Ama-polyps yizimila ezivame ukutholakala olwelweni lwekholoni, i-rectum, isibeletho, isisu, ikhala, izona kanye nesinye. Bangakwazi ukukala ukusuka kumamilimitha ambalwa ukuya kumasentimitha amaningana. Nakuba ezimweni eziningi, lezi zimila eziyingozi futhi ngokuvamile ezingabonakali, kwezinye izimo zingakhula zibe umdlavuza.

I-polyp yamakhala ukukhula kolwelwesi lwekhala oluvala ulwelwesi lwezono. Lezi zimila, ezivame kakhulu futhi ezinobungozi, zinezici zokuvama ukuba zimbili. Zingenzeka kunoma iyiphi iminyaka.

I-polyp yamakhala ingase ibonakale njengengxenye ye-nasal sinus polyposis, ebonakala ngokukhula ngokweqile kwama-polyp amancane olwelweni lwekhala nasemasini.

Izici zengozi

“Izici eziyingozi ze-polyp yamakhala ziningi,” kuchaza uDkt. Anne Thirot-Bidault, udokotela wezifo zomdlavuza. Ikakhulukazi kungase kukhulunywe ngokuvuvukala okungapheli kwezono, isifuba somoya, ukungabekezelelani i-aspirin. I-Cystic fibrosis nayo ibeka phambili ukwakheka kwe-polyp. I-genetic predisposition (umlando womndeni) nayo ingenzeka kuleli cala ”.

Izimpawu 

Izimpawu eziyinhloko ze-polyp yamakhala zifana kakhulu nalezo zomkhuhlane ovamile. Ngempela, isiguli sizolahlekelwa iphunga, futhi sizobhekana nomuzwa wokuvaleka kwekhala, ukuthimula ngokuphindaphindiwe, ukuphuma kwamafinyila kanye nokuhona.

Ukwelashwa

Njengokwelashwa komugqa wokuqala, udokotela uzonikeza umuthi wokwelapha osuselwe ku-corticosteroids yendawo, ngesifutho, ukuze ufafazwe emakhaleni. Lokhu kwelashwa kusiza ukunciphisa izimpawu ngokunciphisa usayizi wama-polyps.

Ukuhlinzwa (i-polypectomy noma ukususwa kwama-polyps) kusetshenziswa i-endoscope (ithubhu lokubuka eliguquguqukayo) ngezinye izikhathi kuyadingeka uma kuvimbela imigudu yokuphefumula noma kubangela izifo ezivamile zesinus.

Ama-polyps ahlala ekhaleni ajwayele ukuvela, ngaphandle uma ukucasuka okucashile, ukungezwani komzimba nezinto ezithile noma izifo kulawulwa.

Ama-polyps esinyeni ama-polyps amancane avela olwelweni lwesinye, okuthiwa i-urothelium. Lezi zimila cishe njalo zenziwe nge-dysplastic, okungukuthi, amangqamuzana anomdlavuza.

Izimpawu 

Esikhathini esiningi, lawa ma-polyps atholakala lapho kukhona igazi emchameni (hematuria). Zingabuye zibonakale ngokushisa lapho uchama noma ngokufuna ukuchama okubuhlungu.

Izici zengozi

Lezi zilonda esinyeni zithandwa ukubhema kanye nokuchayeka kumakhemikhali athile (i-arsenic, izibulala-zinambuzane, okuphuma ku-benzene, ama-carcinogens embonini). Zivame ukubonwa kubantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-50, futhi zivame kakhulu emadodeni ngokuphindwe kathathu kunakwabesifazane.

“Uma kunegazi emchameni, udokotela uzoqale acele ukuthi kuhlolwe umchamo (i-ECBU) nge-cytobacteriological ukuze kukhishwe ukutheleleka komgudu womchamo, bese kuba nokuhlolwa komchamo wamangqamuzana angavamile (i-cytology yomchamo) kanye ne-fibroscopy yesinye,” kuchaza. UDkt Anne Thirot-Bidault.

Ukwelashwa

Ngamafomu angaphandle, ukwelashwa kuhlanganisa ukususa izilonda ngokuphelele ngezindlela zemvelo ngaphansi kwekhamera. Le nqubo ibizwa ngokuthi i-transurethral bladder resection (UVRT). Ama-polyp noma ama-polyp abe esephathiswa ilabhorethri ye-anatomopathology okuthi, ngemva kokuhlolwa kwe-microscopic, izonquma izinga lokungena kanye nolaka lwamaseli (ibanga). Imiphumela izoqondisa ukwelashwa.

Ezinhlotsheni ezingenayo ezithinta izicubu zesinye, kuyadingeka ukususa isitho ngokuhlinzwa okunzima kakhulu (i-cystectomy). 

I-polyp enemibala yinoma yisiphi isilonda esiphakanyisiwe solwelwesi lwekholoni noma i-rectum. Ibonakala kalula ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa, ngaphakathi komgudu wokugaya ukudla.

Ubukhulu bayo buyahlukahluka - ukusuka kumamilimitha ama-2 namasentimitha ambalwa - njengokuma kwayo:

• I-polyp ye-sessile ibukeka njenge-protrusion eyindilinga (njengengilazi yewashi), ebekwe odongeni lwangaphakathi lwekholoni noma i-rectum;

Ama-polyps asengozini kakhulu

Amanye ama-polyp angama-colon anengozi enkulu yokuba umdlavuza. 

Ama-polyps adenomatous

Ngokuyisisekelo zakhiwe amangqamuzana endlala agudla i-lumen yamathumbu amakhulu. “Lezi yizona ezivame kakhulu, kuvuma udokotela. Bathinta u-2/3 wama-polyps futhi basesimweni sangaphambi komdlavuza ”. Uma zivela, ama-adenomas ama-3 kwayi-1000 aba umdlavuza we-colorectal. Ngemva kokususwa, zivame ukuvela. Ukuqapha kubalulekile.

Ama-polyps ane-scalloped noma ama-serrated

Lawa ma-polyp adenomatous anesibopho sengxenye enkulu yesikhawu somdlavuza wekoloni (okwenzeka phakathi kwama-colonoscopy amabili okulawula) yingakho isidingo sokuqapha ngokucophelela.

Ezinye izinhlobo ze-colon polyps

Ezinye izigaba zama-polyps e-colon, njengama-polyps e-hyperplastic (ebonakala ngokukhula kosayizi kanye noshintsho ezindlaleni olwelwesi lwe-colon) akuvamile ukuqhubekela kumdlavuza wekoloni.

Izici zengozi

Ama-polyp amakholomu avame ukuhlotshaniswa neminyaka, umndeni noma umlando womuntu siqu. "Lesi sici sofuzo sithinta cishe u-3% womdlavuza," kuchaza uchwepheshe. Kulokhu, sikhuluma nge-polyposis yomndeni noma isifo sikaLynch, isifo se-autosomal esivelele, okusho ukuthi umuntu ogulayo unengozi engu-50% yokudlulisela isifo ezinganeni zakhe ".

Izimpawu 

"Ama-polyp amaningi ekholoni awabonakali kahle," kuqinisekisa uDkt. Anne Thirot-Bidault. Akuvamile, kungaba yimbangela yokopha esitulweni (ukopha kwe-rectal) ”.

Ukwelashwa

Ukuhlolwa okubalulekile kokuxilonga i-polyp ye-colon i-colonoscopy. Ikuvumela ukuthi ubone ngeso lengqondo izindonga zekholoni futhi, usebenzisa ama-forceps, ukuthatha amasampula athile (i-biopsy) ukuhlaziya izicubu.

“Ukukhipha isisu, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi se-colonoscopy, kuyindlela yokwelapha engcono kakhulu ye-colon polyp. Lokhu kusiza ukuvimbela ukuqala komdlavuza, ”kusho u-interlocutor wethu. Endabeni yama-polyps e-sessile noma ama-polyps amakhulu kakhulu, ukususwa kufanele kwenziwe ngokuhlinzwa.

E-France, ukuhlolwa komdlavuza we-colorectal kunikezwa ngesimemo, njalo eminyakeni emibili, kwabesifazane nabesilisa abaneminyaka engama-50 kuya kwengama-74 futhi ngaphandle komlando womuntu siqu noma womndeni.