Okuqukethwe
Kuncane kakhulu esikwaziyo ngeplanethi yethu. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi ekujuleni kolwandle nolwandle. Kodwa ngisho nasemhlabeni zikhona izindawo ezimangaza umcabango womuntu. Isibonelo, izindawo ezijulile eMhlabeni. Esikwaziyo ngabo nokuthi izindawo eziphansi kakhulu zobuso bomhlaba zitholakala kuphi – okwengeziwe ngalokho kamuva.
Izimbobo ezinkulu noma amawa azivamile ekuphileni kwansuku zonke, kodwa iplanethi yethu inezindawo ezihlukahlukene. Kanye neziqongo zezintaba eziphakeme kakhulu, zikhona futhi izindawo ezijulile emhlabeni wethu kokubili okwemvelo kanye nokwenziwe umuntu.
10 Ichibi laseBaikal | 1 642 m
Kungaba iphutha ukucabanga ukuthi izindawo ezijulile eMhlabeni zisezilwandle nolwandle kuphela. I-Baikal inokujula okungamamitha angu-1 futhi ijulile phakathi kwamachibi. Ngakho-ke, izakhamuzi zendawo zivame ukubiza iBaikal ngokuthi ulwandle. Lokhu kujula kuchazwa umsuka we-tectonic wechibi. Amanye amarekhodi amaningi nokutholwa okumangalisayo kuhlotshaniswa nale ndawo. I-Baikal ingabizwa ngokuthi inqolobane enkulu yemvelo yamanzi ahlanzekile Emhlabeni. Leli chibi elidala kunawo wonke emhlabeni wethu (lineminyaka engaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-642 ubudala) futhi izingxenye ezimbili kwezintathu zezitshalo nezilwane zaleli chibi azitholakali kwenye indawo.
9. Umhume we-Kruber-Voronya | 2 m
Kukhona nemidondoshiya phakathi kwemigede. Umhume waseKrubera-Voronya (Abkhazia) ungowezindawo ezijule kakhulu emhlabeni. Ukujula kwayo kungamamitha ama-2. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi sikhuluma ngengxenye efundwayo yomhume. Kungenzeka ukuthi uhambo olulandelayo luzokwehla kakhulu futhi lusethe irekhodi elisha lokujula. Umhume karst uqukethe imithombo exhunywe amaphaseji nemipheme. Yavulwa okokuqala ngo-196. Khona-ke imigede yakwazi ukwehlela ekujuleni okungamamitha angu-1960. Umgoqo ongamakhilomitha amabili wanqotshwa uhambo lwase-our country lwezazi ze-speleologists ngo-95.
8. Imayini yaseTown | 4 m
Imayini iTau Tona eNingizimu Afrika iyimayini ejule kakhulu emhlabeni. Itholakala eRiphabhulikhi yaseNingizimu Afrika, engekude neGoli. Le mayini yegolide enkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni ingena emhlabathini amakhilomitha angu-4. Kulokhu kujula okumangalisayo, kukhona lonke idolobha elingaphansi komhlaba elinenethiwekhi yamahubhu amade ngamakhilomitha. Ukuze bafike lapho besebenza khona, abavukuzi kufanele bachithe cishe ihora. Ukusebenza ekujuleni okunjalo kuhlotshaniswa nenani elikhulu lezingozi - lokhu umswakama, ofinyelela ku-100% kwamanye amagatsha emayini, izinga lokushisa eliphezulu lomoya, ingozi yokuqhuma kwegesi elingena emigodini nokuwa ukuzamazama komhlaba, okwenzeka. kaningi lapha. Kodwa zonke izingozi zomsebenzi kanye nezindleko zokugcina ukusebenza kwemayini zikhokhwa ngokukhululekile yigolide elimbiwayo - kuwo wonke umlando wokuba khona kwemayini, amathani ayi-1200 ensimbi eyigugu ambiwe lapha.
7. Kahle kahle | 12 m
Umthombo ojulile kakhulu eMhlabeni ngumthombo we-Kola ojulile, otholakala endaweni yaseRussia. Lokhu kungenye yezivivinyo ezingavamile nezithakazelisa kakhulu ezenziwa ososayensi baseSoviet. Ukumba kwaqala ngo-1970 futhi kwaba nomgomo owodwa kuphela - ukufunda kabanzi mayelana noqweqwe lomhlaba. I-Peninsula yase-Kola yakhethelwa ukuhlolwa ngoba amatshe amadala kakhulu oMhlaba, cishe iminyaka eyizigidi ezi-3 ubudala, eza phezulu lapha. Babenesithakazelo esikhulu nakososayensi. Ukujula komthombo ngamamitha ayi-12. Kwenze kwaba nokwenzeka ukutholakala okungalindelekile futhi kwaphoqeleka ukuba kubhekwe kabusha imibono yesayensi mayelana nokuvela kwamatshe oMhlaba. Ngeshwa, umthombo, owakhiwe ngenjongo yesayensi kuphela, awuzange uthole isicelo eminyakeni eyalandela, futhi kwathathwa isinqumo sokuwulondoloza.
Ngokuqhubekayo ohlwini lwezindawo ezijulile emhlabeni wethu, kuzoba nemidondoshiya yangempela - imisele engaphansi kwamanzi.
6. Izu-Bonin Trench | 9 810m
Ngo-1873-76, umkhumbi we-American oceanographic Tuscarora wenza inhlolovo yolwandle ukuze kubekwe ikhebula elingaphansi kwamanzi. Okuningi, okushiywe eziqhingini zaseJapane zase-Izu, kuqoshwe ukujula kwamamitha angu-8. Kamuva, umkhumbi wamaSoviet "Vityaz" ngo-500 wabeka ukujula okukhulu kokucindezeleka - amamitha angu-1955.
5. Kuril-Kamchatsky Trench | 10 m
I-Kamchatka Trench Ebhemayo - lena akuyona nje enye yezindawo ezijule kakhulu eMhlabeni, ukucindezeleka kubuye kube mncane kakhulu e-Pacific Ocean. Ububanzi be-gutter bungamamitha angu-59, futhi ukujula okukhulu ngamamitha angu-10. Umgodi utholakala engxenyeni esenyakatho-ntshonalanga yoLwandlekazi iPacific. Maphakathi nekhulu leminyaka elidlule, ososayensi baseSoviet bahlanganyela ocwaningweni lwabo emkhunjini weVityaz. Alusekho ucwaningo oluningiliziwe olwenziwe. Umsele wavulwa umkhumbi waseMelika i-Tuscarora futhi wabizwa leli gama isikhathi eside waze waqanjwa kabusha.
4. I-Trench Kermadec | 10 m
Itholakala oLwandlekazini iPacific eduze kweziqhingi zaseKermadec. Ukujula okuphezulu kokudangala ngamamitha ayi-10. Kuphenywa umkhumbi Soviet "Vityaz". Ngo-047, ekujuleni kwamakhilomitha angu-2008 ku-Kermadec Trench, kwatholakala uhlobo olungaziwa lwama-slugs olwandle oluvela emndenini wezinhlanzi zomnenke. Abacwaningi baphinde bamangazwa ezinye izindawo zokuhlala zale ndawo ejulile eMhlabeni - ama-crustaceans amakhulu angama-7-centimeter.
3. I-Philippine Trench | 10 540 m
UPhilippine Trench ivula amaphuzu amathathu aphezulu ajule kakhulu emhlabeni. Amamitha ayi-10 - lokhu ukujula kwawo. Yakhiwa ezigidini zeminyaka edlule ngenxa yokushayisana kwezingcwecwe zomhlaba. Itholakala empumalanga ye-Philippine archipelago. Ngendlela, ososayensi sekuyisikhathi eside bekholelwa ukuthi i-Philippine Trench iyindawo ejulile ye-Pacific Ocean.
2. Trench Tonga | 10 882 m
Itholakala engxenyeni eseningizimu-ntshonalanga yoLwandlekazi iPacific, eduze neziqhingi zaseTonga. Le ndawo ithakazelisa kakhulu ngoba iyindawo esebenza kakhulu yokuzamazama komhlaba. Ukuzamazama komhlaba okuningana okunamandla kwenzeka lapha minyaka yonke. Ukujula kwe-gutter ngamamitha ayi-10. Incane ngamamitha angu-882 kuphela kune-Mariana Trench. Umehluko ucishe ube ngamaphesenti, kodwa ubeka iTonga Trench endaweni yesibili ohlwini lwezindawo ezijulile eMhlabeni.
1. UMariana Trench | 10 994 m
Itholakala engxenyeni esentshonalanga yoLwandlekazi iPacific futhi imise okwenyanga ecwebezelayo. Ubude be-gutter bungaphezu kwamakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane ezingu-2,5, futhi iphuzu elijulile lingamamitha angu-10. Ibizwa ngokuthi i-Challenger Deep.
Indawo ejule kakhulu eMhlabeni yatholwa ngo-1875 ngumkhumbi wamaNgisi i-Challenger. Kuze kube manje, ukucindezeleka yikhona okufundwe kakhulu kuyo yonke eminye imisele yolwandle olujulile. Bazama ukufinyelela phansi ngesikhathi sokutshuza okune: ngo-1960, 1995, 2009 no-2012. Umqondisi wokugcina uJames Cameron wehlela eMariana Trench eyedwa. Ngaphezu kwakho konke, ukujula komkhumbi kwakumkhumbuza indawo engapheli yenyanga. Kodwa, ngokungafani nesathelayithi Yomhlaba, i-Mariana Trench ihlala izinto eziphilayo. Abacwaningi bathole i-amoebae enobuthi, ama-mollusk nezinhlanzi zasolwandle ezijulile lapha ezibukeka zethusa kakhulu. Njengoba kungakaze kube khona isifundo esigcwele somsele, ngaphandle kwe-diving yesikhashana, i-Mariana Trench ingase ifihle izinto eziningi ezithakazelisayo.