Ukungcoliswa komoya akulimazi nje imvelo kuphela, kodwa futhi nomzimba womuntu. Ngokusho kweChest, eyanyatheliswa kumagazini wezokwelapha i-Chest, ukungcoliswa komoya akulimazi amaphaphu ethu kuphela, kodwa zonke izitho kanye nawo wonke amangqamuzana asemzimbeni womuntu.
Ucwaningo selukhombisile ukuthi ukungcoliswa komoya kuthinta wonke umzimba futhi kunomthelela ezifweni eziningi, kusukela esifweni senhliziyo namaphaphu kuya kushukela kanye nokuwohloka komqondo, kusukela ezinkingeni zesibindi nomdlavuza wesinye kuya kumathambo ashwabene nesikhumba esilimele. Amazinga okuzala kanye nempilo yezingane kanye nezingane nazo zisengozini ngenxa yobuthi bomoya esiwuphefumulayo, ngokusho kokubuyekezwa.
Ngokwe-World Health Organization (WHO), ukungcoliswa komoya “a” ngoba abantu abangaphezu kuka-90% emhlabeni bachayeka emoyeni onobuthi. Ukuhlaziywa okusha kubonisa ukuthi izigidi ezingu-8,8 ezifa ngaphambi kwesikhathi minyaka yonke () zisikisela ukuthi ukungcoliswa komoya kuyingozi kakhulu kunokubhema ugwayi.
Kodwa ubudlelwano bezinto ezihlukahlukene ezingcolisayo nezifo eziningi kusazosungulwa. Wonke umonakalo owaziwayo wenhliziyo namaphaphu “” kuphela.
“Ukungcoliswa komoya kungabangela kokubili ukulimala okukhulu nokungapheli, okungase kuthinte zonke izitho zomzimba,” kuphetha ososayensi be-Forum of International Respiratory Societies, eyanyatheliswa kumagazini i-Chest. “Izinhlayiya ze-Ultrafine zidlula emaphashini, zibanjwa kalula futhi zihanjiswe ngegazi, zifinyelele cishe kuwo wonke amangqamuzana omzimba.”
UProfesa Dean Schraufnagel wase-University of Illinois eChicago, owayehola lezi zibuyekezo, wathi: “Ngeke ngimangale uma cishe zonke izitho zomzimba zithinteka ekungcoleni.”
UDkt Maria Neira, uMqondisi we-WHO Wezempilo Yomphakathi Nezemvelo, uphawule wathi: “Lokhu kubuyekezwa kucophelela kakhulu. Kwengeza ebufakazini obuqinile esivele sinabo. Kunamaphepha esayensi angaphezu kuka-70 afakazela ukuthi ukungcoliswa komoya kuthinta impilo yethu.”
Umoya ongcolile uzithinta kanjani izingxenye ezihlukene zomzimba?
Heart
Ukusabela kwesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela ezifweni ezinhlayiyeni kungabangela imithambo yenhliziyo ukuba ibe mincane futhi imisipha ibe buthaka, okwenza umzimba uthambekele kakhudlwana ekuhlaselweni yinhliziyo.
Amapulazi
Imiphumela yomoya onobuthi emgudwini wokuphefumula—ikhala, umphimbo, namaphaphu—yiyona efundwa kabanzi. Kusekungcoleni ukuthi imbangela yezifo eziningi - kusukela ekuphefumuleni kanye nesifuba somoya kuya ku-laryngitis engapheli kanye nomdlavuza wamaphaphu.
Bones
E-US, ucwaningo lwabahlanganyeli be-9 bathola ukuthi ukuphuka kwamathambo okuhlobene ne-osteoporosis kwakuvame kakhulu ezifundeni ezinokugxila okuphezulu kwezinhlayiya ezihamba emoyeni.
isikhumba
Ukungcola kubangela inqwaba yezimo zesikhumba, kusukela emibimbi kuya kwezinduna kanye ne-eczema ezinganeni. Lapho sichayeka kakhulu ekungcoleni, kuba mkhulu umonakalo ewenza esikhumbeni somuntu esizwelayo, isitho esikhulu kunazo zonke emzimbeni.
Amehlo
Ukuchayeka ku-ozone kanye ne-nitrogen dioxide kuye kwaxhunyaniswa ne-conjunctivitis, kuyilapho amehlo omile, acasukile, namanzi futhi kuwukusabela okuvamile ekungcoleni komoya, ikakhulukazi kubantu abagqoka amalensi okuxhumana.
Brain
Ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi ukungcoliswa komoya kungakhinyabeza ikhono lezingane lokuqonda futhi kwandise ingozi yokuwohloka komqondo kanye nesifo sohlangothi kubantu abadala.
Izitho zesisu
Phakathi kwezinye izitho eziningi ezithintekayo yisibindi. Ucwaningo oluqokonyiswe ekubuyekezweni luphinde luhlobanise ukungcoliswa komoya nezinhlobo eziningi zomdlavuza, okuhlanganisa nalezo ezisesinye nasemathunjini.
Umsebenzi wokuzala, izinsana kanye nezingane
Mhlawumbe umthelela omubi kakhulu womoya onobuthi umonakalo wokuzala kanye nomthelela empilweni yezingane. Ngaphansi kwethonya lomoya onobuthi, izinga lokuzalwa liyancishiswa futhi ukuphuphuma kwesisu kuya ngokuya kwenzeka.
Ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi ngisho nengane engakazalwa isengozini yokuthola izifo, futhi izingane zisengozini enkulu, njengoba imizimba yazo isakhula. Ukuchayeka emoyeni ongcolile kuholela ekukhulisweni kwamaphaphu, ingozi eyengeziwe yokukhuluphala kwezingane, i-leukemia, nezinkinga zempilo yengqondo.
"Imiphumela elimazayo yokungcola kwenzeka ngisho nasezifundeni lapho amazinga okungcoliswa komoya ephansi kakhulu," kuxwayisa abacwaningi ababuyekezayo. Kodwa bayanezela: “Izindaba ezinhle ziwukuthi inkinga yokungcoliswa komoya ingaxazululeka.”
"Indlela engcono kakhulu yokunciphisa ukuchayeka ukuwulawula emthonjeni," kusho uSchraufnagel. Ukungcoliswa komoya okuningi kuvela ekushisweni kwezinto zokubasa ezimbiwa phansi ukuze kuphehlwe ugesi, izindlu zokushisisa nokuthutha ugesi.
“Kudingeka silawule lezi zici ngokushesha,” kusho uDkt. Neira. “Cishe siyisizukulwane sokuqala emlandweni ukuchayeka emazingeni aphezulu kangaka okungcola. Abaningi bangase bathi izinto zazimbi kakhulu eLondon noma kwezinye izindawo eminyakeni eyikhulu edlule, kodwa manje sikhuluma ngenani elimangalisayo labantu abachayeka emoyeni onobuthi isikhathi eside.”
“Amadolobha wonke aphefumula umoya onobuthi,” kusho yena. “Ubufakazi obuningi esibuqoqayo, mancane amathuba okuthi osopolitiki bangayinaki le nkinga.”