Okuqukethwe
I-horse mackerel noma i-horse mackerel, ngomqondo owamukelekayo ngokuvamile, igama leqembu elikhulu lezinhlanzi ezibaluleke kakhulu kwezohwebo. NgesiRashiya, ama-horse mackerel abizwa ngokuthi izinhlobo eziningana zezinhlanzi zomndeni we-horse mackerel. Eziningi zazo ezentengiso. Izinhlobo ezingaba ngu-30 kanye nezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-200 ziyingxenye yomndeni wezinhlanzi ze-scad. Izinhlanzi eziningi zomndeni zifinyelela ubukhulu obukhulu futhi ziyindondo eyintandokazi yabadobi abathanda ukudoba olwandle. Kulo mthombo, ezinye izinhlobo zezilwane zichazwa ngokwehlukana. Eqinisweni, uhlobo oluhlukile - "i-scad", lunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-10 futhi zisakazeke kakhulu emanzini apholile nashisayo. Wonke ama-horse mackerel ayizilwane ezidla ezinye ezisebenzayo. Umzimba wenhlanzi umise okokuphotha. Umlomo uphakathi, uphakathi nendawo. Ubude kwezinye izinhlobo bungafinyelela ku-70 cm, kodwa ezimweni eziningi buyi-30 cm. Ngokusho kobude, isisindo sezinhlanzi singafinyelela ku-2.5 kg, kodwa ngokwesilinganiso singama-300 g. Kukhona amaphiko amabili ngemuva, isiqu esincane se-caudal, futhi, esinezimpiko ezingaphezulu nezingaphansi, zigcina nge-caudal fin enemfoloko. I-anterior dorsal fin inemisebe eqinile eminingana exhunywe ulwelwesi, ngaphezu kwalokho, i-anal fin inemigogodla emibili. Izikali zincane, emgqeni ophakathi kukhona izihlangu zamathambo ezinama-spikes anezindawo zokuzivikela. Ama-horse mackerel ayafunda, izinhlanzi ze-pelargic. Zidla, kuye ngobukhulu bazo, ngezinhlanzi ezincane, i-zooplankton, kodwa ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile zingashintsha futhi ekudleni izilwane ezingaphansi.
Izindlela zokudoba
Ukubamba i-horse mackerel kuwuhlobo oludumile kakhulu lokudoba phakathi kwezakhamuzi, isibonelo, isifunda sase-Black Sea. I-horse mackerel ibanjwa yizo zonke izinhlobo ezitholakalayo zokudoba amateur. Kungaba induku yokuntanta, ukuphotha, i-tackle yokudoba uqonde, noma ukudoba impukane. Izinhlanzi zibanjwa ogwini nasezikebheni ezihlukahlukene. Ukuze uthole ama-bait, ama-bait emvelo asetshenziswa, kanye nezinhlobonhlobo ezihlukahlukene zokwenziwa, kusukela kuma-spinner amancane, izimpukane kuya ezinwele ezijwayelekile nezingcezu zepulasitiki. Ngokuvamile ngesikhathi se "zhora" umhlambi we-horse mackerel kulula ukuwubona - izinhlanzi ziqala ukugxuma emanzini. Okudume kakhulu ukudoba ku-multi-hook tackle njengokuthi "umashiqela".
Izindlela zokudoba nge-multi-hook tackle
Ukudoba ngamashiqela, naphezu kwegama, okusobala ukuthi livela eRussia, kusakazeke kakhulu futhi kusetshenziswa abadobi emhlabeni wonke. Kukhona izici ezincane zesifunda, kodwa isimiso sokudoba siyefana yonke indawo. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwawo wonke ama-rigs alolu hlobo kunalokho uhlobene nobukhulu benyamazane. Ekuqaleni, ukusetshenziswa kwanoma yiziphi izinduku akuzange kunikezwe. Inani elithile lentambo lalinyazwa ku-reel yokuma okungahleliwe, kuye ngokujula kokudoba, kungaba amamitha angamakhulu amaningana. Ekugcineni, i-sinker enesisindo esifanele kusuka ku-100 kuya ku-400 g yalungiswa, ngezinye izikhathi nge-loop ngezansi ukuze kuvikeleke i-leash eyengeziwe. Ama-leashes ahlanganiswe nentambo, imvamisa ibe yizicucu ezingaba ngu-10-15. Ezinguqulweni zanamuhla, izinti ezihlukahlukene zokuphonsa ezikude zivame ukusetshenziswa. Isibalo sezinto zokulutha singahluka futhi sincike kulwazi lomdobi kanye negiya elisetshenzisiwe. Kufanele kucaciswe ukuthi izinhlanzi zasolwandle azikho “i-finicky” ebukhulu bezifinyezo, ngakho-ke kungenzeka ukusebenzisa ama-monofilaments aqinile (0.5-0.6 mm). Mayelana nezingxenye zensimbi zemishini, ikakhulukazi izingwegwe, kufanelekile ukukhumbula ukuthi kufanele zimbozwe nge-anti-corrosion coating, ngoba amanzi olwandle agqwala izinsimbi ngokushesha okukhulu. Enguqulweni "yakudala", "umashiqela" ufakwe izingwegwe, ezinezimpaphe ezinemibala enamathiselwe, izintambo zoboya noma izingcezu zezinto zokwenziwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-spinners amancane, ubuhlalu obumisiwe ngaphezu kwalokho, ubuhlalu, njll. Ezinguqulweni zanamuhla, lapho uxhuma izingxenye zemishini, ama-swivel ahlukahlukene, izindandatho, nokunye kuyasetshenziswa. Lokhu kwandisa ukuguquguquka kwe-tackle, kodwa kungalimaza ukuqina kwayo. Kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa izinto ezinokwethenjelwa, ezibizayo. Emikhumbini eyisipesheli yokudoba “ngesiqhwaga” semishini ekhethekile egibelayo yemishini yokudoba ingase ihlinzekwe. Lokhu kuyasiza kakhulu lapho udoba ekujuleni okukhulu. Uma usebenzisa ama-side rods amafushane anezindandatho zokufinyelela noma ama-sea spinning rods, kuphakama inkinga evamile kuwo wonke ama-hook amaningi anomugqa nabaholi abahlehlayo lapho bedlala izinhlanzi. Lapho ubamba izinhlanzi ezincane, le nkinga ixazululwa ngokusebenzisa izinduku ezinde, futhi lapho ubamba izinhlanzi ezinkulu, ngokunciphisa inani lezintambo "zokusebenza". Kunoma yikuphi, lapho ulungiselela i-tackle yokudoba, i-leitmotif eyinhloko kufanele ibe lula futhi ibe lula ngesikhathi sokudoba. "I-Samodur" ibizwa nangokuthi imishini ye-multi-hook esebenzisa i-nozzle yemvelo. Umgomo wokudoba ulula kakhulu: ngemva kokwehlisa isinki endaweni eqondile ukuze ifinyelele ekujuleni okunqunywe kusengaphambili, umlobi wezinhlanzi wenza ama-twitches okubhekana nawo ngokuvumelana nomgomo wokubanika okuqondile. Endabeni yokulunywa okusebenzayo, lokhu, ngezinye izikhathi, akudingekile. "Ukuhlaliswa" kwezinhlanzi ezingwegweni kungenzeka lapho wehlisa izinto zokusebenza noma ekujikeni komkhumbi. Ukudoba "ngobushiqela" akunakwenzeka kuphela ezikebheni, kodwa futhi kusukela ogwini.
Amahubo
Ama-bait ahlukahlukene asetshenziselwa ukubamba ama-mackerel amahhashi; lapho udoba ngegiya le-multi-hook, izinti ezihlukahlukene zokwenziwa zombala omhlophe noma wesiliva zivame ukusetshenziswa. Endabeni yokudoba ngezinduku ze-float, abadobi abanolwazi bayeluleka ukusebenzisa ama-shrimp baits.
Izindawo zokudoba kanye nezindawo zokuhlala
Izinhlobo eziningi zezinhlanzi zohlobo lwe-horse mackerel zihlala emanzini apholile nashisayo olwandle ezindaweni zombili ezisenyakatho naseningizimu. Emanzini aseRussia, i-horse mackerel ingabanjwa oLwandle Olumnyama nase-Azov. Izindawo ezihlala lezi zinhlanzi ngokuvamile zilinganiselwe eshalofini lezwekazi, ngokuvamile eduze nogu.
Ukuzalela
Ukuzala kwezinhlanzi kwenzeka ngenkathi efudumele eduze nogu. Izinhlanzi zivuthwa lapho zineminyaka engu-2-3 ubudala. I-Black Sea mackerel iqala ukuzala ngoJuni-Agasti. Ukuzala kuhlukaniswe izingxenye. I-pelargic caviar. Ngesikhathi sokuzala, amaduna ahlala ekholomu yamanzi ngaphezu kwezinsikazi futhi avundise amaqanda avelayo.