Ukububula kwenhliziyo noma ukububula kubonakala ngemisindo "engajwayelekile" ezwakala ngesikhathi sokuzijabulisa nge-stethoscope ngesikhathi sokushaya kwenhliziyo. Akhiqizwa yiziyaluyalu ekugelezeni kwegazi enhliziyweni futhi angabangelwa ama-pathologies ahlukahlukene.

Ukububula kwenhliziyo kungase kube okokuzalwa, okungukuthi, kube khona kusukela ekuzalweni, noma ukukhula kamuva ekuphileni. Wonke umuntu angathinteka: izingane, intsha, abantu abadala kanye nasebekhulile.

Ngokuvamile, ukububula kwenhliziyo akunangozi. Ezinye zazo azikudingi ukwelashwa, ezinye kumele ziqashwe ngeso lokhozi ukuthi azifihli ukugula okubi kakhulu. Uma ezinye izimpawu zihlotshaniswa, kuhlanganise nokuphefumula, imithambo yentamo eyandisiwe, ukuntula ukudla, noma ubuhlungu besifuba, ukububula kungase kubonise inkinga enkulu yenhliziyo.

Ngokuvamile kunezinhlobo ezimbili zokukhononda kwenhliziyo:

• ukububula kwe-systolic, okuvela lapho inhliziyo ifinyela ukuze ikhiphele igazi ezithweni. Kungase kube inkomba yokuvalwa okunganele kwe-valve ye-mitral, i-valve yenhliziyo ehlukanisa i-atrium yangakwesobunxele ne-ventricle yesokunxele.
• ukububula kwe-diastolic, okuvame ukuhambisana nokuncipha kwe-aorta. Amavalvu e-aortic avaleka kahle futhi lokhu kubangela ukuthi igazi ligeleze libuyele ku-ventricle yesokunxele.

Ukuze uqonde umsuka wokububula kwenhliziyo, udokotela uzokwenza i-ultrasound yenhliziyo. Lokhu kuzomvumela ukuba alinganise izinga lomonakalo kuma-valve enhliziyo kanye nemiphumela emisipha yenhliziyo.

Uma kunesidingo, udokotela angakwazi futhi uku-oda ezinye izivivinyo ezifana ne-coronary angiography, okuzomvumela ukuba abone ngeso lengqondo imithambo ye-coronary.

Ukububula kwenhliziyo kungase kusebenze (noma kungenacala), okusho ukuthi akuveli kunoma yikuphi ukonakala futhi akudingi ukunakekelwa okukhethekile noma ukwelashwa okukhethekile. Ezinganeni ezisanda kuzalwa kanye nezingane, lolu hlobo lokukhononda kwenhliziyo luvame kakhulu futhi ngokuvamile luzohamba ngesikhathi sokukhula. Kungaqhubeka impilo yonke, kodwa kungalokothi kubangele izinkinga zempilo.

Ngokububula kwenhliziyo esebenzayo, igazi lingase ligeleze ngokushesha kunokujwayelekile. Ikakhulukazi okukhulunywa ngakho:

• ukukhulelwa
• imfiva
• ukungabi namangqamuzana abomvu egazi anele akwazi ukuthwala umoya-mpilo ezicubu (i-anemia)
• hyperthyroidism
• isigaba sokukhula ngokushesha, njengoba kwenzeka ebusheni

Ukububula kwenhliziyo nakho kungase kube okungavamile. Ezinganeni, ukukhononda okungavamile kuvame ukubangelwa isifo senhliziyo sokuzalwa. Kubantu abadala, kuvame ukuba yinkinga ngama-valve enhliziyo.

Lokhu kubandakanya izimbangela ezilandelayo:

• isifo senhliziyo sokuzalwa: ukuxhumana kwe-interventricular (VIC), i-ductus arteriosus eqhubekayo, ukunciphisa i-aorta, i-tetralogy ye-Fallot, njll.
• ukungavamile kwamavalvu enhliziyo, njengokubala (ukuqina noma ukuqina) okwenza kube nzima kakhulu ukuthi igazi lidlule
• i-endocarditis: lokhu ukutheleleka kolwelwesi lwenhliziyo olungalimaza kabi amavalvu enhliziyo
• umkhuhlane we-rheumatic

Njengoba sesibonile, ukukhononda kwenhliziyo akunakuba nomthelela empilweni. Kungase futhi kube inkomba yenkinga yenhliziyo, engabangela izimpawu ezithile ezifana nokuphefumula, ukuntuleka komoya-mpilo egazini, njll. Lapho udokotela ekhomba ukububula kwenhliziyo, ngakho-ke uzokwenza ukuhlolwa okuphelele ukuze abonise kangcono isimo senhliziyo. imbangela futhi uqinisekise ukuthi ayikho imiphumela eyingozi.

Ngokusobala, ukwelashwa kokububula kwenhliziyo kuncike emsuka wako. Udokotela angakwazi ukunikeza, phakathi kwezinye izinto:

• Imithi: ama-anticoagulants, ama-diuretics, noma ama-beta-blockers anciphisa ukushaya kwenhliziyo nomfutho wegazi
• ukuhlinzwa kokuhlinzwa: ukulungiswa noma ukushintshwa kwe-valve yenhliziyo, ukuvalwa kokuvuleka okungavamile enhliziyweni uma kwenzeka isifo senhliziyo, njll.
• ukuqapha okuvamile