Imisipha ye-Scalene yimisipha entanyeni, evumela ukuthi ihambele eceleni. Le misipha emithathu eguquguqukayo okuyisicubu sangaphambili sangaphakathi, isikali esiphakathi nendawo nesikhala sangemuva sishiwo kanjalo ngoba sinesimo sonxantathu wesikali.

Unxantathu we-scalene, ku-geometry, unxantathu onamacala amathathu angalingani. Leli gama liza, nge-etymologically, lisuka kwelesiLatini “iscalnus«, Futhi ngokuqhubekayo kusuka esiGrekini«isikaliOkusho ukuthi "oblique" noma "lame", yingakho "eyinqaba, engalingani". Le misipha yesikali isolulwa phakathi kwezinqubo zomlomo wesibeletho, okungukuthi, ukuphuma kwamathambo omgogodla womlomo wesibeletho, kanye nezimbambo ezimbili zokuqala.

Imisipha ye-scalene yimisipha yentamo, etholakala ngokujula. Babonisa umumo woxantathu wesikali, okungukuthi, ku-geometry, unxantathu onamacala amathathu angalingani. Leli gama liza, nge-etymologically, lisuka kwelesiLatini “iscalnus«, Futhi ngokuqhubekayo kusuka esiGrekini«isikaliOkusho ukuthi "oblique".

Kukhona, eqinisweni, izinyanda ezintathu zemisipha ye-scalene:

• imisipha yangaphakathi ye-scalene;
• umsipha ophakathi nendawo;
• imisipha engemuva kwesikali. 

Le misipha yesikali isolulwa phakathi kwezinqubo zomlomo wesibeletho, okungukuthi, ukuphuma kwamathambo omgogodla womlomo wesibeletho osemgogodleni, kanye nezimbambo ezimbili zokuqala. Le misipha isatshalaliswa ngamabili, ngaphambili naseceleni.

Umsebenzi womzimba kanye ne-biomechanical wemisipha ye-scalene kufanele ube yimisipha ye-flexor. Le misipha emithathu yenza kube nokwenzeka ukuhambisa intamo eceleni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imisipha ethile yentamo nebhande lehlombe nayo iyabandakanyeka ekuphefumuleni: lokhu kunjalo ngemisipha ye-scalene, enikela ugqozi ngesikhathi sokuphefumula okuzolile.

Ekunciphiseni kwamazwe amabili, imisipha ye-scalene ingukuguquguquka komgogodla wesibeletho nabagqugquzeli. Ekunciphiseni okungahambelani, zingama-tilters ahamba phambili nama-rotator.

Okuyinkinga enkulu noma izifo ezixhunyaniswe nemisipha ye-scalene zenziwa yi-scalene syndrome. Lesi sifo sikhombisa ukucindezelwa kwesixha semithambo nesethusa, ngesikhathi sidlula phakathi kwemisipha yangaphakathi nangaphakathi yesikali.

Izimbangela zokucindezelwa okunjalo zingaba ngama-oda amaningi:

• ukuma kabi, njengokulengisa amahlombe noma ukugcina ikhanda phambili;
• ukuhlukumezeka, isibonelo okubangelwa ingozi yemoto, ukukhubazeka kwe-anatomical (ubambo lwesibeletho);
• ingcindezi emajoyintini, engadalwa ukukhuluphala noma ngokuthwala isikhwama esikhulu noma ubhaka ongabeka ingcindezi eyeqile emajoyintini;
• i-musert hypertrophy exhumene nokwenza kwemidlalo ethile;
• noma ukukhulelwa, okungaholela ekuhlanganeni kwamalunga.

Ukwelashwa kwe-scalene syndrome kanye nokuqhubeka kwayo kudinga ukuguqulelwa esigulini ngasinye. Kungabonakala kumangalisa ukuthi isicubu esincane kangako singadala izimpawu eziningi zokwelashwa. Eqinisweni, ukwelashwa okuyinhloko kuzoba uhlobo lwe-physiotherapy.

Izodinga ukucacisa okukhulu kanye nobulukhuni obukhulu ngenkathi kucutshungulwa. Kunganikezwa izivivinyo eziningi ze-physiotherapy, okungabuye kufakwe ezinye izivivinyo njengokugqugquzela okusebenzayo noma okungenziwanga, noma izindlela zokwelapha ukubhucungwa, okungukuthi, ngokwezwi nezwi, "ukubhucungwa okuphulukisayo".

Ngokumelene ne-spasm, umsebenzi wokuphefumula ubalulekile ngoba uzokhulula le misipha. Izikhathi eziyisishiyagalombili kwezilishumi, ukwelashwa kokuvuselela kuyasebenza futhi kwenele ukudambisa izinhlungu ezigulini.

Ukuxilongwa kwe-scalene syndrome kunzima ukukwenza, ngoba azikho izimpawu ze-pathognomonic. Ngakho-ke, ingenye yezinto eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu kwezokwelapha, kusuka endaweni yokubuka izifo, ukuxilonga nokwelapha. Eqinisweni, ukuxilongwa kuzoba kwezokwelapha kepha futhi kube yi-physiotherapeutic. Ngempela, lokhu kuxilongwa kwe-physiotherapeutic kuzolandela ukuxilongwa kwezokwelapha, okuzokwenza ukuthi kutholakale ikhono le-physiotherapist yokwelapha isiguli kanye nokukhipha yonke i-etiologies ngaphandle kwe-cervicarthrosis.

Lesi sifo se-scalene sibizwa nangokuthi i-thoraco-brachial crossing syndrome (STTB) noma i-thoraco-brachial outlet syndrome (i-TBDS). Ingaboniswa ngezindlela eziningi, yingakho ukuxilongwa kwayo kunzima ukwenza: izimpawu zomtholampilo ziyahlukahluka, zingaba yimithambo yegazi kanye / noma yezinzwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, bantula imininingwane ethile.

Mayelana nezinhlobo zezinzwa, abesifazane bathinteka kabili kunabesilisa, abaphakathi kweminyaka engama-30 nengama-50 ubudala. Ngokuqondene namafomu anobuthi, aphindwe kabili kubantu besilisa, ngokusho kwezibalo ezinikezwe uDoctor Hervé de Labareyre, udokotela wezemidlalo eParis.

Icala lokuqala lomtholampilo le-STTB elichaziwe kungenxa kadokotela ohlinzayo waseBrithani uSir Ashley Cooper ngo-1821, enencazelo enhle yezimpawu zikaMayo ngo-1835. I- “Thoracic Outlet syndrome” yachazwa okokuqala ngo-1956 nguPeet. UMercier uyiqambe ngo-1973 iThoraco-brachial crossing syndrome.

Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi i-scalene syndrome, noma i-STTB, imele umqondo womhlaba wonke oletha ndawonye izinkinga zokucindezelwa kwezakhi zezinzwa nezemithambo yegazi le-hilum yesitho esingenhla. Futhi ikakhulukazi ngokubheka ukubaluleka kwento ejwayelekile ye-physiopathological emelwe ukucindezelwa kobambo lokuqala u-Roos aphakamisa, ngo-1966, ukuthengiswa kwalo kabusha ngomzila we-transaxillary. UPeet, ovela eMayo Clinic, unikeza inqubo yokuvuselela.

Ngokuqinisekile, ngumsebenzi kaMercier nabasebenzisana naye ovuselele intshisekelo yombuzo waseFrance.