa, lapho ukusesha kuqala kuhlamvu lokuqala lweyunithi yezinhlamvu eshiwo ku-agumenti yesibili yomsebenzi. | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Int | Ibuyisela ingxenye ephelele yenombolo enikeziwe. Isibonelo: I-Int(5.79) ibuyisela umphumela 5. | ||||||||||||||||||||||
I-Isdate | Ibuyisa Yiqinisouma inani elinikeziwe liwusuku, noma Amanga – uma usuku lungekho. Isibonelo:
| ||||||||||||||||||||||
IsError | Ibuyisa Yiqinisouma inani elinikeziwe liyiphutha, noma Amanga – uma kungelona iphutha. | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Akukho | Igama le-agumenti yenqubo yokuzikhethela liphasiswa njengengxabano kumsebenzi. Akukho ubuyela Yiqinisouma lingekho inani eliphasisiwe kumpikiswano yenqubo okukhulunywa ngayo. | ||||||||||||||||||||||
IsNumeric | Ibuyisa Yiqinisouma inani elinikeziwe lingaphathwa njengenombolo, uma kungenjalo liyabuya Amanga. | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Kwesobunxele | Ibuyisela inombolo eshiwo yezinhlamvu kusukela ekuqaleni kweyunithi yezinhlamvu enikeziwe. I-syntax yomsebenzi imi kanje:
lapho umugqa iyintambo yasekuqaleni, futhi ubude inombolo yezinhlamvu ezizobuya, kubalwa kusukela ekuqaleni kweyunithi yezinhlamvu. Isibonelo:
| ||||||||||||||||||||||
uLen | Ibuyisela inombolo yezinhlamvu kuyunithi yezinhlamvu. Isibonelo: I-Len(“abcdej”) ibuyisela inombolo 7. | ||||||||||||||||||||||
izinyanga | Ibuyisela inombolo ephelele ehambisana nenyanga yedethi enikeziwe. Isibonelo: Inyanga(«29/01/2015») ibuyisela inani elingu-1. | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Phakathi | Ibuyisela inombolo eshiwo yezinhlamvu ukusuka maphakathi neyunithi yezinhlamvu enikeziwe. I-syntax yomsebenzi: Phakathi(umugqa, isiqalo, ubude) lapho umugqa iyunithi yezinhlamvu yasekuqaleni isiqalo - indawo lapho uchungechunge luqala khona, ubude inombolo yezinhlamvu ezizokhishwa. Isibonelo:
| ||||||||||||||||||||||
iminithi | Ibuyisela inombolo ephelele ehambisana nenani lamaminithi ngesikhathi esinikeziwe. Isibonelo: Iminithi («22:45:15») ibuyisela inani elingu-45. | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Manje | Ibuyisela idethi nesikhathi sesistimu yamanje. | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Right | Ibuyisela inombolo eshiwo yezinhlamvu kusukela ekugcineni kweyunithi yezinhlamvu enikeziwe. I-syntax yomsebenzi: Kwesokudla(umugqa, ubude) kuphi umugqa iyintambo yasekuqaleni, futhi ubude inombolo yezinhlamvu ezizokhishwa, kubalwa kusukela ekugcineni kweyunithi yezinhlamvu enikeziwe. Isibonelo:
| ||||||||||||||||||||||
Okwesibili | Ibuyisela inombolo ephelele ehambisana nenani lamasekhondi esikhathi esinikeziwe. Isibonelo: Okwesibili(«22:45:15») ibuyisela inani elingu-15. | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Sqr | Ibuyisela impande eyisikwele yenani lezinombolo eliphasiswe ku-agumenti. Isibonelo:
| ||||||||||||||||||||||
Isikhathi | Ibuyisela isikhathi sesistimu yamanje. | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Uboshiwe | Ibuyisela umbhalo ongenhla wobukhulu bamalungu afanayo obushiwo. Qaphela: Kumalungu afanayo ane-multidimensional, i-agumenti yokuzithandela ingase ibe inkomba okufanele kubuyiswe ubukhulu bayo. Uma kungashiwongo, okuzenzakalelayo kungu-1. | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Ngonyaka | Ibuyisela inombolo ephelele ehambisana nonyaka wedethi enikeziwe. Isibonelo: Unyaka(«29/01/2015») ibuyisela inani elingu-2015. |
Lolu hlu luhlanganisa kuphela ukukhethwa kwemisebenzi evame ukusetshenziswa eyakhelwe ngaphakathi ye-Excel Visual Basic. Uhlu oluphelele lwemisebenzi ye-VBA etholakalayo ukuze isetshenziswe kuma-Excel macros lungatholakala ku-Visual Basic Developer Center.