E-France, njengakwamanye amazwe, abafundi abafisa ukubhalisa esikoleni sikahulumeni, se-National Education, babelwa isikhungo ngokwendawo abahlala kuyo. Uma lesi sabelo singafaneleki, ngenxa yezizathu zomuntu siqu, zobungcweti noma zezokwelapha, abazali bangacela ukukhululwa esikoleni ukuze babhalise ingane yabo ekusungulweni abakuthandayo. Kodwa ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile.

Umlando omncane

Kwakungo-1963 lapho “lelikhadi lesikole” lafakwa khona eFrance nguChristian Fouchet, owayenguNgqongqoshe Wezemfundo ngaleso sikhathi. Izwe ngaleso sikhathi lalisesimweni esinamandla sokwakha futhi leli mephu lavumela iMfundo Kazwelonke ukuthi isabalalise izikole ngokulinganayo ngokwenani labafundi, iminyaka yabo kanye nezindlela zokufundisa ezidingekayo endaweni.

Imephu yesikole ekuqaleni yayingenawo umsebenzi oxhumene nengxube yezenhlalo noma yezemfundo futhi namanye amazwe anjengeJapan, iSweden noma iFinland enza okufanayo.

Inhloso bekuyi-binary:

• ukufinyelela emfundweni yazo zonke izingane ezisensimini;
• ukusatshalaliswa kwezikhala zokufundisa.

Lokhu kuhlukaniswa kwemikhakha kuphinde kuvumele i-National Education ukuthi ihlele ukuvulwa nokuvalwa kwamakilasi ngokwenani labafundi elilindelekile. Eminye iminyango, efana ne-Loire Atlantique, ibone ukwanda kwenani lezikole ngenkathi, kweminye iminyango, kuwukwehla kwezibalo okwenzekayo. Ngakho-ke imephu yesikole iyashintsha unyaka nonyaka.

Kwavela nini ukuhlukahluka kwezenhlalo nezemfundo?

Lo mbuzo uvele ngokushesha ngemva kwalokho ngoba eminye imindeni, iphawula umehluko empumelelweni yokuhlolwa kuye ngokuthi isungulwe kanjani, noma ifisa ukuthi izingane zayo zihlale endaweni yazo eseduze nenhlalo, yacela ngokushesha ukukhululwa ukuze ikhethe ukusungulwa kwayo.

Ngakho-ke ukufinyelela ngokulinganayo emfundweni kwakungokoqobo kakhulu, kodwa empeleni izikhungo ngokwazo seziphenduke izimpawu zempumelelo yomphakathi. Isibonelo, iSorbonne University yaziwa emhlabeni wonke. Futhi ku-CV, lokho kakade kuyimpahla.

Kuze kube ngu-2008, izizathu zokucela ukukhululwa kube:

• izibopho zobungcweti zabazali;
• izizathu zezokwelapha;
• ukwelulwa kwesikole endaweni efanayo, ngemva kokuhamba;
• ukubhalisa endaweni edolobheni lapho umzalwane noma udade esefunda esikoleni.

Ukuphambukiswa kwalezi zizathu kwatholwa ngokushesha yimindeni:

• ukuthengwa kwezindlu endaweni oyifunayo;
• ukuhlala nengane yabo nelungu lomndeni elihlala endaweni yothando lwesikhungo esikhethiwe;
• ukukhetha inketho engavamile (isiShayina, isiRashiya) etholakala kuphela ezikhungweni ezithile.

Umthetho futhi ukhombisa ukuthi izikole kumele ziqale zihlinzeke ngabafundi abahlala emkhakheni wazo bese kuthi okwesibili bacele ukukhululwa.

Izindlu ezisezindaweni ezidingeka kakhulu, zibone amanani azo enyuka. Kunjalo, ngokwesibonelo, i-arrondissement yesi-5 ngaleyo ndlela ineprimiyamu ngenxa yobukhona bekolishi le-Henri-IV.

Namuhla, izizathu zokukhululwa kanye nemibhalo edingekayo yilezi:

• umfundi onokukhubazeka - Isinqumo seKhomishana Yamalungelo Nokuzimela (isaziso esithunyelwe yi-MDPH);
• umfundi ohlomula ekunakekelweni kwezempilo okubalulekile eduze nendawo eceliwe - isitifiketi sokwelashwa;
• umfundi okungenzeka abe umnikazi we-scholarship - Isaziso sokugcina sentela noma ukungakhokhiswa kanye nesitifiketi esivela ku-CAF;
• ukuhlangana kwezelamani - Isitifiketi semfundo;
• umfundi okhaya lakhe, emaphethelweni wendawo yesevisi, liseduze nendawo oyifunayo - Imeyili yomndeni, 
• isaziso sentela yomkhandlu, isaziso sentela noma isaziso esingakhokhi intela;
• uma kwenzeka kuthathwa isinyathelo sakamuva noma esizayo: amatayitari athengwayo okuthengwa kwempahla noma idokhumende yokubhalisa imoto ekhombisa ikheli elisha noma isitatimende senkonzo yeCAF esibonisa ikheli elisha;
• umfundi okufanele alandele indlela ethile yokufunda;
• ezinye izizathu - Imeyili yomndeni.

Ngokuya ngeminyaka yomfundi, isicelo sizokwenziwa ku:

• ezinkulisa nasezikoleni zamabanga aphansi: imikhandlu kamasipala (L212-7 yekhodi yemfundo) lapho omasipala benezikole eziningana;
• ekolishi: I-General Council (L213-1 yekhodi yemfundo);
• esikoleni esiphakeme: i-Dasen, uMqondisi Wezemfundo Wezinsizakalo Zezemfundo Zikazwelonke.

Lesi sicelo kufanele senziwe ngaphambi kokubhalisa ingane endaweni oyifunayo.

Idokhumenti enikezelwe ibizwa ngokuthi " Ifomu lokuguquguquka kwekhadi lesikole “. Kufanele iqoqwe kusukela ekuqondisweni kwezinsizakalo zomnyango wezemfundo kazwelonke yendawo yokuhlala.

Abazali kufanele bathinte isikhungo esikhethiwe ngoba, kuye ngecala, lesi sicelo sithunyelwa esikoleni somfundi noma kusiqondiso sezinsizakalo zomnyango wezemfundo kazwelonke yendawo yokuhlala.

Kweminye iminyango, isicelo senziwa ngokuqondile ku-inthanethi kuwebhusayithi yezinsizakalo zomnyango wezemfundo kazwelonke.