Ukudangala kwesizini
La ukucindezeleka kwesizini, noma I-Seasonal Affective Disorder (TAF), ukucindezeleka okuhlobene ukuntuleka kokukhanya kwemvelo. Ukuze kukhulunywe ngokwezokwelapha ngokudangala kwesizini, lokhu kucindezeleka kufanele kwenzeke ngesikhathi esifanayo unyaka ngamunye, ekwindla noma ebusika, okungenani iminyaka emi-2 elandelanayo, futhi kuqhubeke kuze kufike intwasahlobo elandelayo.
Ngesikhathi sasebusika, izinsuku zifushane futhi ukukhanya kancane kakhulu. Lokhu kuzokwehla ukusuka ku-100 lux (iyunithi yesilinganiso sokukhanya) ngezinsuku zasehlobo libalele kuye kwesinye isikhathi kucishe kube ngu-000 lux ngezinsuku zasebusika.
Ubani othintekayo?
ECanada, cishe u-18% wabantu uba nenkinga ” amabhlogo ebusika »26 ebonakala ngo-a ukungabi namandla Futhi eyodwa zokuziphatha intekenteke kakhudlwana. Abanye abantu babhekana nalesi simo ngokujulile. Kufezwe iqiniso ukucindezeleka kwesizini, bangase babe nobunzima ekwenzeni imisebenzi yabo evamile. Lokhu kunjalo ku-0,7 kuya ku-9,7% (36) wabantu abadala eNyakatho Melika.
EYurophu, izifundo zokucindezeleka kwesizini zithinta i-1.3 kuya ku-4.6% yabantu. Kodwa indlela yokubala incike kumgomo wenhloso.
Iningi, phakathi kuka-70 no-80% walabo abathintekayo abesifazane. Izingane kanye nentsha ayivamisile ukuthinteka.
Uma omunye eqhela enkabazwe, inani labantu abathintekayo liyakhula, ngoba inani lamahora weilanga ishintshashintsha kakhulu phakathi nonyaka. Isibonelo, e-Alaska, lapho ilanga lingaphumi nhlobo isikhathi esingaphezu kwenyanga engu-1 ebusika, abantu abangu-9% bahlushwa ukucindezeleka kwesizini.1.
Kubantu abanokucindezeleka kwakudala noma isifo esiguquguqukayo (eneziqephu ezicindezelayo), ukucindezeleka kuba kubi ngezikhathi ezithile zonyaka ku-10 kuya ku-15% walabo abathintekayo.
Njengokucindezeleka kwakudala, izimpawu zokucindezeleka kwesizini zingaba zimbi kakhulu zize ziholele imicabango yokuzibulala.
Ukucindezeleka kwesizini ehlobo? Abanye abantu banokudangala kwesizini ekuphakameni kwehlobo. Lokhu kungase kube ngenxa ukushisa, lokho ngezinye izikhathi okunzima ukuthwala noma ukukhanya okunamandla. Akukho ukwelashwa okuqondile okudizayinelwe abantu abanokucindezeleka kwehlobo kwesizini. Odokotela banikeza ukwelashwa okujwayelekile kokucindezeleka (i-psychotherapy, izidakamizwa eziqeda ukucindezeleka). Abanye abantu bayakwazi ukudambisa izimpawu zabo ngokusebenzisa isistimu ye-air conditioning kanye nokunciphisa ukukhanya okuzungezile endaweni abahlala kuyo, noma ngokuya ezindaweni ezipholile.25. |
Izimbangela
I-Dr UNorman E. Rosenthal, udokotela wengqondo nomcwaningi weNational Institute of Mental Health, waba ngowokuqala ukubonisa, ngo-1984, ukuxhumana phakathi ukukhanya nokucindezeleka34. Wachaza i ukucindezeleka kwesizini. Eqinisweni, "ukutholakala" kwalolu hlobo lokucindezeleka akunakuhlukaniswa nokusungulwa kokwelashwa okukhanyayo. Kwakungokuqaphela ukuthi ukuchayeka ekukhanyeni okubanzi kwe-spectrum kungase kuzuze abantu abahlushwa izimpawu zokucindezeleka phakathi nenkathi yasebusika lapho uDkt Rosenthal ekwazi ukukhombisa indima edlalwa ukukhanyaiwashi lemvelo kwangaphakathi nesimo.
Ngempela, ukukhanya kudlala indima ebalulekile ekulawuleni iwashi langaphakathi lebhayoloji. Lokhu kulawula imisebenzi eminingana yomzimba ngokusho kwesigqi esinembe kakhulu, njenge imijikelezo yokuvuka nokulala kanye nokukhiqizwa kwezinhlobonhlobo amahomoni kuye ngesikhathi sosuku.
Ngemva kokungena esweni, imisebe yokukhanya iguqulwa ibe amasignali kagesi okuthi, lapho ethunyelwe ebuchosheni, asebenze kuma-neurotransmitters. Enye yalezi, i-serotonin, ngezinye izikhathi ebizwa ngokuthi “i-hormone yenjabulo,” ilawula imizwa futhi ilawula ukukhiqizwa kwe-melatonin, enye i-hormone ebhekele imijikelezo yokulala. Ukukhiqizwa kwe-melatonin kuyavinjelwa emini futhi kugqugquzelwe ebusuku. I ukuphazamiseka kwe-hormonal okubangelwa ukuntuleka kokukhanya kungaba nzima ngokwanele ukubangela izimpawu ezihlobene umkhombe.
Izinga lokukhanya: amabhentshimakhi athile Usuku lwasehlobo libalele: 50 kuya ku-000 lux Usuku lwasebusika olunelanga: 2 kuya ku-000 lux Ngaphakathi kwendlu: 100 kuya ku-500 lux Ehhovisi elikhanyiswe kahle: 400 kuya ku-1 lux |