I-Serum protein electrophoresis ukuhlolwa okwenziwa ekuhlolweni kwegazi okuvumela ukuxilonga nokuqapha izifo eziningi njenge-monoclonal immunoglobulin, i-hypergammaglobulinemia kanye ne-hypogammaglobulinemia engavamile kakhulu.

I-Serum protein electrophoresis (EPS) ukuhlolwa kwebhayoloji yezokwelapha. Inhloso yawo ukuhlukaniswa kwamaprotheni akhona engxenyeni ewuketshezi yegazi (i-serum). “La maprotheni adlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu ekuthutheni ama-molecule amaningi (amahomoni, amafutha, izidakamizwa, njll.), futhi abandakanyeka ekuhlanganiseni, ekuvikelekeni nasekulondolozeni umfutho wegazi. Lokhu kuhlukaniswa kuzokwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuhlonza nokubalwa ”, kucacisa uDkt Sophie Lyon, isazi sebhayoloji yezokwelapha.

Ukuhlaziywa kwamaprotheni

Ngemva kokuhlolwa kwegazi, amaprotheni ahlaziywa ngokufuduka endaweni kagesi. “Babe sebehlukana ngokuya ngeshaji yabo kagesi nesisindo samangqamuzana, okwenza kube nokwenzeka ukubabona futhi babone okungahambi kahle.” I-EPS izovumela ukuhlukaniswa kwezingxenyana zamaprotheni ayisithupha, ngokuncipha kokulandelana kwejubane lawo lokufuduka: i-albumin (okuyiprotheni enkulu ye-serum, etholakala cishe ngama-60%), i-alpha 1-globulins , i-alpha 2-globulins, i-Beta 1 globulin, I-Beta 2 globulin ne-gammaglobulins. "I-Electrophoresis yenza kube nokwenzeka ukuhlonza izifo ezithile ezihlobene nokusebenza kabi kwesibindi noma izinso, ukuguqulwa kwezivikeli mzimba, izimpawu zokuvuvukala noma umdlavuza othile".

Izimo zokunquma i-EPS zicaciswe yi-Haute Autorité de Santé (HAS) ngoJanuwari 2017. Isizathu esiyinhloko sokuthi kungani i-EPS yenziwe ukusesha i-monoclonal immunoglobulin (i-monoclonal gammopathy, noma i-dysglobulinemia). Lokhu kuzofuduka isikhathi esiningi endaweni ye-gamma globulins futhi kwesinye isikhathi endaweni ye-beta-globulins noma i-alpha2-globulins.

Uyenza nini i-PSE?

Kufanele wenze i-EPS uma uphambi kwalokhu:

• Izinga eliphezulu lamaprotheni ajikelezayo;
• Ukwenyuka okungachazeki kwezinga le-sedimentation (VS);
• Ukutheleleka okuphindaphindiwe, ikakhulukazi amagciwane (sesha ukuntuleka kokuzivikela komzimba okubangela i-hypogammaglobulinemia);
• Ukubonakaliswa komtholampilo noma kwezinto eziphilayo (i-hypercalcemia, isibonelo) ephakamisa ukuvela kwe-myeloma noma isifo segazi;
• Ukusola kwe-syndrome yokuvuvukala;
• Ngokunokwenzeka i-cirrhosis;
• Noma yikuphi ukuhlolwa kwe-osteoporosis.

Ngokuya ngephrotheni, amanani ereferensi kufanele abe phakathi:

• I-albhamuin: 55 no-65% noma 36 no-50 g / L.
• I-Alpha1 – amaglobulins: 1 no-4% okungukuthi 1 no-5 g/L
• .Alpha 2 – globulins: 6 no-10% noma 4 no-8 g/l
• .I-Beta – amaglobulins: 8 no-14% noma 5 no-12 g/L.
• I-Gamma - ama-globulins: 12 no-20% noma 8 no-16 g / L.
  

I-Electrophoresis izobe isikhomba amaqembu amaprotheni anda noma anciphile ku-serum. “Iphrotheni ngalinye legazi lizokwenza amabhande anobubanzi obuhlukene nokuqina kuye ngenani lawo. Isici ngasinye "iphrofayili" singahunyushwa udokotela ". Angase, uma kunesidingo, anikeze ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe.

Okudidayo okuhlonzwe yi-EPS

Phakathi kokudidayo okutholakele:

• Ukuncipha kwezinga le-albumin (hypoalbuminemia), okungabangelwa ukungondleki kahle, ukwehluleka kwesibindi, ukutheleleka okungapheli, i-myeloma noma ngisho nokugcwala kwamanzi (hemodilution).
• I-Hyper-alpha2-globulinemia kanye nokuncipha kwe-albumin kufana nesimo sokuvuvukala. Ukuhlanganiswa kwezingxenyana ze-beta ne-gamma kubonisa isifo sokuqina kwesibindi.
• Ukwehla kwe-gamma globulins (hypogammaglobulinemia) kubonakala uma kwenzeka ukungasebenzi kwamasosha omzimba. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izinga liyakhuphuka (hypergammaglobulinemia) esimweni se-myeloma, i-monoclonal gammopathies kanye nezifo ezizimele (i-lupus, i-rheumatoid arthritis).
• Ukwanda kwe-beta globulins kungasho ukuba khona kokuntuleka kwe-iron, i-hypothyroidism noma ukuvinjelwa kwe-biliary.

Ngokusho kwe-HAS, kunconywa ukuthi uthumele isiguli ukuze uthole iseluleko esengeziwe:

• Uma isethulo somtholampilo wesiguli siphakamisa ukonakala kwe-hematological (ubuhlungu bethambo, ukuwohloka kwesimo esijwayelekile, i-lymphadenopathy, i-tumor syndrome);
• uma kwenzeka kukhona ukungahambi kahle kwezinto eziphilayo (i-anemia, i-hypercalcemia, ukwehluleka kwezinso) noma ukucabanga (izilonda zamathambo) okuphakamisa ukulimala kwesitho;
• uma zingekho izimpawu ezinjalo, isiguli okungenani okukodwa kokuhlolwa komugqa wokuqala okungavamile, noma i-serum monoclonal immunoglobulin eyi-IgG? 15 g/L, IgA noma IgM? 10 g / L;
• uma isiguli singaphansi kweminyaka engama-60 ubudala.

Ukwelashwa kwe-anomaly ye-electrophoresis yilokho kwe-pathology evezwayo.

“Ngokwesibonelo, uma kwenzeka kuba ne-hyperprotidemia ephelele ngenxa yokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni, ukwelashwa kuyoba ukubuyisela amanzi emanzini. Uma kukhona ukwanda kwe-alpha globulins ngenxa ye-syndrome yokuvuvukala, ukwelashwa kuyoba yimbangela yokuvuvukala. Kuzo zonke izimo, udokotela osebenzisa lokhu kuhlolwa kanye nezinye izivivinyo ezengeziwe (ukuhlolwa kwegazi, ukuhlolwa kwe-radiological, njll.), uzokwenza ukuxilongwa ngesikhathi sokubonisana futhi uzobeka ukwelashwa okuhambisana ne-pathology. itholakele”.