I-splint iyithuluzi eliqinile, ngezinye izikhathi eliphefumulayo, okwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuvala isitho noma ilunga okwesikhashana, kancane kancane kune-plaster cast. Ikhululeke kakhulu kunalena yokugcina, ingasuswa ebusuku noma lapho ushawa. I-semi-rigid, i-static noma i-dynamic, ciyithuluzi lokuvimbela, ekwelapheni kanye ne-analgesic ngesikhathi esifanayo.

I-splint iyisisetshenziswa sangaphandle esihloselwe ukuqukatha noma ukusebenza "njengomqaphi" welungu noma ilunga. Isetshenziselwa ukuvimbela ingxenye yomzimba okwesikhashana.

Ukumelana, i-splint yenziwe ngezinto ezihlukahlukene:

• ipulasitiki;
• phuza ;
• ingilazi ye-fiberglass;
• i-aluminium;
• inhlaka;
• njll

Inhloso yokugqoka i-splint miningi. Ngempela, ama-pathologies amaningi ahlobene nokulimala, ukuhlukumezeka noma ngisho nokuhlinzwa adinga ukugqokwa kwe-splint.

Ukunganyakazi kwesikhashana kwesitho esithintekile kanye namalunga aso kusetshenziswa i-splint kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuba:

• yenza lula ukuvuselelwa ngokusekela isitho nokunciphisa ukunyakaza kwayo, ikakhulukazi lapho kwenzeka ukuphuka, ukuqhuma, i-tendonitis noma i-dislocation;
• ukuthuthukisa ukuphulukiswa kwezicubu;
• ukunciphisa ubuhlungu obubangelwa ukuvuvukala.

I-splint ingagqokwa:

• ngokuvikela, ngokwesibonelo njengengxenye yokwelashwa okusebenzayo kokudambisa izinhlungu ezihambisana nejoyinti elisebenza ngokweqile;
• ekulandeleni ukusebenza kwangemva kokusebenza (ukuhlinzwa okwakha kabusha);
• uma kwenzeka i-rheumatism ukuphumula ukujoyina;
• uma kwenzeka i-flexum, okungukuthi ukulahlekelwa ukuhamba yejoyinti, ukuthola uhla olukhulu lokunyakaza;
• esimweni sokungazinzi okungapheli;
• ekwelapheni kwangemva kokuhlukumezeka (ukushaqeka, ukushaywa, ukuwa, ukunyakaza okungamanga).

Kulula ukusebenzisa, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yezinhlelo zezintambo noma ukuvalwa kwe-hook-and-loop, ama-splints ngokuvamile avumelana ne-morphology yakho ukuze anikeze ukwesekwa okuhle kanye nomthelela we-analgesic.

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi umlenze ongaphezulu noma ophansi, ukusetshenziswa kwe-splint ngokuvamile kwenziwa ngale ndlela elandelayo:

• lungisa umphetho;
• phakamisa kancane isitho ukuze umphimbo udlule;
• slayida imvalo ngaphansi kwesitho esithintekayo, kufaka phakathi ilunga;
• beka isitho esihlukumezekile phezu kwe-splint futhi uyibambe, ngenkathi ugoqa i-splint ukuze uyinikeze ukuma kwe-groove;
• gcina i-splint ngokumelene nesitho;
• vala i-splint ngesistimu yayo yokuvala;
• hlola ukuthi isitho asinyakazi kahle.

Izindlela zokuvikela ukusetshenziswa

• ungaqinisi kakhulu i-splint: kufanele iqukathe isitho noma isihlanganisi esihlosiwe, ngaphandle kokumisa ukujikeleza kwegazi;
• phakamisa isitho esinganyakazi;
• uma kwenzeka ukushaqeka, sebenzisa njalo iqhwa, esikhwameni esingangeni moya, ku-splint, ikakhulukazi ekuqaleni ukunciphisa i-edema;
• ungamanzisi i-splint ukugwema ingozi ye-maceration;
• gwema ukushayela imoto noma amasondo amabili nge-splint;
• uma kungenzeka, qhubeka nokusebenza ngokomzimba. Ukuba nesitho esinganyakazi kungaholela ekulahlekelweni amandla noma ukuguquguquka kwamalunga nemisipha. Ukugwema ukuqina, kungakuhle ukuthi unyakazise futhi ucindezele imisipha ngaphansi kwesihlwitha;
• uma kwenzeka ukulunywa, thambisa isikhumba lapho uthintana ne-splint njalo.

Ama-splints atholakala ngamasayizi ahlukene kanye nokwakheka kuye ngokuthi i-morphology, ubudala kanye nesitho okufanele singanyakazi.

• umphambili ;
• ingalo;
• umlenze;
• isikhonkwane ;
• isihlakala
• njll

Ngaphezu kokuchithwa okwengeziwe kanye nalokho okwenziwa abezimo eziphuthumayo, izingcezu zingenziwa ukukalwa ngudokotela wamazinyo, udokotela womzimba, udokotela wamathambo noma owelapha emsebenzini ukuze akwazi ukuzivumelanisa ngokuphelele nesiguli ngasinye.

Izinhlobo ezahlukene zama-splints zihlanganisa ama-splints alandelayo.

Ama-splints ane-inflatable

Ama-splints ane-inflatable avumelana nokuma kwesiguli. Yenziwe ngepulasitiki egezekayo, ukuqina kwabo kuqinisekiswa ukucindezela komoya. Zibanjwe eduze kwesitho nge-buttonhole noma uhlelo lweziphu. Angasetshenziswa futhi uma kwenzeka kuba ne-spasticity, okusho ukuthi i-stretch reflexes ene-contraction enamandla kakhulu futhi yinde kakhulu. Angabizi, alula futhi kulula ukuwagcina, athatha indawo encane, awabonakali kuma-x-reyi ngakho-ke angashiywa endaweni ukuze kuthathwe ama-x-reyi. Nokho, lezi zintekenteke futhi azikwazi ukuzivumelanisa nokuguga.

Izintambo zokucindezeleka

Izicucu zomshini, ngomatilasi noma igobolondo elingenalutho, kuvimbela emuva nokhalo noma izitho zomzimba. Lezi izimvilophu ezingangeni manzi kumaseyili enziwe ngepulasitiki nagezekayo, aqukethe amabhola e-polystyrene, futhi avaliwe ngevalvu. Uma iqukethe umoya, amabhola ahamba ngokukhululeka futhi i-splint ingabunjwa ezungeze isitho. Lapho umoya udonswa ngepompo, kwakhiwa i-vacuum ku-splint futhi ukucindezeleka kuphusha amabhola ngokumelene nomunye, okwenza umgogodla uqine. Ngakho-ke ama-vacuum splints avumelana nokukhubazeka okubaluleke kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ezithweni ezingezansi. Kuyabiza futhi kuntekenteke, isikhathi sazo sokuqalisa side kunezinye izinhlaka.

Ama-splints asenziwe ngaphambilini, abumbekayo

Ama-splints abumbeke ngaphambili akhiwe ngezindwani ze-aluminium ezigogekayo, ezizungezwe yi-padding. I-splint ithatha isimo se-gutter, okungenzeka ukuthi i-angle, ebekwe eduze nomlenze. Uhlangothi oluxhumene nesitho senziwe ngepulasitiki, luyawasheka futhi luyabulala amagciwane. Olunye uhlangothi luyi-velor ukuvumela izintambo ze-Velcro ukuthi zinamathiselwe. I-splint ikhubazekile ukuze kuhlonishwe indawo yesitho kanye nokukhubazeka okungenzeka. Uma i-splint isisendaweni, izintambo zibekwe. Ngokungangabazeki ukusebenza okuhle kakhulu / isilinganiso senani, ama-splints abunjwe ngaphambili aqinile. Kodwa-ke, lezi azibonakali kuma-X-ray futhi azikwazi ukuzivumelanisa nokukhubazeka okukhulu.