Okuqukethwe
Iyini i-tracheitis?
I-tracheitis ukuvuvukala kolwelwesi lwe-trachea. Ngokuya ngezici zenkambo, i-tracheitis eyingozi futhi engapheli ihlukaniswa.
I-tracheitis eyingozi ivame ukuhlanganiswa nezinye izifo ze-nasopharynx (i-rhinitis eyingozi, i-laryngitis ne-pharyngitis). Ku-tracheitis eyingozi, kukhona ukuvuvukala kwe-trachea, i-hyperemia ye-mucosa, ebusweni lapho i-mucus iqoqa khona; ngezinye izikhathi ukopha kwe-petechial kungenzeka (ngomkhuhlane).
I-tracheitis engapheli ivame ukuvela efomini elibukhali. Ngokuya ngezinguquko kulwelwesi lwamafinyila, inezinhlobo ezimbili ezingaphansi: i-hypertrophic ne-atrophic.
Nge-hypertrophic tracheitis, izitsha ziyanwebeka futhi ulwelwesi lwamafinyila luyavuvukala. Ukuphuma kwamafinyila kuba namandla, kuvela isikhwehlela esinama-purulent. I-atrophic tracheitis engapheli ibangela ukuncipha kolwelwesi lwamafinyila. Iba grey ngombala, ibushelelezi futhi icwebezele, ingambozwa ngama-crusts amancane futhi ibangele ukukhwehlela okuqinile. Ngokuvamile, i-atrophic tracheitis yenzeka kanye ne-atrophy yolwelwesi lwamafinyila lwepheshana lokuphefumula elitholakala ngenhla.
Izinkinga ze-tracheitis
I-tracheitis eyingozi ngokuvamile iqala ngenxa yezifo ezibangelwa amagciwane, ngezinye izikhathi imbangela i-staphylococcus aureus, i-streptococcus, ukudakwa, njalonjalo. Lesi sifo singenzeka ngenxa ye-hypothermia, ukuhogela umoya owomile noma obandayo, amagesi ayingozi kanye nama-vapor acasula ulwelwesi lwamafinyila.
I-tracheitis engapheli ivame ukutholakala kubantu ababhema kakhulu nabaphuzayo. Ngezinye izikhathi imbangela ye-pathology yisifo senhliziyo nesifo sezinso, i-emphysema, noma ukuvuvukala okungapheli kwe-nasopharynx. Inombolo yezifo ze-tracheitis iyanda ekwindla nasentwasahlobo.
Izimpawu ze-tracheitis
Phakathi kwezimpawu ezivame kakhulu ze-tracheitis ukukhwehlela okomile okubuhlungu okuba kubi kakhulu ebusuku nasekuseni. Isiguli sikhwehlela ngokuphefumula okujulile, ukuhleka, ukunyakaza okungazelelwe, ukushintsha kwezinga lokushisa kanye nomswakama wendawo ezungezile.
Ukuhlaselwa kokukhwehlela kuhambisana nobuhlungu bomphimbo kanye ne-sternum. Ukuphefumula kweziguli akujulile futhi kaningi: ngale ndlela zizama ukunciphisa ukunyakaza kwazo kokuphefumula. Ngokuvamile i-tracheitis ihambisana ne-laryngitis. Khona-ke izwi lomuntu ogulayo liyasho noma lihoshoze.
Ukushisa komzimba ezigulini ezikhulile kukhuphuka kancane kusihlwa. Ezinganeni, imfiva ingafinyelela ku-39 °C. Ekuqaleni, inani le-sputum alibalulekile, i-viscosity yayo iyaphawulwa. Njengoba lesi sifo siqhubeka, i-mucus ne-pus kukhishwa nge-sputum, inani layo liyakhula, ubuhlungu lapho ukukhwehlela kuncipha.
Uma, kanye ne-tracheitis, i-bronchi nayo ingaphansi kokuvuvukala, isimo sesiguli siba sibi. Lesi sifo sibizwa nge-tracheobronchitis. Ukuhlaselwa kokukhwehlela kuba njalo, kuba buhlungu futhi kubuhlungu, izinga lokushisa lomzimba liyakhuphuka.
I-tracheitis ingaholela ezinkingeni emgudwini wokuphefumula ophansi (i-bronchopneumonia).
Ukuxilongwa kwe-tracheitis kwenziwa ngosizo lokuhlolwa: udokotela uhlola umphimbo wesiguli nge-laryngoscope, ulalele amaphaphu.
Ukwelashwa kwe-tracheitis
Ukwelashwa kwe-tracheitis kuhilela ukuqedwa kwezici ze-pathogenic ezibangele ukuthuthukiswa kwalesi sifo. Okokuqala, ukwelashwa kwe-etiotropic kuyenziwa. Ama-antibiotics asetshenziselwa i-tracheitis yebhaktheriya, ama-antiviral agents e-viral tracheitis, nama-antihistamines e-tracheitis eguliswayo. Ama-Expectorants nama-mucolytics (bromhexine) asetshenziswa. Ngokukhwehlela okuqinile okomile, kungenzeka ukunikeza izidakamizwa ze-antitussive.
Kunconywa ukwenza inhalations usebenzisa inhalers kanye nebulizers usebenzisa izixazululo ekhemisi.
Ukwelashwa okwanele kwe-tracheitis kuqinisekisa ukutakula emavikini angu-1-2.