Okuqukethwe
Kungenzeka ukugwema ukulimala kanye nemihuzuko enganeni kuphela ngokuhlala ekhaya njalo. Kodwa lokhu kuzomncisha ukuxhumana nontanga, imidlalo, umsebenzi womzimba, okungukuthi, kuzokwenza umonakalo omkhulu kunokuhle. Inqubekelaphambili yezobuchwepheshe ilethe izinhlobonhlobo zenjoloba ezintsha emakethe yezinto zokwakha. Ziya ngokuya zitholakala kwingqalasizinda yasemadolobheni ngenxa yezinzuzo zazo ezingenakuphikwa.
1. Amathayela enjoloba
Kunezinhlobo eziningana zamathayela enjoloba, kodwa wonke ayingxube yerabha eyimvuthuluka kanye ne-polyurethane adhesive. Imvuthuluka ingatholakala kumathayi emoto agaywe kabusha ngentambo esusiwe noma yenziwe ngerabha yokwenziwa ye-EPDM. Ukunamathela kwe-polyurethane esimweni se-polymerized akunangozi empilweni. Irabha ye-EPDM yokwenziwa iyakwazi ukumelana nokushisa futhi ayinaphunga ngisho noma ishisiswe kufika ku-150°C. Ukwakha uhlelo lombala, odayi abahlukahlukene bengezwa engxubeni. Zonke izingxenye azilimazi imvelo. Izinto zokudlala zingaphansi kwezidingo ezikhethekile zokuphepha kwemvelo.
Ubuchwepheshe bokubeka amathayili enjoloba
Ukubeka amathayili enjoloba kungenziwa emhlabathini, isihlabathi, i-screed kakhonkolo noma i-asphalt. Kunoma yikuphi, ukulungiswa kokuqala kwe-coating kuyadingeka. Indawo imakwa futhi enhlabathini ethambile ungqimba olungaphezulu luyasuswa lufinyelele ku-20 cm ukujula ukuze kwakhiwe umcamelo wetshe kanye nesihlabathi. Iphansi lomgodi lilinganiswe ngokucophelela futhi ligcwaliswe ngokukhululekile ngama-herbicides ukuze izitshalo ezihlumile zingalimazi ukumbozwa. Kungenzeka ukuthulula i-screed yekhonkrithi.
Imingcele yerabha yombala oyifunayo ifakwe eduze komjikelezo. Ngemuva kokuthi ukhonkolo uqinisiwe, ungaqhubeka nokufakwa kwe-rubber coating. Uma kuhlelwe ukusebenzisa isisekelo sekhonkrithi esikhona noma se-asphalt, khona-ke kwanele ukuyihlanza ngokuphelele ngamatshe nokungcola, ukugcwalisa imigodi kanye nemigodi ngokhonkolo futhi uqiniseke ukuthi ufaka ama-curbs enjoloba azungeze umjikelezo wesayithi.
2. Ukufakwa kwerabha engenamthungo
Ukungabikho kwe-seams ekugqokeni kwenkundla yokudlala kwenza kube lula futhi kusize ukuhlanzwa kwayo nokuhlanza imfucumfucu, futhi umswakama awungeni emalungeni futhi utshani abuhlumi.
Ingubo yerabha engenamthungo i-monolithic futhi yenziwe ngenjoloba eyi-crumb. Lolu hlobo lokugqoka lushibhile kunama-tile enjoloba, lufaneleka ngokukhethekile izinkundla zezingane nezemidlalo, ama-treadmills, izindawo zamachibi. Imibala esetshenziswa kakhulu ibomvu, nsundu kanye nohlaza.
Ukubeka i-coating enjalo kulula ngomqondo wokuthi asikho isidingo sokusika, ukulingana nokuhlanganisa amathayili. Kodwa-ke, ingxube yenjoloba ye-crumb kanye ne-glue kumele ibekwe ngokulinganayo, okudinga amakhono amaningi.
Ubuchwepheshe bokubeka i-rubber coating engenamthungo
Предварительно площадку грунтуют смесью полиуретанового клея и уайт-спирита в соотношении 50/50. Резиновую крошку и клей перемешивают в большой емкости при помощи электродрели со специальной насадкой. Смесь порциями наносят на загрунтованную и высохшую поверхность, выравнивая шпателем. Следующая порция должна немного перекрывать предыдущую в месте стыка, чтобы не образовывались швы. По мере затвердевания покрытие прикатывается тяжелым катком.
3. Imvuthuluka yerabha
Igama elithi “imvuthuluka yerabha” lifana “nenjoloba engenamthungo”, kuyindaba nje yokuthi umkhiqizi othile noma umdayisi ukhetha kanjani ukubiza umkhiqizo wabo. Ngokuvamile, izinhloso zalezi zinhlobo zokugqoka, kanye nezindlela zokufakwa kwazo, ziyafana.
Izinto ezibonakalayo zichotshozwa ezingeni elithile lerabha, evame ukutholakala emathayini emoto agaywe kabusha ngentambo ekhishiwe noma irabha yokwenziwa ye-EPDM. Inketho yokuqala ayiyona engcono kakhulu, nakuba ingabizi kakhulu. Izinkundla zemidlalo zangaphandle ekushiseni kwehlobo zinganuka njengerabha. Kungcono ukusebenzisa irabha yokwenziwa, nakuba ibiza kakhulu, kodwa ukonga ezintweni zokwakha kungabiza kakhulu esikhathini esizayo.
4. I-Tartan enamathela
Ukuhlelwa kwezinkundla zezemidlalo kanye nama-treadmill, i-tartan coating isetshenziswa. Inikeza ukubamba okungcono kakhulu ematheni ezicathulo zezemidlalo kanye nokugxuma okuhle kakhulu kwama-basketball nama-volleyballs. I-Tartan ayisheleli ngisho nasemvuleni enamandla, amathrekhi okugijima ambozwe nge-tartan aqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle kwezemidlalo, ngoba abagijimi, abagxumagxuma, abadlali bangawabona ngokugcwele amandla abo. Umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwe-tartan coating yukuthi yenziwe kuphela ku-EPDM, irabha yokwenziwa engaboli ngaphansi kwemisebe ye-ultraviolet yelanga, ayiyona i-allergenic futhi ayinayo ubuthi. Iphinde ihlanze ukungcola kalula.
I-Tartan coating technology
I-Tartan emboza izendlalelo ezimbili. Isendlalelo esingezansi sigcwele ingxube yemvuthuluka yerabha evamile evela emathayeni agaywe kabusha. Ngemva kokuqina, ungqimba lwe-tartan luthululelwa phezulu. "I-pie" enjalo iqinisekisa ukusebenza okuphephile kwesikhathi eside kwe-tartan coating.
5. I-Rubber enamathela emiqulwini
Yenza kube lula ukudalwa kwenjoloba engenamthungo kusetshenziswa amaroli enziwe ngomumo. Futhi aqukethe irabha eyimvuthuluka, i-polyurethane binder kanye ne-pigment yombala. Ingxube eqediwe efektri ibekwe phezu kwetafula lokubumba futhi i-sintered ibe yinto eyodwa ngaphansi kwethonya lokushisa. Umehluko wenziwa phakathi kwe-vulcanization eshisayo ku-140°C kanye ne-vulcanization ebandayo ku-80°C. Inketho yesibili iyabiza kakhulu, kodwa ukugqoka okunjalo kufana kakhulu futhi kuqinile. Futhi ngemva kokupholisa, umqulu ugoqeka phakathi kwama-rollers ukuze uthole ukushuba okufanayo. I-multi-layer roll coating nayo ikhiqizwa, lapho ungqimba olungezansi lunezimbotshana eziningi, kanti olungaphezulu lunombala futhi luncane kakhulu ukuhuzuka. Amaroli atholakala ngobubanzi obuhlukene, ubude nemibala.
Ubuchwepheshe bokubeka i-rubber coating emiqulu
Isisekelo silungiswa njengenjwayelo futhi sifakwe kuqala. Khona-ke isigaba sokuqala sigcotshwe nge-glue, umkhawulo womqulu ubekwe kuwo futhi ugoqwe nge-roller esindayo. Khona-ke i-glue isetshenziselwa isigaba esilandelayo, umqulu awuvulwa kuwo futhi inqubo iphindaphindiwe kuze kube yilapho ukufakwa okuphelele. Uma kunesidingo, umqulu olandelayo unamathiselwe eduze, imiphetho yawo iphinde igcotshwe ngeglue. Umphumela uba indawo ebushelelezi, engenamthungo.
Izibonelo zokubeka i-rubber coating ezinkundleni zokudlala
Indlela yokukhetha i-rubber flooring yenkundla yokudlala
I-coat-absorbing coating ikhethiwe ngokusekelwe olwazini lokuphakama okubucayi okukhonjiswe kupasipoti yemishini efakwe ngaphansi kwayo. Uhlobo lwe-flooring, olungenamthungo noma olunamathayela luzoncika kumklami wenkundla yokudlala noma ikhasimende.
Izidingo ze-GOST
Kukhona ama-GOST ahlukahlukene kanye namakhodi wokwakha kanye nemithetho yokugqoka irabha yezindawo zokudlala. Isibonelo, i-GOST R 52168-2012 "Izisetshenziswa nezingubo zenkundla yokudlala yezingane. Dizayina izindlela zokuphepha nezindlela zokuhlola zamaslayidi. Izidingo ezijwayelekile”, zisetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi ukuklama nokusebenza okwengeziwe.
Isidingo esiyinhloko se-synthetic shock-absorbing coating ukuthi izici zayo zokuthambisa zihambisana nokuphakama kwemishini lapho ukuwa kungenzeka khona. Kukhona nezidingo zokuhlanzeka kwezinto lapho ukugqoka kwenziwa khona.
Ubuchwepheshe
Ngokusho kobuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza, ukunamathela okubamba umthelela kungase kuhluke. Ukugqoka kungaba ngendlela yamatayela enziwe nge-rubber crumb noma i-polyurethane foam eyenziwe efektri, noma ngendlela yokugqoka okungenamthungo, izingxenye zazo ezixutshwe futhi zibekwe ngqo endaweni yokudlala. Ubuchwepheshe bokubeka i-Rubber coating buchazwe ngenhla.
Ingabekwa ezisekelweni ezihlukahlukene, kokubili kumatshe amahle, esihlabathini, ngisho nasezindaweni ze-asphalt noma zikakhonkolo. Uma indawo okumele ibekwe inenani elikhulu lokungahambi kahle, khona-ke ukusetshenziswa kwe-rubber crumb kuyanda, okuholela ekwandeni kwezindleko zempahla. Ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kokubeka i-coating, ubuso kufanele bulinganiswe.
Ngaphambi kokufaka i-rubber crumb, isisekelo simbozwe nge-primer, bese i-crumb ihlanganiswe esitsheni nge-glue. Njengomthetho, le nqubo yenzeka ngqo entweni.
Imibuzo nezimpendulo ezidumile
Izimpendulo zemibuzo evame kakhulu yabafundi zinikezwa ochwepheshe: Leonid Boynichev. Isikhulu esiphezulu se-BERSO и UDmitry Ryabov, uchwepheshe wokunikeza izitifiketi zezindawo ezikhangayo nezinkundla zokudlala zeSerkons Group of Companies.
Yibuphi ugqinsi lwenjoloba elilungele inkundla yokudlala?
Inkampani ibambe iqhaza ekuthuthukiseni izindawo zomphakathi kusukela ekuklanyweni kuya ekusetshenzisweni ngokugcwele. Ubukhulu bengubo yerabha buncike ngokuphelele kumishini efakwe kusayithi. I-radio yokufika kanye nokuphakama kokuwa kubalwa: uma umshini uphakeme, ubukhulu be-rubber coating. Kuncike ekuphakameni kokuwa kwemishini, ngamanye amazwi, uma imishini iphakeme, kufanele kufakwe uqweqwe olubamba ukushaqeka. Izidingo zokumboza ezikhungweni ezinjalo zilawulwa yi-GOST R EN 1177-2013 "Izingubo ezibamba ukushaqeka ezinkundleni zokudlala. Ukunqunywa kobude obubucayi bekwindla "1. Ngezakhiwo eziphansi endaweni yokudlala, ubukhulu obufanele be-rubber coating buyi-10 mm. Ngezakhiwo eziphakeme - 20-40 mm. Kungenzeka ukubeka i-coating engaphezu kuka-40 mm, kodwa akwenzi mqondo.
Ingabe i-rubber flooring iyahambisana nemvelo?
I-rubber coating ihambisana nemvelo, njengoba iqukethe izinto eziluhlaza ezihambisana nemvelo, ayinabo ubuthi, ngakho-ke iphephile empilweni nasemvelweni.
Ngokuhambisana nezidingo zomthethonqubo we-EAEU “Ezokuphepha kwemishini ezinkundleni zokudlala zezingane”2, izinto ezisetshenziswa ekukhiqizeni i-coating kumele:
• Ungabi nomthelela omubi empilweni yomuntu kanye nemvelo ngesikhathi sokusebenza;
• Ungaziphathi izinto ezivuthayo;
• Ungayiphathi imikhiqizo evuthayo eyingozi ngokwedlulele ngokobuthi;
Njengengxenye yesitifiketi se-coat-absorbing coating, ukuhlolwa kwenziwa lapho ukuphepha kwezinto ezisetshenzisiwe kuqinisekiswa khona.
Ngingakwazi ukusebenzisa irabha yesondo egaywe kabusha?
Amathayi, njengepulasitiki, awaboli kahle. Ngakho-ke, ukusetshenziswa koqweqwe oluvela kumathayi asetshenziswe kabusha kunikeza izinzuzo ezimbili ngesikhathi esisodwa: ukugqoka okungahambisani nokugqoka, ngokunakekelwa okufanele, kuzohlala isikhathi eside, nokuhlonipha imvelo. Lena enye yezinhlobo ezivamile zokukhiqizwa kwezingubo ezibamba ukushaqeka kusuka kumvuthuluka werabha wezingxenye ezihlukene, ezitholwe ngokugaya amathayi ezimoto.
Ingabe ungenzani ukuze uthole i-deтской площадке?
Ukunakekela i-rubber coating kulula, into ebaluleke kakhulu akona ukulimaza i-canvas ngokwayo. Isibonelo, lapho ususa iqhwa, kungcono ukusebenzisa amafosholo okhuni anamakhona ayindilinga, futhi ehlobo, ungasebenzisa amathuluzi ahlukahlukene okuhlanza izindawo, kusukela emishanelweni kuya kuma-blower. Ungasebenzisa futhi ukugeza kusuka kumapayipi okuchelela.
Umkhiqizi we-flooring wenkundla yokudlala kufanele anikeze imiyalelo yokugcinwa nokugcinwa kwezinqubo zokuhlola. Isibonelo, mayelana nokugcinwa kwe-coating ekuhlanzekeni, imvamisa yokuhlolwa, ukulungiswa komonakalo, njll. Njengoba umkhuba ubonisa, ukuntuleka kwesondlo kunciphisa ngokushesha izakhiwo ze-coating ebamba umthelela.
Imithombo ye
- https://docs.cntd.ru/document/1200105646
- https://docs.cntd.ru/document/456065182