Ngokuvumelana nomsebenzi walo, Ibhodi Lokuhlela le-MedTvoiLokony lenza yonke imizamo yokuhlinzeka ngokuqukethwe kwezokwelapha okuthembekile okusekelwa ulwazi lwakamuva lwesayensi. Ifulegi elengeziwe elithi "Okuqukethwe Okuhloliwe" libonisa ukuthi i-athikili ibuyekezwe noma yabhalwa udokotela ngokuqondile. Lokhu kuqinisekisa okuyizinyathelo ezimbili: intatheli yezokwelapha kanye nodokotela basivumela ukuthi sinikeze okuqukethwe kwekhwalithi ephezulu ngokuhambisana nolwazi lwamanje lwezokwelapha.
Ukuzibophezela kwethu kule ndawo kuye kwathakaselwa, phakathi kokunye, yiNhlangano Yezintatheli Zezempilo, eyaklomelisa Ibhodi Lokuhlela le-MedTvoiLokony ngesihloko sokuhlonipha esithi Umfundisi Omkhulu.
Ukukhala, ukwethuka, ulaka, ukuhlukana nabazali - ukucindezeleka nokuvukela entsheni kuyafana. UZuzanna Opolska uxoxa noRobert Banasiewicz, umelaphi, ngendlela yokubahlukanisa. Umhla zili-10 kuMfumfu wuSuku Lomhlaba Lwezempilo Yengqondo.
- Intsha engamaphesenti angu-25 idinga ukusekelwa ngokwengqondo. Izingane azikwazi ukubhekana nesizungu, ingcindezi, izinkinga esikoleni nasekhaya
- Izifo zokucindezeleka zibonakala ngamaphesenti angu-20. izingane kanye nentsha engaphansi kweminyaka engu-18. Ukucindezeleka kungamaphesenti ama-4 kuya kwangu-8. intsha
- Masingaphathi ukuhlubuka kwasebusheni kwayo yonke intsha njengento engokwemvelo ingane ezokhula kuyo. Lokhu kuziphatha kungase kube uphawu lokucindezeleka. Lokhu akubonisi njalo ukwehla kwamandla nokudabuka. Ngezinye izikhathi, ngokuphambene nalokho, ngokunyuka kwentukuthelo, ulaka, ukuqhuma kokukhala
Zuzanna Opolska, MedTvoiLokony: Izimpawu zokucindezeleka entsheni zihlukile kunabantu abadala, ngokuvamile zifana nokuvukela. Ungahlukanisa kanjani omunye komunye?
Robert Banasiewicz, umelaphi: Okokuqala, kungani ukuhlukanisa? Ngicabanga ukuthi akufanele sikuthathe kancane ukuhlubuka kwentsha. Ngiyazi ngokuvukela okuningi okwaphela kabuhlungu kanye nokucindezeleka okuningi, okuthi, uma kulawulwa kahle, kwasiza abantu abasha. Okwesibili, ngenxa yokufana kwezimpawu, akulula ukuhlukanisa. Ukuvukela kwentsha kuvame ukuba kufushane futhi kunamandla. Ukuthomba yisikhathi esinzima ezimpilweni zethu - yonke into ibalulekile, ishube ngendlela exakile futhi ihlukumeza inhliziyo. Kuyafaneleka ukuzindla ngakho, ukhumbule okwakho okwedlule.
Yiziphi izindlela zokuziphatha okufanele zisikhathaze? Ukucasuka, ulaka, ukuhoxa ekuxhumaneni nontanga?
Konke okuhambisana nokuhlubuka kwentsha kungase kuphazamise: ukushintsha kokuziphatha, ukuhlukana nabazali, ukwehliswa amamaki, ukulova, ulwazi olushaqisayo oluvela kothisha, “okusha”, abantu obaziyo abasolisayo. Yingakho kubalulekile ukuhlola ukuthi ubudlelwano bethu sobabili bubukeka kanjani ngempela. Ngiyabazi abangani bengane yami? Ngiyazi ukuthi wenzani ngemva kokuphuma kwesikole? Ulalela hlobo luni lomculo? Yini athanda ukuyenza ngesikhathi sakhe sokuphumula? Imaphi amawebhusayithi awavakashelayo? Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ingane ihlushwa ukucindezeleka noma ihlushwa ukuvukela, ifuna ikhambi ... Lezi kungaba izidakamizwa, izidakamizwa eziklanyelwe, utshwala - noma yini engayithola eduze.
Kwesinye isikhathi kuba kubi kakhulu - ukuzilimaza, ukuzama ukuzibulala ...
Yiqiniso. Engqungqutheleni yangonyaka odlule ethi “Teenage Mutiny or Adolescent Depression – How to Diuuction it?” ePustniki, ngathola ukuthi umuntu omncane kunabo bonke ePoland owazibulala wayeneminyaka engu-6 ubudala. Angizange ngikuvume lokhu. Kwakungaphezu kwamandla kimi. Imininingwane ibonisa ukuthi ngo-2016, intsha engu-481 yazama ukuzibulala, futhi engu-161 yayo yazibulala. Lezi izinombolo ezinkulu ezisebenza kuphela ezweni lethu futhi unyaka owodwa kuphela.
Izibalo zaseBrithani zibonisa ukuthi intsha iba nokucindezeleka lapho ineminyaka engu-14 ubudala, ingabe ulwazi lwakho luyakuqinisekisa lokhu?
Yebo, ukucindezeleka kule minyaka kungazibonakalisa. Kodwa-ke, masingakhohlwa ukuthi lokhu kuyinqubo eqala endaweni ethile. Ngaphandle nje kokuthi izingane zethu zifunda ama-equations namafomula esikoleni, zinezinkinga zazo. Bahlala emakhaya ahlukene futhi baphuma emindenini eyahlukene. Bangaki abakhuliswa ngogogo nomkhulu, futhi bangaki omama kuphela? Izingane zizama ukubhekana nakho konke, sekunesikhathi eside zizama, futhi lapho zineminyaka engu-14 kukhona into efana nalena ezilokotha ukuyimemeza. Yilokhu engikubonayo lapho ngisebenza nezingane. Ngezinye izikhathi sibabuza kakhulu. Amahora ayisishiyagalombili ezifundo esikoleni, ukufundisa, amakilasi engeziwe. Bangaki abazali abafuna isiShayina, upiyano noma ithenisi? Ngithi ngamabomu - abazali. Ngikuqonda kahle konke, kodwa ingabe izingane zethu kufanele zibe ezihamba phambili kukho konke? Angeke nje babe izingane?
Bayanda "abazali abanophephela emhlane" ePoland. Ingabe umthunzi wezibani esiwusakazayo ungaba ijele?
Kunomehluko phakathi kokunakekela kanye nokuvikela ngokweqile. Ngokuphambene nalokho esikucabangayo, “ukuvikela ngokweqile kwabazali namuhla” akusho ukukhuluma noma ukuba ndawonye. Asinaso isikhathi salokho. Nokho, siyakwazi ukususa ngempumelelo zonke izithiyo endleleni yezingane zethu. Asibafundisi ukuthi benze kanjani ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu futhi sehlisa ngokuphelele igunya lothisha ngokungenasidingo. Esikhathini esidlule, lapho umama eya ekamelweni lomhlangano, ngangisenkingeni. Namuhla kuhlukile. Uma umzali efika emhlanganweni, uthisha usenkingeni. Lokhu kusho ukuthi izingane azibi nazo izinkinga zenqubo okufanele zikhiqize uhlobo oluthile lwamasosha omzimba kuzo. Ngivame ukuzwa amagama athi: ingane yami ihlupheka esikoleni. Kuyinto evamile - amaphesenti angu-80. abafundi bayahlupheka esikoleni. Kuphela, ngiyazi ukuthi uphethwe yini? Ngingakwazi ukuyibona?
Umbuzo ojwayelekile wabazali: bekunjani esikoleni? – akwanele?
Lowo ngumbuzo izingane ezinezihlungi zazo kuwo. Bazophendula kulungile futhi sinomuzwa wokuthi konke kuhamba kahle. Kukhona othintana naye, kodwa akukho ukuxhumana. Ngokusobala kukhona okudinga ukushintshwa. Hlala nengane etafuleni, uyibuke emehlweni futhi ukhulume njengomuntu omdala. Buza: uzizwa unjani namuhla? Ngisho noma esilinganisa njengomfokazi okokuqala ... Okwesibili kuzoba ngcono. Ngeshwa, abantu abadala abaningi bacabanga ukuthi ingane nje "impahla yomuntu".
Abadumile: izingane nezinhlanzi azinazwi. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, sinabazali abangasiqondi, kanti ngakolunye uhlangothi, sinendawo yontanga esingakwazi ukuzithola sikuyo ngaso sonke isikhathi. Ingabe izingane azinawo amakhono okuxhumana nabantu?
Hhayi bona kuphela. Phela siyizilwane ezincelisayo futhi njengazo zonke izilwane ezincelisayo sifunda ngokulingisa abazali bethu. Uma sizihlukanisa ngocingo, omakhalekhukhwini kanye namalaptop, yisiphi lesi sibonelo?
Nokho, ingabe abantu abadala kufanele basolwe?
Akukhona ngokuthola iqembu elinecala. Siphila eqinisweni elithile futhi kuzohlala kunjalo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, sinama-accelerator amaningi, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ingcindezi yangaphandle inkulu kakhulu. Iqiniso lokuthi abesifazane abacindezelekile ngokuphindwe kathathu kunamadoda libangelwa okuthile. Ngenxa yokucindezela kwesithombe - owesifazane kufanele abe mncane, omuhle futhi omncane. Uma kungenjalo, akukho lutho okumelwe lubheke emphakathini. Kuyafana nangendoda egulayo. Sinesidingo sabantu abangangcoliswa yinoma yibuphi ubuhlungu nokuhlupheka, abanye basiphathe kabi.
Kwenye yezingxoxo uthe izingane azikwazi ukuzazi ngokomzwelo. Abafundi abakwazi ukusho imizwa yabo?
Abakwenzi, kodwa nathi asikwenzi. Uma ngibuza, uzizwa kanjani lapha futhi manje?
Lokho kungaba inkinga...
Impela, futhi kunemizwa okungenani engamakhulu amane. Izingane, njengathi, zinenkinga yokuzazi ngokomzwelo. Kungakho ngisho njalo ukuthi imfundo yemizwa njengesifundo esikoleni iyadingeka njengekhemistri noma izibalo. Izingane zifuna ngempela ukukhuluma ngalokho ezizizwayo, ukuthi zingobani, ukuthi zifuna ukuba ubani ...
Bafuna izimpendulo...
Yebo, uma ngiza esifundweni futhi ngithi: namuhla sikhuluma ngezidakamizwa, abafundi bazongibuza: yini engingathanda ukuyazi? Bafundiswe ngokuphelele ngale ndaba. Kodwa lapho ngibeka uZosia phakathi negumbi futhi ngibuza: lokho akuzwayo, akazi. Ngibuza uKasia, ohlezi eduze kwakho: ucabangani, uzizwa kanjani uZosia? - Mhlawumbe ukuphoxeka - kuyimpendulo. Ngakho-ke othile oseceleni uyakwazi ukuyiqamba futhi agqoke izicathulo zikaZosia. Uma singathuthukisi uzwela eKasia kakhulu - kubi lokho, futhi uma singafundisi ukuzazi kweZosia ngokomzwelo - kubi nakakhulu.
Ingabe intsha ehlushwa izifo zokucindezeleka iphathwa njengabantu abadala?
Ngokuqinisekile kukhona umehluko endleleni yenkinga kubantu abadala nasezinganeni, izici zokuhlangenwe nakho komuntu siqu, ukuhlakanipha ekuphileni, ukumelana nokucindezeleka. Vele, ekwelashweni kwezingane kanye nentsha, kufanele kube ne-nomenclature ehluke kancane, ngaphandle kwalokho kuyadingeka ukufinyelela nokuqukethwe. Ubudlelwane bokwelapha nabo bakhiwe ngendlela ehlukile. Nokho, sinesihloko somuntu ofanayo. Omunye mncane, omunye mdala, kodwa indoda. Ngokubona kwami, kubalulekile ukunciphisa ukucindezeleka, ukufunda ukuphila nakho futhi naphezu kwakho. Ngakho uma ukucindezeleka kungilalisa, kungisonga ngengubo futhi kungiphoqelele ukuba ngilale ebumnyameni, kungase kungisindise kwezinye izinqumo eziphawulekayo. Lapho ngiqala ukukubheka ngale ndlela, ngifuna ukubonga kimi njengoWiktor Osiatyński, owathi: Ukube angizange ngibuthole utshwala, ngabe ngazibulala. Ngisikhumbula kahle isiqephu sami sokucindezeleka - ngangidivosa, ngaphelelwa umsebenzi, ngaba nezinkinga zempilo futhi ngokungazelelwe ngawela esimeni sezinyanga ezintathu sokudangala nokungabi nathemba. Kuyaxaka ukuthi ngenxa yalokho ngasinda. Esikhundleni sokuchitha amandla ekulweni nokudangala, kufanelekile ukukuqonda nokukuthambisa. Kungakhathaliseki inani lemithi esiyiphuzayo, kusafanele sivuke futhi sithole isizathu esanele sokuphila usuku ngalunye.
Idatha ibonisa ukuthi ukuphazamiseka kokucindezeleka kukhona ngamaphesenti angu-20. izingane kanye nentsha engaphansi kweminyaka engu-18. Ngokumelene nesizinda sabantu abadala - ingabe kuningi noma okuncane?
Ngicabanga ukuthi ibukeka ifana kakhulu. Kodwa kungani ubhekisela ezinombolweni? Ukuthobisa nje abanye? Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yiliphi iphesenti, sisenamahloni okucindezeleka. Umhlaba wonke kade ukhuluma ngakho njengesifo sempucuko, futhi sihlezi emanzini athile angemuva. Kufanele ukwamukele futhi uthole izixazululo, hhayi nje ezemithi. Esikhundleni sokucasuka futhi uthukuthele ukuthi kungani mina?, kufanele sibambe iqhaza enqubweni yokwelapha. Thola ukuthi ukucindezeleka kunginikani nokuthi ngingaphila kanjani nakho. Uma nginesifo sikashukela futhi udokotela wami engitshela ukuthi ngithathe i-insulin, angiphikisani naye. Uma, nokho, enginika umuthi wokwelapha, ngithi: ngesinye isikhathi ... Uma, njengoba ngiphupha, izikole zinezifundo zokufundisa ngokomzwelo, futhi izingqungquthela kanye nezifundo zokuqeqesha ngezifo zokucindezeleka zihlelwa ezindaweni zokusebenza, kungaba okuhlukile. Thina, ngakolunye uhlangothi, sikhuluma ngokudangala minyaka yonke ngo-23.02/XNUMX, bese sikukhohlwa. Ngokuvamile, sithanda ukugubha iminyaka engu- - Usuku Lwamazwe Ngamazwe Lokulwa Nokucindezeleka, sizokubona embuthanweni olandelayo.
Kungani ukucindezeleka kubuya futhi kanjani ukulwa nakho?
Robert Banasiewicz, uchwepheshe we-addiction therapy