Okuqukethwe
- UKUDLA OKUPHAKATHI kuVITAMIN B1:
- Bona uhlu oluphelele lomkhiqizo
- Okuqukethwe uvithamini B1 kumantongomane nembewu:
- Okuqukethwe kwe-vitamin B1 okusanhlamvu, imikhiqizo yezinhlamvu nama-pulses:
- Okuqukethwe kwe-vitamin B1 emikhiqizweni yobisi:
- Okuqukethwe kwe-vitamin B1 emaqanda nasemikhiqizweni yamaqanda:
- Okuqukethwe uvithamini B1 enyameni, inhlanzi kanye nokudla kwasolwandle:
- Okuqukethwe uvithamini B1 esithelweni, izithelo ezomisiwe namajikijolo:
- Okuqukethwe uvithamini B1 emifinini nasemifinini:
Kulawa amatafula amukelwa yisilinganiso sansuku zonke sevithamini B1 ngu-1.5 mg. Ikholomu "Amaphesenti okudingeka nsuku zonke" akhombisa ukuthi amaphesenti ayi-100 amagremu womkhiqizo anelisa isidingo somuntu sansuku zonke se-vitamin B1 (i-thiamine).
UKUDLA OKUPHAKATHI kuVITAMIN B1:
Igama Product | Uvithamini B1 ngo-100gr | Amaphesenti wemfuneko yansuku zonke |
Imbewu ye-sunflower (imbewu ye-sunflower) | I-1.84 mg | 123% |
Sesame | I-1.27 mg | 85% |
I-oat bran | I-1.17 mg | 78% |
Isoya (okusanhlamvu) | I-0.94 mg | 63% |
I-Peas (i-shelled) | I-0.9 mg | 60% |
I-Pistachios | I-0.87 mg | 58% |
I-sunflower halva | I-0.8 mg | 53% |
Ukolweni bran | I-0.75 mg | 50% |
amantongomane | I-0.74 mg | 49% |
I-Pollock ROE | I-0.67 mg | 45% |
I-Caviar ebomvu i-caviar | I-0.55 mg | 37% |
Inyama (inyama yengulube) | I-0.52 mg | 35% |
Amasheya | I-0.5 mg | 33% |
Ubhontshisi (okusanhlamvu) | I-0.5 mg | 33% |
Ama-lentile (okusanhlamvu) | I-0.5 mg | 33% |
Ama-Eyeglass | I-0.49 mg | 33% |
Ama-oats (okusanhlamvu) | I-0.47 mg | 31% |
Ama-hazelnuts | I-0.46 mg | 31% |
Ama-oat flakes "Hercules" | I-0.45 mg | 30% |
Ukolweni (okusanhlamvu, okuhlukahlukene okuthambile) | I-0.44 mg | 29% |
Rye (okusanhlamvu) | I-0.44 mg | 29% |
I-Buckwheat (unground) | I-0.43 mg | 29% |
I-Buckwheat (i-groats) | I-0.42 mg | 28% |
Amabele ahuqwe amabele (apholishiwe) | I-0.42 mg | 28% |
Ufulawa ka-Rye uphelele | I-0.42 mg | 28% |
Ufulawa Wallpaper | I-0.41 mg | 27% |
Amantongomane kaPine | I-0.4 mg | 27% |
Ufulawa weBuckwheat | I-0.4 mg | 27% |
Inyama (amafutha engulube) | I-0.4 mg | 27% |
Walnut | I-0.39 mg | 26% |
Inkomo yezinso | I-0.39 mg | 26% |
Durian | I-0.37 mg | 25% |
Ufulawa kakolweni ibanga lesibili | I-0.37 mg | 25% |
Ukolweni (okusanhlamvu, ibanga elinzima) | I-0.37 mg | 25% |
Bona uhlu oluphelele lomkhiqizo
Ufulawa wommbila | I-0.35 mg | 23% |
Ufulawa we-oat | I-0.35 mg | 23% |
Ufulawa rye | I-0.35 mg | 23% |
Uphizi oluhlaza (okusha) | I-0.34 mg | 23% |
Ilayisi (okusanhlamvu) | I-0.34 mg | 23% |
Isoka | I-0.33 mg | 22% |
Ibhali (okusanhlamvu) | I-0.33 mg | 22% |
I-Buckwheat (okusanhlamvu) | I-0.3 mg | 20% |
Iziphunga zikakolweni | I-0.3 mg | 20% |
Ubisi lushelelekile | I-0.3 mg | 20% |
Isibindi senkomo | I-0.3 mg | 20% |
Tuna | I-0.28 mg | 19% |
Izinhlamvu zebhali | I-0.27 mg | 18% |
Ubisi oluyimpuphu 25% | I-0.27 mg | 18% |
IMacaroni kusuka kufulawa webanga eli-1 | I-0.25 mg | 17% |
Ama-alimondi | I-0.25 mg | 17% |
Ufulawa wekolweni webanga elilodwa | I-0.25 mg | 17% |
I-Cream powder 42% | I-0.25 mg | 17% |
I-powder yeqanda | I-0.25 mg | 17% |
Amakhowe amhlophe, omisiwe | I-0.24 mg | 16% |
Isikhuphisi seqanda | I-0.24 mg | 16% |
Ubisi olomile 15% | I-0.24 mg | 16% |
I-Salmon Atlantic (salmon) | I-0.23 mg | 15% |
I-Cod | I-0.23 mg | 15% |
Ufulawa we-oat (oatmeal) | I-0.22 mg | 15% |
Uhlobo lwenhlanzi | I-0.2 mg | 13% |
Umbila | I-0.2 mg | 13% |
Amaqabunga edandelion (imifino) | I-0.19 mg | 13% |
njengoba | I-0.19 mg | 13% |
I-Sorrel (imifino) | I-0.19 mg | 13% |
Squid | I-0.18 mg | 12% |
I-pasta evela kufulawa V / s | I-0.17 mg | 11% |
Ufulawa | I-0.17 mg | 11% |
I-rye yefulawa ihlwanyelwe | I-0.17 mg | 11% |
Mackerel | I-0.17 mg | 11% |
Ama-Acorn, omisiwe | I-0.15 mg | 10% |
omisiwe | I-0.15 mg | 10% |
Umfula iCancer | I-0.15 mg | 10% |
Ushizi weFeta | I-0.15 mg | 10% |
ukhwathu | I-0.15 mg | 10% |
Okuqukethwe uvithamini B1 kumantongomane nembewu:
Igama Product | Uvithamini B1 ngo-100gr | Amaphesenti wemfuneko yansuku zonke |
amantongomane | I-0.74 mg | 49% |
Walnut | I-0.39 mg | 26% |
Ama-Acorn, omisiwe | I-0.15 mg | 10% |
Amantongomane kaPine | I-0.4 mg | 27% |
Amasheya | I-0.5 mg | 33% |
Sesame | I-1.27 mg | 85% |
Ama-alimondi | I-0.25 mg | 17% |
Imbewu ye-sunflower (imbewu ye-sunflower) | I-1.84 mg | 123% |
I-Pistachios | I-0.87 mg | 58% |
Ama-hazelnuts | I-0.46 mg | 31% |
Okuqukethwe kwe-vitamin B1 okusanhlamvu, imikhiqizo yezinhlamvu nama-pulses:
Igama Product | Uvithamini B1 ngo-100gr | Amaphesenti wemfuneko yansuku zonke |
I-Peas (i-shelled) | I-0.9 mg | 60% |
Uphizi oluhlaza (okusha) | I-0.34 mg | 23% |
I-Buckwheat (okusanhlamvu) | I-0.3 mg | 20% |
I-Buckwheat (i-groats) | I-0.42 mg | 28% |
I-Buckwheat (unground) | I-0.43 mg | 29% |
Ama-corn grits | I-0.13 mg | 9% |
USemolina | I-0.14 mg | 9% |
Ama-Eyeglass | I-0.49 mg | 33% |
Ibhali lePearl | I-0.12 mg | 8% |
Iziphunga zikakolweni | I-0.3 mg | 20% |
Amabele ahuqwe amabele (apholishiwe) | I-0.42 mg | 28% |
Ilayisi | I-0.08 mg | 5% |
Izinhlamvu zebhali | I-0.27 mg | 18% |
Umbila | I-0.2 mg | 13% |
IMacaroni kusuka kufulawa webanga eli-1 | I-0.25 mg | 17% |
I-pasta evela kufulawa V / s | I-0.17 mg | 11% |
Ufulawa weBuckwheat | I-0.4 mg | 27% |
Ufulawa wommbila | I-0.35 mg | 23% |
Ufulawa we-oat | I-0.35 mg | 23% |
Ufulawa we-oat (oatmeal) | I-0.22 mg | 15% |
Ufulawa wekolweni webanga elilodwa | I-0.25 mg | 17% |
Ufulawa kakolweni ibanga lesibili | I-0.37 mg | 25% |
Ufulawa | I-0.17 mg | 11% |
Ufulawa Wallpaper | I-0.41 mg | 27% |
Ufulawa rye | I-0.35 mg | 23% |
Ufulawa ka-Rye uphelele | I-0.42 mg | 28% |
I-rye yefulawa ihlwanyelwe | I-0.17 mg | 11% |
Ufulawa welayisi | I-0.06 mg | 4% |
Ama-Chickpeas | I-0.08 mg | 5% |
Ama-oats (okusanhlamvu) | I-0.47 mg | 31% |
I-oat bran | I-1.17 mg | 78% |
Ukolweni bran | I-0.75 mg | 50% |
Ukolweni (okusanhlamvu, okuhlukahlukene okuthambile) | I-0.44 mg | 29% |
Ukolweni (okusanhlamvu, ibanga elinzima) | I-0.37 mg | 25% |
Ilayisi (okusanhlamvu) | I-0.34 mg | 23% |
Rye (okusanhlamvu) | I-0.44 mg | 29% |
Isoya (okusanhlamvu) | I-0.94 mg | 63% |
Ubhontshisi (okusanhlamvu) | I-0.5 mg | 33% |
Ubhontshisi (imidumba) | I-0.1 mg | 7% |
Ama-oat flakes "Hercules" | I-0.45 mg | 30% |
Ama-lentile (okusanhlamvu) | I-0.5 mg | 33% |
Ibhali (okusanhlamvu) | I-0.33 mg | 22% |
Okuqukethwe kwe-vitamin B1 emikhiqizweni yobisi:
Igama Product | Uvithamini B1 ngo-100gr | Amaphesenti wemfuneko yansuku zonke |
Ubisi lwe-Acidophilus 1% | I-0.04 mg | 3% |
I-Acidophilus 3,2% | I-0.04 mg | 3% |
I-Acidophilus ibe ngu-3.2% oswidi | I-0.04 mg | 3% |
Amafutha aphansi e-Acidophilus | I-0.04 mg | 3% |
Ushizi (kusuka ubisi lwenkomo) | I-0.04 mg | 3% |
Ama-Varenets ayi-2.5% | I-0.03 mg | 2% |
I-yogurt 1.5% | I-0.03 mg | 2% |
Izithelo ezingama-yogurt 1.5% | I-0.03 mg | 2% |
I-yogurt 3,2% | I-0.04 mg | 3% |
I-yogurt 3,2% imnandi | I-0.03 mg | 2% |
I-yogurt 6% | I-0.03 mg | 2% |
I-yogurt 6% imnandi | I-0.03 mg | 2% |
1% iyogathi | I-0.04 mg | 3% |
I-Kefir 2.5% | I-0.04 mg | 3% |
I-Kefir 3.2% | I-0.03 mg | 2% |
I-kefir enamafutha aphansi | I-0.04 mg | 3% |
UKoumiss (osuka obisini lukaMare) | I-0.02 mg | 1% |
Ubisi lukaMare olunamafutha amancane (kusuka kubisi lwenkomo) | I-0.02 mg | 1% |
Isisindo se-curd singamafutha ayi-16.5% | I-0.03 mg | 2% |
Ubisi 1,5% | I-0.04 mg | 3% |
Ubisi 2,5% | I-0.04 mg | 3% |
Ubisi 3.2% | I-0.04 mg | 3% |
Ubisi 3,5% | I-0.04 mg | 3% |
Ubisi lwezimbuzi | I-0.05 mg | 3% |
Ubisi olunamafutha amancane | I-0.04 mg | 3% |
Ubisi oluncibilikisiwe noshukela 5% | I-0.06 mg | 4% |
Ubisi oluncibilikisiwe noshukela 8,5% | I-0.06 mg | 4% |
Ubisi oluncibilikisiwe olunoshukela onamafutha amancane | I-0.06 mg | 4% |
Ubisi olomile 15% | I-0.24 mg | 16% |
Ubisi oluyimpuphu 25% | I-0.27 mg | 18% |
Ubisi lushelelekile | I-0.3 mg | 20% |
Ukhilimu oyiqhwa | I-0.03 mg | 2% |
I-ayisikhilimu sundae | I-0.03 mg | 2% |
I-Buttermilk | I-0.03 mg | 2% |
I-yogurt 1% | I-0.03 mg | 2% |
I-yogurt 2.5% ye | I-0.03 mg | 2% |
I-yogurt 3,2% | I-0.03 mg | 2% |
I-yogurt enamafutha amancane | I-0.04 mg | 3% |
I-Ryazhenka 1% | I-0.02 mg | 1% |
I-Ryazhenka 2,5% | I-0.02 mg | 1% |
I-Ryazhenka 4% | I-0.02 mg | 1% |
Ubisi olubilisiwe olubisiwe 6% | I-0.02 mg | 1% |
Ukhilimu 10% | I-0.03 mg | 2% |
Ukhilimu 20% | I-0.03 mg | 2% |
Ukhilimu 25% | I-0.02 mg | 1% |
35% ukhilimu | I-0.02 mg | 1% |
Ukhilimu 8% | I-0.03 mg | 2% |
Ukhilimu opholile noshukela 19% | I-0.05 mg | 3% |
I-Cream powder 42% | I-0.25 mg | 17% |
Ukhilimu omuncu 10% | I-0.03 mg | 2% |
Ukhilimu omuncu 15% | I-0.03 mg | 2% |
Ukhilimu omuncu 20% | I-0.03 mg | 2% |
Ukhilimu omuncu 25% | I-0.02 mg | 1% |
Ukhilimu omuncu 30% | I-0.02 mg | 1% |
Ushizi “Adygeysky” | I-0.04 mg | 3% |
Ushizi “Gollandskiy” 45% | I-0.03 mg | 2% |
Ushizi “iCamembert” | I-0.05 mg | 3% |
I-Parmesan Ushizi | I-0.04 mg | 3% |
Ushizi “Poshehonsky” 45% | I-0.03 mg | 2% |
Ushizi “Roquefort” 50% | I-0.03 mg | 2% |
Ushizi "Russian" 50% | I-0.04 mg | 3% |
Ushizi “Suluguni” | I-0.06 mg | 4% |
Ushizi weFeta | I-0.15 mg | 10% |
Ushizi Cheddar 50% | I-0.05 mg | 3% |
Ushizi waseSwitzerland 50% | I-0.05 mg | 3% |
Ushizi weGouda | I-0.03 mg | 2% |
Ushizi onamafutha amancane | I-0.04 mg | 3% |
Ushizi “Isoseji” | I-0.04 mg | 3% |
Ushizi "Russian" | I-0.02 mg | 1% |
Ama-curds aminyene ka-27.7% wamafutha | I-0.03 mg | 2% |
Ushizi 11% | I-0.04 mg | 3% |
Ushizi 18% (ngokugqamile) | I-0.05 mg | 3% |
Ushizi 2% | I-0.04 mg | 3% |
I-Curd 4% | I-0.04 mg | 3% |
I-Curd 5% | I-0.04 mg | 3% |
I-Cottage cheese 9% (ngesibindi) | I-0.04 mg | 3% |
I-curd | I-0.04 mg | 3% |
Okuqukethwe kwe-vitamin B1 emaqanda nasemikhiqizweni yamaqanda:
Igama Product | Uvithamini B1 ngo-100gr | Amaphesenti wemfuneko yansuku zonke |
Isikhuphisi seqanda | I-0.24 mg | 16% |
I-powder yeqanda | I-0.25 mg | 17% |
Iqanda lenkukhu | I-0.07 mg | 5% |
Iqanda lezigwaca | I-0.11 mg | 7% |
Okuqukethwe uvithamini B1 enyameni, inhlanzi kanye nokudla kwasolwandle:
Igama Product | Uvithamini B1 ngo-100gr | Amaphesenti wemfuneko yansuku zonke |
Roach | I-0.12 mg | 8% |
Uhlobo lwenhlanzi | I-0.2 mg | 13% |
I-Caviar ebomvu i-caviar | I-0.55 mg | 37% |
I-Pollock ROE | I-0.67 mg | 45% |
I-Caviar iyimbudumbudu emnyama | I-0.12 mg | 8% |
Squid | I-0.18 mg | 12% |
I-Flounder | I-0.14 mg | 9% |
Isoka | I-0.33 mg | 22% |
I-Sprat Baltic | I-0.11 mg | 7% |
I-Sprat Caspian | I-0.11 mg | 7% |
Izinhlanzi | I-0.03 mg | 2% |
Bream | I-0.12 mg | 8% |
I-Salmon Atlantic (salmon) | I-0.23 mg | 15% |
Izimbaza | I-0.1 mg | 7% |
Pollock | I-0.11 mg | 7% |
UCapelin | I-0.03 mg | 2% |
Inyama (iwundlu) | I-0.08 mg | 5% |
Inyama (inyama yenkomo) | I-0.06 mg | 4% |
Inyama (Turkey) | I-0.05 mg | 3% |
Inyama (unogwaja) | I-0.12 mg | 8% |
Inyama (inkukhu) | I-0.07 mg | 5% |
Inyama (amafutha engulube) | I-0.4 mg | 27% |
Inyama (inyama yengulube) | I-0.52 mg | 35% |
Inyama (izinkukhu zezinkukhu) | I-0.09 mg | 6% |
I-Cod | I-0.23 mg | 15% |
Iqembu | I-0.11 mg | 7% |
Umfula iPherch | I-0.06 mg | 4% |
Sturgeon | I-0.05 mg | 3% |
I-halibut | I-0.05 mg | 3% |
Isibindi senkomo | I-0.3 mg | 20% |
UHaddock | I-0.09 mg | 6% |
Inkomo yezinso | I-0.39 mg | 26% |
Umfula iCancer | I-0.15 mg | 10% |
I-Carp | I-0.13 mg | 9% |
i-herring | I-0.12 mg | 8% |
AmaHring amafutha | I-0.08 mg | 5% |
I-Herring encikile | I-0.08 mg | 5% |
I-Hering srednebelaya | I-0.02 mg | 1% |
Mackerel | I-0.12 mg | 8% |
njengoba | I-0.19 mg | 13% |
Mackerel | I-0.17 mg | 11% |
ISudak | I-0.08 mg | 5% |
I-Cod | I-0.09 mg | 6% |
Tuna | I-0.28 mg | 19% |
induna | I-0.1 mg | 7% |
ukhwathu | I-0.15 mg | 10% |
Ngemuva | I-0.12 mg | 8% |
Pike | I-0.11 mg | 7% |
Okuqukethwe uvithamini B1 esithelweni, izithelo ezomisiwe namajikijolo:
Igama Product | Uvithamini B1 ngo-100gr | Amaphesenti wemfuneko yansuku zonke |
Ibhilikosi | I-0.03 mg | 2% |
Ukwatapheya | I-0.06 mg | 4% |
Eyishumi nanhlanu | I-0.02 mg | 1% |
ipulamu | I-0.02 mg | 1% |
Uphayinaphu | I-0.08 mg | 5% |
iwolintshi | I-0.04 mg | 3% |
Ikhabe | I-0.04 mg | 3% |
Ibhanana | I-0.04 mg | 3% |
Amagilebhisi | I-0.05 mg | 3% |
okusamathunduluka | I-0.03 mg | 2% |
garnet | I-0.04 mg | 3% |
Isithelo segilebhisi | I-0.05 mg | 3% |
Ipheya | I-0.02 mg | 1% |
Pear omisiwe | I-0.03 mg | 2% |
Durian | I-0.37 mg | 25% |
I-Melon | I-0.04 mg | 3% |
Ama-Strawberries | I-0.03 mg | 2% |
omisiwe | I-0.15 mg | 10% |
Amakhiwane amasha | I-0.06 mg | 4% |
Amakhiwane omisiwe | I-0.07 mg | 5% |
ikiwi | I-0.02 mg | 1% |
I-cranberry | I-0.02 mg | 1% |
Amabhilikosi omisiwe | I-0.1 mg | 7% |
Ilamuna | I-0.04 mg | 3% |
Okusajingijolo | I-0.02 mg | 1% |
i-Mango | I-0.03 mg | 2% |
I-Mandarin | I-0.08 mg | 5% |
I-Cloudberry | I-0.06 mg | 4% |
I-nectarine | I-0.03 mg | 2% |
I-sea buckthorn | I-0.03 mg | 2% |
I-papaya | I-0.02 mg | 1% |
ipentshisi | I-0.04 mg | 3% |
Ipentshisi lomisiwe | I-0.03 mg | 2% |
UPomelo | I-0.03 mg | 2% |
URowan obomvu | I-0.05 mg | 3% |
Hlanganisa | I-0.06 mg | 4% |
Ama-currants amnyama | I-0.03 mg | 2% |
Ama-apricots | I-0.1 mg | 7% |
nezinsuku | I-0.05 mg | 3% |
I-Persimmon | I-0.02 mg | 1% |
Ama-Prunes | I-0.02 mg | 1% |
IsiBriar | I-0.05 mg | 3% |
Apples | I-0.03 mg | 2% |
Ama-apula omisiwe | I-0.02 mg | 1% |
Okuqukethwe uvithamini B1 emifinini nasemifinini:
Igama Product | Uvithamini B1 ngo-100gr | Amaphesenti wemfuneko yansuku zonke |
I-Basil (eluhlaza) | I-0.03 mg | 2% |
Isitshalo seqanda | I-0.04 mg | 3% |
Rutabaga | I-0.05 mg | 3% |
Ujinja (impande) | I-0.02 mg | 1% |
Zucchini | I-0.03 mg | 2% |
Iklabishi | I-0.03 mg | 2% |
I-broccoli | I-0.07 mg | 5% |
Brussels amahlumela | I-0.1 mg | 7% |
Kohlrabi | I-0.06 mg | 4% |
Iklabishi, okubomvu, | I-0.05 mg | 3% |
Iklabishi | I-0.04 mg | 3% |
Amaklabishi eSavoy | I-0.04 mg | 3% |
Ukholifulawa | I-0.1 mg | 7% |
amazambane | I-0.12 mg | 8% |
I-Cilantro (eluhlaza) | I-0.07 mg | 5% |
I-Cress (imifino) | I-0.08 mg | 5% |
Amaqabunga edandelion (imifino) | I-0.19 mg | 13% |
U-anyanisi oluhlaza (ipeni) | I-0.02 mg | 1% |
isitshalo esihlobene no-anyanisi | I-0.1 mg | 7% |
U-anyanini | I-0.05 mg | 3% |
Izaqathe | I-0.06 mg | 4% |
Ulwandle | I-0.04 mg | 3% |
Ikhukhamba | I-0.03 mg | 2% |
UFern | I-0.02 mg | 1% |
IParsnip (impande) | I-0.08 mg | 5% |
Upelepele omnandi (isiBulgaria) | I-0.08 mg | 5% |
Iparsley (eluhlaza) | I-0.05 mg | 3% |
Iparsley (impande) | I-0.08 mg | 5% |
Utamatisi (utamatisi) | I-0.06 mg | 4% |
Isithombo esimnyama | I-0.03 mg | 2% |
I-Turnips | I-0.05 mg | 3% |
Ulethisi (imifino) | I-0.03 mg | 2% |
Ama-Beet | I-0.02 mg | 1% |
Isilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi (luhlaza) | I-0.02 mg | 1% |
Isilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi (impande) | I-0.03 mg | 2% |
I-Asparagus (eluhlaza) | I-0.1 mg | 7% |
I-artichoke yaseJerusalema | I-0.07 mg | 5% |
Pumpkin | I-0.05 mg | 3% |
I-Dill (imifino) | I-0.03 mg | 2% |
IHorseradish (impande) | I-0.08 mg | 5% |
Ugaliki | I-0.08 mg | 5% |
Isipinashi (imifino) | I-0.1 mg | 7% |
I-Sorrel (imifino) | I-0.19 mg | 13% |
Njengoba kubonakala ematafuleni, i-vitamin B1 eyengeziwe itholakala kumantongomane nembewu (sesame kanye ne-sunflower), ku-legumes (ubhontshisi wesoya, uphizi, udali nobhontshisi), okusanhlamvu (i-oats kanye ne-buckwheat), imikhiqizo yokusanhlamvu, ufulawa, ukudla. , kanye nokudoba i-ROE.