Inxeba emlenzeni elingapholi? Kungaba isilonda se-varicose, ngamanye amagama isilonda se-varicose. Kwenzeka esigabeni sokugcina sokuvela kokungasebenzi kahle kwe-venous okungapheli okwesibili emithanjeni ye-varicose noma i-sequelae ye-phlebitis. Noma kungenabuhlungu kakhulu, kudinga ukwelashwa okufanele kwasendaweni, okuhambisana nokuphathwa kwalesi sifo semithambo okukhulunywa ngaso ukugwema ukuphindeka.

Incazelo

Imithambo ye-Varicose, eyaziwa ngokuthi izilonda ze-varicose noma izilonda ze-venous, iyinkinga ye-varicose veins noma i-phlebitis evame ukwenzeka ngemva kwesikhathi eside sokukhula.

Iveza njengesilonda emlenzeni - ngokweqile eqakaleni - ngokulahleka kwesikhumba, isikhathi sokuphulukiswa kwaso esingaphezu kwenyanga eyodwa. Uma ingelashwa, ingaba negciwane elikhulu futhi iqhubeke izinyanga noma ngisho neminyaka.

Isilonda se-venous sihlukaniswa nesilonda se-arterial, esibangelwa isifo se-arterial semilenze engezansi, ngokuvamile esixhunyaniswa nesifo sokuqina kwemithambo yegazi noma isifo sikashukela.

Izimbangela

Isilonda se-varicose senzeka esigabeni sokugcina sokuvela kokungasebenzi kahle kwe-venous. Imithambo engaphezulu noma ejulile ayisanikezi ukubuya kwe-venous okulungile enhliziyweni futhi igazi livame ukushona phansi.

• Kubantu abanemithambo ye-varicose, kukhona ukulahleka kokuqina kwemithambo kanye nokungasebenzi kahle kwama-valve kuhlomisa udonga lwemikhumbi, indima yalo ukuvimbela i-reflux.
• Ukwehluleka kwe-venous nakho kungaba ngenxa ye-sequelae ye-phlebitis (i-venous thrombosis). Kulokhu, ukumiswa kwegazi nokwanda komfutho wegazi kugcina kuholele ekulimaleni okungalungiseki kuma-valve.
• Kuyaqabukela, isifo sokuzalwa, ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-valve ejulile, kuyimbangela yokungasebenzi kahle kwe-venous.
• Ukuntuleka kwepompo yemisipha yethole nakho kuvame ukutholakala.

Kuzo zonke izimo, i-stasis (igazi elimile) ibangela umfutho wegazi ophezulu emilenzeni nasemaqakaleni kanye nokuvuza koketshezi oluvuvukalayo. Ukuhlupheka kwezicubu kuxhunyaniswa nokuba khona kobuthi kanye nokuntuleka kokuphakelwa kwezakhi kanye nomoya-mpilo. Kuholela ekubhujisweni kwabo (necrosis).

kwesifo

Ukuhlolwa komtholampilo okwenziwa yi-phlebologist kwenza kube lula ukwenza ukuxilongwa nokuhlola ubukhulu besilonda. Izilinganiso nezithombe zesilonda zingathathwa.

Ulwazi lomlando wesiguli (i-phlebitis, ubudala be-varicose veins, njll) luwusizo. 

Udokotela uphinde afune ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukulimala kwe-arterial akubandakanyeki emsuka wesilonda. Uzokwazi ukubheka izimpawu ezihambisanayo (ikakhulukazi ubuhlungu kanye ne-claudication ephakathi), ukuzwa i-arterial pulses kanye nokulinganisa ingcindezi ezingeni le-ankle.

I-echo-doppler ye-venous 

Lokhu kuhlolwa kwesithombe kusetshenziselwa ukubona ukugeleza kwegazi ngeso lengqondo nokuhlola isivinini salo. Isetshenziselwa ukukhomba umsuka we-varicose ulcer. 

Ukuhlolwa okungeziwe

Ukuhlolwa okuhlukahlukene kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukwenza ngcono ukuxilongwa:

• ukuhlolwa kwegazi,
• amasampula e-bacterial,
• ama-biopsy ...

Abantu abathintekayo

Imvamisa yesilonda se-venous iyanda ngokuya ngeminyaka. Kwezinye izifundo, izilonda zemilenze (ezixhunywe izikhathi eziyi-9 kwezingu-10 nomonakalo we-venous), zithinta kuze kufike ku-1% wabantu bonke, ama-3% angaphezu kwama-65s nama-5% angaphezu kwama-80s.

Kukhona ukucaca kwesifazane okucacile kwalesi sifo.

Izici zengozi

Lokhu yilokho kokunganeli kwemithambo yegazi:

• ifa,
• kwabesifazane, isimo se-hormonal,
• ukuma isikhathi eside,
• ukungasebenzi ngokomzimba,
• ukukhuluphala ngokweqile,
• ukubhema,
• ukuchayeka kaningi ekushiseni (ukugeza okushisa kakhulu, ukushisisa phansi, njll.) ...

Ukuntuleka kwe-venous okungapheli kubonakala ngezimpawu ezahlukahlukene: imilenze esindayo, i-edema, ukuba khona kwemithambo yesicabucabu (ama-venous amancane acwebezelayo phezulu) noma imithambo ye-varicose, amajaqamba, njll.

Izinguquko zesikhumba ngokuvamile zandulela ukwakheka kwesilonda se-varicose:

• i-ocher dermatitis (amabala esikhumba e-ocher),
• i-atrophy emhlophe,
• i-hypodermatitis (ukuvuvukala kwesikhumba esijulile),
• i-varicose eczema (amabala abomvu abomvu).

Ukuvela kwesilonda

Isilonda se-varicose sihlala ngaphansi kwedolo, ngokuvamile eqakaleni, endaweni ye-malleolus. Kungavela ngenxa yokuklwebheka okukhulu noma ukushaqeka okuncane.

Isikhumba siqhekeka futhi sakhe umgodi onamaphethelo angajwayelekile futhi abomvu, kwesinye isikhathi ubukeka ngokubabazekayo.

Ukubonakala kwesilonda kuyahlukahluka kuye ngesigaba sokukhula:

• I-necrosis yezicubu kuqala iboniswa ngombala omnyama.
• Esigabeni esinemicu, isilonda simbozwa ngengubo ephuzi futhi siphume njalo. Izingozi zokutheleleka ziphezulu. Amanxeba anomhluzi abonakala eluhlaza okotshani.
• Inqubo yokuphulukisa inzima. Kuqala kubangele imiqumbe eyinyama, ngaphambi kokuba i-epidermis ifike ukuvala isilonda.

Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi isilonda segazi sihlala kaningi ezinyaweni, ezindaweni ezinokushayisana.

ubuhlungu

Izilonda ze-Varicose kaningi azibuhlungu kakhulu. Ubuhlungu obubalulekile busikisela ukuba khona kwengxenye yomthambo noma ukusabalalisa izifo.

Ukunakekelwa kwendawo

Okwenziwa umhlengikazi, ukunakekelwa kwendawo kufanele kuhambisane nesigaba sokuvela kwesilonda. Ukwelashwa kudinga ukunakekelwa okuvamile (izikhathi eziningana ngeviki) esikhathini eside kakhulu.

Isilonda siqale sihlanzwe ngokucophelela, ngokwejwayelekile ngensipho namanzi noma kusetshenziswa isixazululo sohlobo lwe-betadine lapho isilonda sithelelekile. Uma kunesidingo, umhlengikazi wenza imfucumfucu, okungukuthi ukuhlanza okujulile ngokususa imfucumfucu ye-fibrinous.

Ukunakekelwa kuqedwa ngekhefu lokugqoka okufanele, ngokwesibonelo:

• amafutha uma isilonda somile,
• ukugqoka okumunceyo (i-hydrocellular, alginates) uma kwenzeka i-exudation,
• i-hemostatic dressing (alginates) uma kwenzeka ukugeleza kwegazi,
• okokugqoka kwesiliva uma kwenzeka kutheleleka kakhulu.

Ukugqokwa kwezinyosi kuye kwazanywa ekwelapheni izilonda ze-venous, kodwa akubonakali kuphumelela.

Ukucindezela (ukugcinwa kwe-venous)

Ukwelashwa kwembangela yesilonda se-varicose kuyadingeka. I-Elastic compression isetshenziselwa ukunciphisa i-edema yendawo futhi ithuthukise ukubuya kwe-venous. Udokotela ulungisa incwadi yakhe ngokwesigaba sokuphulukiswa kwesilonda, ukuba khona noma ukungabikho kwe-edema kanye nokubekezelelana kwesiguli.

Kukhona imishini ehlukene, okumele igqokwe amahora angu-24 ngosuku, noma kusukela ekuphumeni kwelanga kuya ekushoneni kwelanga:

• Amabhandeshi ama-multilayer (amabhande amaningi aphezulu) ngokuvamile afaneleka kakhulu ekuqaleni kokwelashwa,
• amabhande okunwebeka alula noma amasokisi okucindezela okunwebekayo avame ukunikezwa njengesinyathelo sesibili.

Ukwelashwa kwemithambo ye-varicose

Imvamisa kuyadingeka ukuvimbela ukuphindeka, ukwelashwa kwemithambo ye-varicose kubandakanya, ikakhulukazi, i-sclerotherapy kanye nokuhlinzwa ngemithambo yegazi.

Ukufakelwa kabusha

Ukufakwa kwesikhumba kuma-pastille noma anezikhala kungenzeka uma isilonda se-varicose simelana nokwelashwa okuvamile isikhathi esingaphezu kwezinyanga eziyisi-6.

Ukuxhaswa komhlaba wonke

Udokotela uyaqinisekisa ukuthi ukugonywa kwe-tetanus kusesikhathini samanje. Abaphathi bangafaka nezinyathelo ze-hygieno-dietetic (ukulwa nokukhuluphala ngokweqile noma ukungondleki kahle), ukwelashwa kokuqeda izinhlungu, i-lymphatic drainage eyenziwa ngudokotela womzimba, njll.

Ukuvimbela izilonda ze-varicose kusekelwe ezimisweni ezifanayo nalezo zokuntuleka kwe-venous.

Imithetho yenhlanzeko yokuphila idlala indima ebalulekile. Umsebenzi womzimba uvuselela ukujikeleza kwegazi futhi uvimbele ukubukeka kwemithambo ye-varicose. Sincoma ukuthi uhambe okungenani imizuzu engama-30 ngosuku, okungenani kathathu ngeviki. Ngokuqondile, yonke imidlalo esebenza amathole (ukugibela ibhayisikili, ukudansa, njll.) ithuthukisa ukubuya kwe-venous.

Ezinye izinyathelo (ukulala ngezinyawo eziphakanyisiwe, ukugwema ukugeza okushisayo kakhulu, i-sauna, ukushisa ngaphansi, ukuhlala elangeni isikhathi eside noma ngisho nezingubo eziqinile eziphazamisa ukujikeleza kwegazi, njll.) Zidingeka kakhulu kubantu abane-circulation engalungile. Qaphela futhi ukuhamba ngendiza!

Sizogcina nenhlokodolobha yethu enobuthi ngokugcina isisindo esinempilo, ngokudla ngendlela efanele nokugwema ukubhema.