Ingabe ufuna ukuba nenkumbulo enhle? Lala kahle! Phela, isigaba sokulala kwe-REM (isigaba se-REM, lapho amaphupho ebonakala futhi ukunyakaza kwamehlo okusheshayo kuqala) sihileleke ngokuqondile ekwakhekeni kwenkumbulo. Ososayensi baphakamise lokhu izikhathi ezingaphezu kwesisodwa, kodwa muva nje kube nokwenzeka ukufakazela ukuthi umsebenzi wama-neurons obhekene nokudluliswa kolwazi kusuka kwinkumbulo yesikhashana ukuya kweyesikhathi eside ubaluleke kakhulu ngokunembile esigabeni sokulala se-REM. Ososayensi baseNyuvesi yaseBern kanye ne-Douglas Institute of Mental Health eNyuvesi yaseMcGill bathole lokhu kutholakala, okubonisa ngokuqhubekayo ukubaluleka kokulala okunempilo okunempilo. Imiphumela yocwaningo lwabo yanyatheliswa kumagazini iSayensi, i-portal Neurotechnology.rf ibhala ngokuningiliziwe ngakho.
Noma yiluphi ulwazi olusha olusanda kutholwa lugcinwa kuqala ezinhlotsheni ezahlukene zenkumbulo, isibonelo, indawo noma imizwa, futhi ngemva kwalokho luhlanganiswa noma luhlanganiswe, lusuka esikhathini esifushane ukuya esikhathini eside. “Indlela ubuchopho obuyenza ngayo le nqubo ayikacaci kuze kube manje. Ngokokuqala ngqa, sikwazile ukufakazela ukuthi ukulala kwe-REM kubaluleke kakhulu ekwakhekeni okujwayelekile kwenkumbulo yendawo kumagundane, ”kuchaza omunye wababhali bocwaningo, uSylvain Williams.
Ukwenza lokhu, ososayensi benza izivivinyo kumagundane: amagundane eqenjini elilawulayo avunyelwe ukulala njengenjwayelo, futhi amagundane eqenjini lokuhlola ngesikhathi sesigaba sokulala se-REM “acisha” ama-neurons abhekele inkumbulo, asebenza kuwo ngama-pulses alula. Ngemva kokuchayeka okunjalo, la magundane awazange azibone izinto ayezifunde ngaphambili, njengokungathi inkumbulo yawo isuliwe.
Futhi nali iqiniso elibaluleke kakhulu, eliphawulwe ngumbhali oholayo wocwaningo, u-Richard Boyes: “Ukucisha la ma-neuron afanayo, kodwa ngaphandle kweziqephu zokulala ze-REM, akuzange kube namphumela enkumbulweni. Lokhu kusho ukuthi umsebenzi we-neuronal ngesikhathi sokulala kwe-REM ubalulekile ekuhlanganiseni inkumbulo evamile. ”
Ukulala kwe-REM kuthathwa njengengxenye ebalulekile yomjikelezo wokulala kuzo zonke izilwane ezincelisayo, kuhlanganise nabantu. Ososayensi baya ngokuya behlobanisa izinga layo eliphansi nokuvela kokuphazamiseka kwengqondo okuhlukahlukene njenge-Alzheimer's noma i-Parkinson's. Ikakhulukazi, ukulala kwe-REM kuvame ukuhlanekezelwa kakhulu kwisifo i-Alzheimer's, futhi imiphumela yalolu cwaningo ikhombisa ukuthi ukukhubazeka okunjalo kungathinta ngqo ukukhubazeka kwenkumbulo ku-pathology "ye-Alzheimer", kusho abacwaningi.
Ukuze umzimba usebenzise isikhathi osidingayo esigabeni se-REM, zama ukulala ngokuqhubekayo okungenani amahora angu-8: uma ukulala kuphazamiseka njalo, ubuchopho buchitha isikhathi esincane kulesi sigaba.
Ungafunda okwengeziwe mayelana nalokhu kuhlola okujabulisayo kososayensi ngezansi.
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Amakhulu ocwaningo lwangaphambilini azame ngokungaphumeleli ukuhlukanisa umsebenzi wemizwa phakathi nokulala esebenzisa amasu okuhlola endabuko. Kulokhu, ososayensi bathatha indlela ehlukile. Basebenzise indlela yokucabanga ye-optogenetic esanda kuthuthukiswa futhi evele idumile phakathi kwezazi ze-neurophysiologists, eyabavumela ukuba banqume ngokunembile inani elihlosiwe lama-neurons futhi balawule umsebenzi wabo ngaphansi kwethonya lokukhanya.
"Sikhethe lawo ma-neuron alawula ukusebenza kwe-hippocampus, isakhiwo esakha inkumbulo ngesikhathi sokuphaphama, kanye nesistimu ye-GPS yobuchopho," kusho uWilliams.
Ukuhlola inkumbulo yendawo yesikhathi eside kumagundane, ososayensi baqeqeshe amagundane ukuba abone into entsha endaweni elawulwayo, lapho kwase kunento eyayikade iyihlolile ngaphambili futhi efana nentsha ngokuma nangomthamo. Amagundane achitha isikhathi esiningi ehlola “ubusha”, futhi ngaleyo ndlela abonisa ukuthi ukufunda nokukhumbula okwakufundwe ngaphambilini kwakwenzeka kanjani.
Ngenkathi lawa magundane esebuthongweni be-REM, abacwaningi basebenzisa ama-pulses okukhanya ukuvala ama-neuron ahlobene nenkumbulo futhi banqume ukuthi lokhu kuzothinta kanjani ukuhlanganiswa kwenkumbulo. Ngosuku olulandelayo, la magundane ahluleka ngokuphelele ukwenza umsebenzi wokusebenzisa inkumbulo yendawo, engabonisi ngisho nengxenye encane yokuhlangenwe nakho ayekuthole ngayizolo. Uma kuqhathaniswa neqembu lokulawula, inkumbulo yabo yayibonakala isuliwe.