Okuqukethwe
Izithelo ezingageziwe noma imifino evela engadini, ukuxhumana nezilwane, uma ungagezi izandla kamuva bese uthinta ukudla nabo, kungaholela ekuthelelekeni ngamaqanda noma izibungu zama-parasite ahlukahlukene. Iningi lalaba bahlaseli bangama-helminths (izikelemu ezingama-parasitic) ezihlala emathunjini noma (akuvamile kakhulu) kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba futhi zibulale lapho. I-helminths ayiyona nje into engathandeki, ingabangela ukulimala kwangempela emzimbeni, okubangela ukungezwani komzimba, ukuphazamiseka kokugaya ukudla, ukuphazanyiswa kwezitho zangaphakathi (uma ziphuma emaphashini, ebuchosheni noma esweni, emisipha).
Yiqiniso, kungcono ukugwema ukutheleleka nge-helminths, kodwa lokhu akunakwenzeka ngaso sonke isikhathi. Amanye ama-parasites angangena emzimbeni ngokudla - inhlanzi, inyama, izithelo ezintsha. Sekukonke, izinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-20 ze-helminthiases zaziwa ezweni lakithi, ziyahlukahluka ngohlobo lwamagciwane, futhi, ngokufanele, amaphilisi awo, amaphilisi akhethekile wezibungu kubantu ayadingeka ukuze aqede.
Kunezigaba ezintathu zama-parasites abantu:
- i-helminths eyindilinga (ikilasi le-nematode);
- ama-flatworms (isigaba se-trematode);
- i-tape parasites (isigaba se-cestodes).
Kulezi zibungu, izinhlobo ezahlukene zezidakamizwa ze-antiparasite zingasebenza, futhi kubalulekile ukukhomba kuqala i-helminth, kanye nokunquma isigaba sokuthuthukiswa kwayo. Lezi kungaba izibungu (uma umuntu eyisibungu esiphakathi nendawo) noma abantu abavuthiwe ngokocansi (uma umsingathi oqondile). Kunemithi ethinta izibungu kuphela, futhi kukhona esebenza kuzo zonke izigaba ze-parasite. Phakathi kwama-parasites avame kakhulu ama-pinworms nama-roundworms, nakuba kungase kube ne-tapeworm ebanzi, izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene ze-tapeworms (i-dwarf, ingulube, i-bovine), kanye nama-hookworms.
Izimuncagazi zingase zibe ngamathumbu (zihlale emathunjini amancane noma amakhulu) kanye nezicubu (zithelela isibindi, izinso, amaphaphu, noma ubuchopho). Izidakamizwa ze-Antiparasite zithinta ikakhulukazi izinhlobo zamathumbu ezibungu, izicubu zinzima kakhulu ukuphatha.
Isilinganiso samaphilisi ama-5 aphezulu ezikelemu ngokwe-KP
Sikhethe amakhambi athandwa kakhulu futhi avame ukunqunywa ama-parasites ajwayelekile - i-ascariasis ne-enterobiasis, kanye nama-parasites we-tape.
1. Nemozol
Itholakala ngendlela yamaphilisi ahlanganiswe nefilimu, amaphilisi ahlafunwayo kanye nokumiswa. Isithako esisebenzayo ekulungiseleleni i-albendazole. Ikhishwe ngencwadi kadokotela. Inomsebenzi omningi wokulwa nezikelemu kanye nama-tapeworms. Umuthi ulungele ukusetshenziswa, ngesikhathi sokwelashwa abadingi ukudla okukhethekile kanye nokudla okuningi koketshezi. Kuye ngokuthi iyiphi i-parasite ehlonziwe, inkambo yokwelashwa ingahlala kusukela ezinsukwini ezi-3 kuya enyangeni engu-1. Nge-enterobiasis ne-ascariasis, ukusetshenziswa okukodwa komuthi kungenzeka.
Emasontweni amabili kamuva, umthamo wesibili wesidakamizwa uyadingeka ukuvimbela i-helminthiasis. Ngalesi sikhathi, amaqanda avela kulawo ma-parasite asala ngesikhathi sokwelashwa kokuqala asengachanyuselwa. Kubalulekile ukuthi wonke amalungu omndeni ahlala nomuntu ogulayo aphuze imishanguzo ukuze agweme ukutheleleka kabusha. Isidakamizwa sinokunambitheka okumnandi, asibangeli imiphumela emibi eqinile, kodwa akufanele sithathwe esiswini esingenalutho.
Abantu abanezinkinga zesibindi kufanele baqaphele kakhulu, umuthi ungaba nobuthi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungaba nzima ukubala umthamo ngesisindo somzimba ngasinye. Kwenqatshelwe kwabesifazane abakhulelwe kanye nezingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-6 ubudala.
2. I-Piperazine
Umuthi osemathebuleni anento esebenzayo i-piperazine adipinate unomsebenzi wokulwa nezikelemu ezihlanganisa ipinworms kanye ne-ascaris. Iboniswa ekwelapheni kokubili abadala kanye nezingane, iyasebenza ekuqedeni abantu abavuthiwe ngokocansi kuphela, ayinawo umthelela kumaqanda e-parasite.
Ngemuva kokuthatha umuthi, izikelemu zikhishwa ngendle ngenkuthalo, inkambo yokwelashwa yizinsuku ezi-2, phakathi kokuthatha amaphilisi ukuthuthukisa umphumela, kunconywa ukuthatha i-laxative noma i-enema. Isidakamizwa singathathwa ngokudla noma ngaphandle kokudla, kodwa hhayi esiswini esingenalutho. Ukuphumelela kokwelashwa kufinyelela ku-95%, ukuqeda ngokuphelele ama-parasites, kunconywa ukuphinda inkambo ngemva kwezinsuku ezingu-14.
Umuthi usetshenziswa kubantu abadala nasezinganeni ezineminyaka emi-3 ubudala, imiphumela emibi ayisho kakhulu, ukuxegiswa kwesitulo noma amajaqamba emathunjini kungenzeka. Ngesikhathi sokwelashwa, ukunamathela ngokuqinile emithethweni yokuhlanzeka kuyadingeka ukuze kuvinjelwe ukutheleleka kabusha.
3. I-Pyrantel
Umuthi utholakala ngendlela yamaphilisi kanye nokumiswa, okunikezwa ngencwadi kadokotela. Isithako esisebenzayo somuthi yi-pyrantel, esisebenza ngokumelene nezikelemu eziyindilinga kanye ne-flatworm. Inomphumela osheshayo futhi ozwakalayo, inkambo yokwelashwa isuka ezinsukwini ezi-1 kuye kwezingu-3. Ngemuva kwamaviki ama-2 - 3, udinga ukuphinda umuthi ukuze ubhubhise ngokuphelele amagciwane asele, okungenzeka ukuthi ngesikhathi somthamo wokuqala angabe esachanyuselwa emaqandeni.
Isidakamizwa sibekezelelwa kahle, imiphumela emibi engxenyeni yokugaya incane. Ithathwa ngemva kokudla, ayidingi ama-laxatives noma i-enemas, ake sithi ezinganeni ezineminyaka engu-3 ubudala. Kodwa-ke, umthamo womuthi kufanele ubalwe ngokuqinile ngokwesisindo sesiguli, ngakho-ke kungase kube nobunzima ekuhlukaniseni ithebhulethi. Lo muthi awuvunyelwe ukuhlanganiswa nezinye izidakamizwa ze-anthelmintic, ukwanda okubukhali kwemiphumela enobuthi kungenzeka.
4. I-Vermox
Umuthi ukhiqizwa kuphela kumaphilisi, into esebenzayo yi-mebendazole, ithengiswa kuphela ngencwadi kadokotela. Isebenza ku-lumen yamathumbu ngaphandle kokuthinta izindonga zayo; ikhishwa esigqikini futhi cishe i-10% ikhishwa yizinso. Ikhonjiswe ekwelapheni izingane ezineminyaka engu-3 ubudala kanye nabantu abadala, iyasebenza ngokumelene nama-roundworms nama-nematodes, i-cestodes. Ngokungafani nezinye izidakamizwa eziningi, kuvimbela ukusebenza kokubili kwezinambuzane ezikhulile nezibungu, kodwa akuphazamisi amaqanda e-parasite.
Amaphilisi ama-2-4 athathwa kanyekanye, kuye ngesisindo somzimba, ubude besikhathi sokwelashwa bufika ezinsukwini ezi-3, ngakho-ke kungadingeka iphakethe elingaphezu kwe-1. Lapho uthatha umuthi, ukudla okunamafutha, utshwala nama-laxatives kufanele kugwenywe. Bangakwazi ukwandisa ubuthi kanye nemiphumela emibi yomuthi.
5. UDecaris
Itholakala kumaphilisi ngemithamo emibili, ekhishwe ngokuqinile ngencwadi kadokotela. Isithako esisebenzayo yi-levamisole, iyasebenza ngokumelene nezikelemu, ama-pinworms nama-hookworms. Umuthi uyamukeleka ukuthi usetshenziswe abantu abadala kanye nezingane ezingaphezu kweminyaka emi-3, kubo kukhona amafomu kuma-lozenges nama-capsules. Kubalulekile ukugwinya umuthi uphelele, ngaphandle kokuhlafuna noma ukuhlukanisa ithebhulethi.
Thatha umuthi kanye, ngokushesha wonke umthamo, ukuphathwa okuphindaphindiwe kunconywa ngemuva kwamasonto angama-1-2 ukuhlanganisa umphumela. Kuyingozi ngoba ngenxa yezithako zezithelo kungavusa ukungezwani komzimba, eminye imiphumela emibi ayivamile.
Indlela yokukhetha amaphilisi ezibungu kumuntu
Zonke izidakamizwa ezilwa nama-parasites, ngaphandle kokungavamile, ziyizidakamizwa zokwenziwa. Amalungiselelo e-herbal awasebenzi kahle futhi ngokuvamile awakwazi ukubulala zonke izikelemu emathunjini noma ezicutshini. Umgomo wesenzo sezidakamizwa ze-anthelmintic uhlukile, zithinta izinqubo ezahlukene zomsebenzi obalulekile wezibungu noma izibungu zazo. Ngokusekelwe kulokhu, udokotela, lapho ethola ama-parasites emzimbeni, ukhetha amaphilisi angcono kakhulu wezikelemu kubantu.
Kuneqembu lezidakamizwa:
- kuphazamisa ukusebenza kwamathumbu ezinambuzane futhi kuholele ekufeni kwazo;
- bangela ukuvinjwa kokumuncwa kwezakhi, ikakhulukazi i-glucose;
- abe nomphumela okhubazekile futhi aphazamise umzimba wamangqamuzana e-parasite;
- vimba isimiso sezinzwa sezibungu, okubangela ukukhubazeka kwabo nokuphuma emzimbeni;
- kuhlangene kusho ukuthi kuhlanganisa imiphumela eminingana ngesikhathi esisodwa.
Kubalulekile! Zonke izidakamizwa ezilwa nama-parasite zihlale zikhethwa udokotela kuphela. Izidakamizwa zinobuthi, umthamo wazo kufanele ubalwe ngesisindo somzimba, futhi ukwelashwa okwengeziwe kufanele kwenziwe ukuvimbela izinkinga. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu uma inqwaba yezikelemu isuswa ngesikhathi esisodwa.
Ukwengeza, imithi ethile inomkhakha wayo wokusebenza - eminye iyasebenza ekulweni nezikelemu, eminye isuka kuma-flatworms noma ama-tapeworms. Alikho ikhambi elivamile neliphephile elingasebenza kuzo zonke izikelemu ezaziwayo.
Imibuzo nezimpendulo ezidumile
Sibuze imibuzo mayelana nokukhethwa kwezidakamizwa ngokumelene ne-helminths usokhemisi, uthisha wekhemisi, umhleli oyinhloko we-MedCorr Olga Zorina.