Okuqukethwe
Ithumba esikhumbeni ukuvuvukala kwesikhumba okulinganiselwe, okuhambisana nokwakheka kwe-purulent cavity esicutshini ngokulimala kwezicubu ezingaphansi. Ithumba lingenzeka ngokwalo ngendlela yamathumba, noma lithuthuke njengenkinga ngemva kwe-tonsillitis, inyumoniya, nokulimala okuhlukahlukene. Amathumba avela kaningi njengenkinga ngemva kokuvuvukala okuyinhloko. Odinga ukukwazi ngethumba, ukuthi ungalibona futhi ulaphe kanjani?
Izici ezijwayelekile zesifo
Ithumba ukuvuvukala kwezicubu okwenzeka ngemuva kokugula noma isifo esizimele. Ama-causative agents yi-staphylococci, kancane kancane - i-Escherichia coli, i-streptococci nabanye abameleli be-microflora. Ngokushesha nje lapho ukuvuvukala kuqala ezicutshini, ukusabela komzimba okuvikelayo kuyaqala. I-capsule yakha ezungeze ukugxila kokuvuvukala, okuvikela izicubu ezithelelekile kwezempilo futhi kuvimbele ukusabalala kwamagciwane.
I-microflora ye-Pathogenic ingangena ngesikhumba esilimele / ulwelwesi lwamafinyila noma ngemithambo yegazi / ye-lymphatic (uma i-pathogen isivele ikhona emzimbeni).
Yiziphi izimbangela zokutheleleka?
Ithumba lingenzeka kunoma iyiphi ingxenye yomzimba, kusukela emabhola eminwe kuya ebuchosheni. Ngisho ne-splinter encane ingabangela ukutheleleka futhi ibe isizathu esibucayi sokubona udokotela. Kungenzeka kanjani lokhu? Amagciwane angena endaweni eyonakele esuka endaweni ezungezile. Baqala ukwanda ngokushesha, okuholela ekuvuvukeni, ukwakheka kobomvu neminye imiphumela engathandeki.
Ukukhula kwethumba kungabangelwa ukuphindaphindeka kwama-microbes atypical noma izifo eziyingozi ngaphakathi emzimbeni. Ngokushesha lapho amasosha omzimba ethola i-pathogen, ngokushesha aqala ukukhiqiza amangqamuzana egazi avikelayo. Ngegazi, bangena ekugxilweni kokuvuvukala futhi babhubhise i-agent yangaphandle. Njengomphumela "womzabalazo", into ethile yakhiwa kusukela ku-microbial mass, izicubu ezizungezile, i-fibrin, i-interstitial fluid, namaseli egazi ancibilikisiwe. Inhlanganisela yazo zonke izakhi futhi kwakha ithumba.
isithombe somtholampilo
Izimpawu zincike ngokuqondile ku-etiology yesifo kanye nokusabela kokuzivikela kwamasosha omzimba. Ukuqina kokubonakaliswa nakho kuncike endaweni yokuvuvukala nobukhulu bayo. Imvamisa, iziguli zihlangana nethumba ezicutshini ezingaphandle. Iqala ngemva kokuhlukumezeka kwemishini kanye nokutheleleka kwesikhumba. Odokotela bahlukanisa izimpawu ezi-5 eziyinhloko zokuvuvukala:
- ububomvu;
- ukuvuvukala;
- ubuhlungu;
- ukugxuma okubukhali ekushiseni komzimba;
- ukungasebenzi kahle kwendawo ethintekile.
Inhlalakahle yesiguli iphinde ikwazise ngokuphazamiseka kwangaphakathi. Umuntu uzizwa ebuthakathaka, ecindezelekile, enganaki, ephathwa yikhanda futhi engakuthandi ukudla. Ukubonakaliswa kwelabhorethri kuboniswa ngokugxuma ezingeni lama-leukocyte kanye nezinga eliphezulu le-erythrocyte sedimentation. Izimpawu ezithile zinqunywa uhlobo nezici zethumba. Isibonelo, ithumba ebuchosheni liholela ekuphazamisekeni kwengqondo, futhi ukuvuvukala emphinjeni kugcwele ubuhlungu lapho ugwinya, ukuphefumula, nokuphefumula.
Izinhlobo zamathumba
| Uhlobo lwethumba | Ukwenza kwasendaweni | Izimpawu | Isici |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cold | Izixuku ze-purulent ziqoqana ezindaweni ezincane ezinomkhawulo kuwo wonke umzimba | Azikho izimpawu zokuvuvukala (ubuhlungu, ububomvu, ukugxuma kwezinga lokushisa) | Ivela ezigabeni ezithile ze-osteoarticular tuberculosis noma i-actinomycosis |
| I-Paratonsillar | Ukuvuvukala okunamandla kwenzeka eduze kwamathoni | Ukwanda komphimbo obuhlungu, ukugodola, imfiva ephezulu, ukudakwa, ukuvuvukala kwama-lymph nodes, umoya omubi, i-trismus | Yakheka njengenkinga ye-angina. Ama-pathologies athinteka kakhulu emaqenjini amancane eziguli (kusuka kwabancane kuya ezinsizweni). |
| I-Subdiaphragmatic | Ikhula ngaphansi kwe-diaphragm (ukuvinjwa kwesisu), okungabangela ubomvu buqoqene kanye negesi | Izimpawu zomtholampilo ezijwayelekile ziyisici senqubo yokuvuvukala | Ngokuvamile kuvela njengenkinga ngemva kwezifo ezivuthayo ezivuthayo noma ukulimala komgodi wesisu. |
| i-retropharyngeal | Yakheka odongeni olungemuva lwepharynx ngenxa yokwengezwa kwama-lymph nodes kanye ne-fiber ye-pharyngeal space. | Ubuhlungu obubukhali lapho uhlafuna futhi ugwinya, ikhala, ukuphefumula kwekhala, ukuphefumula, izinga lokushisa eliphezulu lomzimba | Kwenzeka ngokuzimela ngamanxeba e-pharyngeal mucosa noma njengenkinga ngemva komkhuhlane, isimungumungwane, i-scarlet fever |
| hlanya | Iqoqo lendawo lobovu endaweni yomzimba ehlaselwe isifo sofuba | Akuhambisani ne-acute inflammatory reaction, azikho izimpawu zesici | Iqala nge-osteoarticular tuberculosis. Inkambo yalesi sifo ifihlekile futhi ihamba kancane, ingahlala izinyanga ezimbalwa. |
| i-peripharyngeal | Ukuvuvukala okulinganiselwe kwe-purulent kwezicubu zesikhala se-peripharyngeal | Ubuhlungu bomphimbo obunzima, ubunzima bokugwinya, i-trismus, ukungakhululeki lapho uhambisa ikhanda, izinga lokushisa eliphakeme lomzimba (kufika ku-41 ° C), ukuphuma kodonga olungemuva lwepharynx. | Kuvela njengenkinga yokuvuvukala noma ukulimala ku-pharynx, indlebe ephakathi, umgodi womlomo |
| Umjovo wangemuva | Ithuthukiswa endaweni yomjovo | Ububomvu, ukuvuvukala, imfiva, ubuhlungu kanye nokungakhululeki lapho uthinta ithumba | Kwakhiwe ngenxa yokungahambisani nemithetho yokujova |
| I-Periodontal | Yakheka ku-gum | Isiyezi, ukulahlekelwa ukudla, ubuhlungu, umkhuhlane | Kuvela ngemva kokulimala kwemishini yomgodi womlomo, izinqubo zokuvuvukala, izitho zokwenziwa zekhwalithi ephansi noma ezinye izinsizakalo zamazinyo. |
Izinkinga ezingenzeka
Uma i-abscess itholakala ebusweni besikhumba, noma kunjalo ungayisusi ngokwakho. Ukuvuleka kwethumba kuholela emazingeni ezicubu kanye nokutheleleka okwengeziwe.
Izinkinga zivela kuphela ngokufinyelela okungakafiki kuchwepheshe. Imvamisa, iziguli zivula ithumba ngokwazo, zenza iphutha nge-acne, kepha lokhu akuvunyelwe ngokuphelele. Isibonelo, ukulimala kwe-capsule ye-purulent yezinyo kungashiya isibazi esihlathini futhi kuthinte kakhulu ukubukeka kobuhle besikhumba. Kodwa izibazi akuyona inkinga embi kakhulu. Okubi nakakhulu ukutheleleka kabusha kanye nokushintshela ezindaweni ezintsha zezicubu ezinempilo.
Uma ithumba livela emigodini yangaphakathi (amathambo, imisipha, izitho), ingozi yezinkinga iyanda. Ukuqhekeka kwethumba kusongela ukuqunjelwa, ukukhula ukopha, ukutheleleka okujwayelekile kwegazi nawo wonke umzimba. Ingabe lokhu kungagwenywa? Yebo. Kunoma yiziphi izimpawu ze-pathogenic ongakwazi ukuzilawula, thintana nodokotela.
Indlela yokuxilonga ukuvuvukala?
Ngokushesha nje lapho uzwa ukuwohloka kwesimo noma ubona ukwakheka okungavamile esikhumbeni, thintana nodokotela wakho ngokushesha. Uma ithumba litholakala phezulu, ukuxilongwa ngeke kubangele ubunzima. Kodwa, ukuze aqinisekise ukunemba kokuxilongwa, udokotela kufanele anikeze ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe. Uchwepheshe uqoqa i-anamnesis, ufunda ngenhlalakahle yesiguli futhi ukhipha ukudluliselwa kokuhlolwa komtholampilo okuvamile.
Uma kusolwa inqubo yokuvuvukala emaphashini noma ebuchosheni, i-computed tomography inqunyiwe. I-Ultrasound ivame ukunqunywa ukuxilonga ithumba lepheshana lesisu. Futhi, udokotela angase adinge ukubhoboza (i-diagnostic puncture) okulandelwa isampula eliwuketshezi ukuze lihlolwe.
Izici zokwelapha nokuvimbela
Amathumba ahlukaniswa njengezifo zokuhlinzwa, ngakho-ke ngokuvamile akhishwa ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa. Ukwelashwa kusekelwe ekuvuleni indawo evuthayo ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia yendawo / evamile, ukususa ubuningi be-purulent kanye nokwelashwa kwe-antiseptic ye-cavity. Ukwengeza, udokotela ufaka i-drain esusa izinsalela zama-purulent mass.
Ngaphezu kokwelashwa kokuhlinzwa, odokotela bangasebenzisa indlela yokulondoloza. Ngemva kokuxilongwa okuphelele nokuxilongwa, uchwepheshe ukhetha umuthi odingekayo, umthamo wawo futhi uqaphe ukusabela komzimba ezintweni ezingenayo. Ngokuvamile, izidakamizwa ezilwa nokuvuvukala kanye ne-antipyretic zinqunywa. Kufanele kuqondwe ukuthi uhlu lwezidakamizwa lukhethiwe esimweni ngasinye esithile. Ezinye iziguli zizophila kahle nge-paracetamol evamile, kanti ezinye zizodinga ukwelashwa okwengeziwe kwamahomoni. Ngaphambi kokwenza ukuxilongwa, isiguli kufanele sihlolwe. Kubandakanya ukuhlolwa kwaselabhorethri kanye nezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zezifundo (i-ultrasound, i-X-ray, i-computed tomography).
Njengokwelashwa kwendawo, inhlanganisela yezinyathelo zokuhlanzeka nezokwelapha zisetshenziswa. Izinwele zisuswa ngokucophelela endaweni ethintekile (imvamisa ukushefa) futhi zelashwe nsuku zonke ngezixazululo ze-antiseptic/imithi eyizimpawu. Ekupheleni kokwelashwa, udokotela angase anikeze inkambo yamavithamini noma ama-immunomodulators ukusheshisa ukubuyiswa komzimba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iziguli zelulekwa ukuba zenze i-physiotherapy, zizivikele ekucindezelekeni, futhi zichithe isikhathi esengeziwe emoyeni omusha.
Kungenzeka yini ukuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwethumba? Akunakwenzeka ukubikezela ukuvuvukala. Ukwakheka kwayo kungadalwa ngamakhulu ezinto ezingancikile esigulini uqobo. Ukuze unciphise ingozi yokutheleleka - qapha ngokucophelela inhlanzeko, vakashela izikhungo zezokwelapha ezithembekile kuphela ne-cosmetology, ukuqapha ubunyumba bamadivayisi asetshenziswa udokotela. Ukuhambisana nemithetho ye-banal kuzosiza ngempela ukugcina nokuqinisa imisebenzi yokuzivikela yomzimba. Ungabanaki futhi uhlale unempilo.
- Imithombo ye
- Gostishchev VK Ukutheleleka ekuhlinzeni. - M.: GEOTAR-Media, 2014. - 768 p.
- I-Pods VI Umhlahlandlela wokuhlinzwa kwe-purulent. - M.: Umuthi, 1984. - 512 p.
- Indawo yesikhungo sezofuzo zezokwelapha "Genomed". – Izilonda esikhumbeni.