I-Pluteus umbrosoides (Pluteus umbrosoides) isithombe nencazelo

Isiswebhu esifana ne-umbro (Pluteus umbrosoides)

Igama lamanje i-Pluteus umbrosoides EF Malysheva

I-etymology yegama ivela ku-umbrosoides - efana ne-umber, kusukela ku-umbrosus - umbala we-umber. Umbra (kusuka kwelesiLatini elithi umbra – shadow) iyi-mineral brown brown pigment.

Isishayo se-umbrous sathola igama laso ngokufana okunamandla nesishayo se-umbrous.

ikhanda usayizi ophakathi, 4-8 cm ububanzi, i-convex-campanulate enomkhawulo ogoqiwe lapho isencane, bese iba yi-flat-convex, isicaba uma isivuthiwe, ngezinye izikhathi igcina i-tubercle encane noma i-fossa phakathi nendawo. Ingaphezulu liyi-velvety, limbozwe ngenethiwekhi yezikali ezinsundu, i-villi. Izikali zitholakala kancane ukuya emaphethelweni futhi kaningi futhi ziminyene maphakathi nekepisi (ngenxa yokuthi isikhungo sibonakala sinemibala egqamile). Izikali kanye ne-villi zakha iphethini e-radial ensundu, ensundu ngokumnyama, obomvu-nsunsundu ukuya kokunsundu ngokumnyama, lapho indawo ekhanyayo ibonakala khona. Unqenqema lwekepisi lucwebile, akuvamile ukuthi lucishe lulingane. Inyama imhlophe, ayishintshi umbala uma yonakele, inephunga elingathathi hlangothi, elingashiwongo kanye nokunambitha.

I-Hymenophore amakhowe - lamellar. Amapuleti akhululekile aze afike ku-4 mm ububanzi, ngokuvamile atholakala. Kumakhowe amancane, amhlophe, apinki okhanyayo, ngokuya ngeminyaka aphenduka apinki agqamile ngombala onemiphetho ekhanyayo.

Impikiswano ukusuka ku-ellipsoid ukuya cishe ku-spherical 5.5–6.5(–6.8) × (4.5–)5.0–6.0(–6.5) µm, ngokwesilinganiso 6,15 × 5,23 µm, imprint ye-spore ebomvana.

I-Basidia 20–26(–30) × 7–8 µm, emise okwekilabhu, emise okwekilabhu emincane, izinhlamvu ezingu-2–4.

I-Cheilocystidia 40–75 × 11–31 µm, ngobuningi, ukusuka ku-fusiform kuya ku-fusiform ebanzi, i-utriform (emise okwesaka) noma i-lageniform ebanzi ene-appendage phezulu, esobala, enodonga oluncane.

I-Pleurocystids 40–80 × 11–18 µm, igcwele, i-fusiform, i-lageniform kuya ku-lageniform ebanzi, ngezikhathi ezithile ibuye ibe nezakhi ze-fusiform ezifana ne-cheilocystid.

I-Pileipellis iyi-trichohymeniderm ehlanganisa izakhi ze-fusiform emincane noma ebanzi enama-tapering, obtuse noma ama-papillary apices, 100–300 × 15–25 µm, enombala ophuzi-ensundu we-intracellular, onezindonga ezincane.

a. impikiswano

b. I-Cheilocystidia

c. I-Pleurocystidia

d. Izakhi zePileipellis

Leg emaphakathi amhlophe angama-4,5 kuya ku-8 cm ubude no-0,4 kuya ku-0,8 cm ububanzi, amise okwesilinda ngokujiya kancane abheke phansi, aqonde noma agobe kancane, abushelelezi, anoboya obuhle ngezansi, ansundu. Inyama yomlenze imhlophe qwa, iphuzi phansi.

Ikhula iyodwa noma ngamaqembu amancane eziqwini, amagxolo noma izinsalela zokhuni ezibolayo zezihlahla eziphukayo: ubhabhulini, ama-birches, ama-aspen. Kwesinye isikhathi ikhula phakathi kwezinye izinhlobo zamabhulabhu. Izithelo: ihlobo-ekwindla. Itholakala eTurkey, eYurophu, eNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia (ikakhulukazi, e-China), Ezweni Lethu ibonakala eningizimu yeSiberia Ephakathi, e-Krasnoyarsk Territory, e-Sayano-Shushensky Reserve, esifundeni saseNovosibirsk.

Ngokusobala, i-mushroom iyadliwa, akukho lwazi mayelana nokuqukethwe kwezinto ezinobuthi, nakuba izakhiwo zokudla okunomsoco zingaziwa, ngakho-ke sizocubungula ngokucophelela lolu hlobo olungenakudliwa.

Okokuqala, i-mushroom ifana nomlingani wayo, lapho ithola khona igama layo: i-Pluteus umbrosus.

Isiswebhu se-Umber (Pluteus umbrosus)

Umehluko usezingeni elincane, kepha ngokwezici ze-macroscopic zesiswebhu, i-umbra-efana ne-umbra ihlukaniswa ngomphetho wombala owodwa wamapuleti, ukungabikho kwama-flakes onqenqemeni lwekepisi, kanye nesiqu esibushelelezi ngaphandle izikali ezinsundu.

Isiswebhu esinemngcele omnyama (Pluteus atromarginatus) iyahluka ebusweni bekepisi, okuyi-veiny-fibrous, futhi hhayi i-fleecy njengaku-p. umber-like.

I-Pluteus granularis - okufana kakhulu, abanye ababhali bakhomba ubunwele besiqu se-granular njengento ehlukanisayo, ngokungafani nesiqu esibushelelezi sento ye-umbrous. Kodwa abanye ababhali baphawula ukuhlangana okunjalo kwama-macrofeatures okungadingeka i-microscopy kuphela ukuze kubonakale okuthembekile kwalezi zinhlobo zesikhunta.

Izithombe ezisetshenziswe esihlokweni: Alexey (Krasnodar), Tatyana (Samara). Umdwebo we-Microscopy: Pluteus umbrosoides kanye no-P. Chrysaegis, amarekhodi amasha avela e-China.